The general female population is not considered a high-risk group for screening for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This retrospective study describes the prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Treponema pallidum (T. pallidum), Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae), Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis), Mycoplasma spp., Ureaplasma spp., genital Herpes simplex virus (HSV), Monkeypox (mpox), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in asymptomatic and symptomatic cisgender women attending our walk-in STI clinic for the first time. Furthermore, it analyzes the number of individuals who returned for follow-up and were diagnosed with new STIs. Over 20 months, 189 women with a median age of 28.4 years were screened [129 (68.3%) asymptomatic and 60 (31.8%) symptomatic]. In order of prevalence, the most common STIs were: Ureaplasma spp. infections (50.3%), C. trachomatis (10.6%), N. gonorrhoeae (5.8%), Mycoplasma hominis infections (5.8%), T. pallidum (2.65%), HSV2 infections (2.65%), and mpox (0.53%). No diagnosis of HIV, trichomoniasis, HBV, or HCV was registered. After the initial evaluation, 128 (67.7%) women returned for follow-up, but only 43 (22.8%) repeated screening; among them, 11 (25.6%) were diagnosed with new STIs. Given the high prevalence of STIs in cisgender women, awareness measures to improve screening and prevention strategies in this neglected population are required.

In HCV-coinfected people with HIV (PWH), there are still conflicting data regarding the long-term metabolic impact of HCV eradication. The aim of the study is to investigate long-term changes in controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and metabolic profile after sustained virological response (SVR) post-direct acting antivirals (DAAs) in PWH. This is a retrospective observational study including individuals with HIV/HCV coinfection, followed as outpatients at San Raffaele Hospital, who achieved SVR post-DAAs. Individuals were assessed for metabolic parameters before and after the start of DAAs. Univariate and multivariate mixed linear models were calculated to estimate crude mean changes in CAP, metabolic parameters, and weight; slopes were reported with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Overall, during a median follow-up of 4.02 years (interquartile range, IQR 3.04–4.80), the mean percent increase in CAP was 2.86/year (p < 0. 0001), and the mean decrease in stiffness was –4.28 (p = 0.003). Additionally, total cholesterol (p < 0.0001), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (p = 0.001), triglycerides (p < 0.0001), glucose (p < 0.0001), and Body Mass Index (BMI) (p < 0.0001) increased over time. A long-term follow-up in PWH with SVR post-DAAs showed an overall significant increase in CAP and worsening of the metabolic profile, suggesting a higher risk of developing liver steatosis and metabolic alterations over time.