Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) games, exemplified by titles such as League of Legends and Dota 2, have attained global popularity and have been formally recognized as an official event in the 2022 Hangzhou Asian Games, thus establishing their significance in the esports industry. In this study, we proposed a machine learning-based model for predicting comeback victories by leveraging the object bounty mechanism, a critical yet underexplored aspect of previous research. By closely examining the game environment following the activation of the bounty system, we identified pivotal variables and constructed novel indicators that contribute to successful comebacks. Furthermore, an individualized case analysis based on SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) provides new insights to support strategic in-game decision-making and enhance the player experience. The experimental results demonstrate that the indicators introduced in this study, such as the weighted team champion mastery and similarity in champion mastery among the team’s main champions, significantly influence the likelihood of a comeback victory. By capturing the intrinsic dynamism of MOBA games, the proposed model is expected to improve player engagement and satisfaction.