Dr. José Luis Martínez is a Full Research Professor at the National Biotechnology Center, CSIC, in Madrid, Spain, where he leads the “Ecology and Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance” group. He has published more than 250 papers in journals and books and received the Lilly Foundation Distinguished Career Award in 2015. His main interests are the basic mechanisms underlying the evolution and ecology of antibiotic resistance, as well as the integration of the networks regulating resistance and virulence into the microbial metabolism.