Background: The management of ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women is still a diagnostic dilemma. Although ultrasound is the diagnostic cornerstone of the initial assessment, it is limited by its interpretation in cases without clear morphological features of malignancy. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess whether the addition of grayscale ultrasound features with inflammatory markers including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) can improve diagnostic accuracy in the identification of malignant ovarian lesions as compared to benign cysts in postmenopausal women. Methods: A total of 103 surgically removed adnexal masses were examined retrospectively. Ultrasound morphology was categorized to either simple or complex while NLR and PLR were calculated from preoperative full blood counts. The reference standard was histopathology. Results: Of the 103 cysts taken out, 74 cysts (71.8%) were benign while 29 cysts (28.2%) were malignant. Complex morphology was shown by all malignant lesions. NLR values in malignancy vs. benignancy showed a mean NLR of 4.96 ± 2.3 in the malignant cases, while it was 2.56 ± 1.2 in the benign cases (p < 0.001). In a similar fashion, the PLR was 198.4 ± 45.1 in malignant compared to 134.2 ± 32.7 in benign cases (p < 0.001). In the group of complex cysts (n = 52), NLR and PLR were compared to differentiate between malignant and benign lesions. In logistic regression, complex morphology was an independent predictor of malignancy, while NLR showed a positive, non-significant trend; PLR was not independently associated. Conclusions: Use of NLR and PLR in combination with grayscale ultrasonographic morphology improves the diagnostic characterization of postmenopausal women with adnexal masses. This easy, cost-effective method might aid in better triage and surgery planning.

Background/Objectives: The prevalence of behavioral problems and mental health issues, including anxiety, among children is rising, potentially affecting their long-term well-being and social functioning. Therefore, this study aims to identify the key determinants of children’s health status, with a particular focus on parental mental health, health behaviors, and socio-demographic factors. Methods: The data were sourced from a Hungarian representative database from 2019. The analysis was executed using multivariate and multiple logistic regressions. Results: Our sample consisted of data from 5603 individuals, of which 775 (14%) completed the children’s module. Significant associations were found between the parent’s tertiary education level (AOR = 3.93 [1.89–8.16]) and the child’s restlessness and anxiety, as well as between the parent’s existing depression and the child’s behavioral difficulties (AOR = 3.22 [1.97–5.28]) and anxiety (AOR = 2.43 [1.37–4.30]). Additionally, a significant association was observed between the parent’s secondary education level (AOR = 3.53 [1.51–8.27]) and the child’s health problems, which was also associated with cases of tertiary education (AOR = 3.17 [1.16–8.69]). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that parental education and mental health significantly influence children’s psychological and overall health, which is why targeted prevention and health promotion strategies are essential to support both children and families.

Background: Adolescents’ knowledge of healthy nutrition and sustainability is important for both public health and environmental sustainability. This pilot study aimed to assess knowledge of healthy nutrition and sustainability among 15–16-year-old students in a rural Hungarian secondary school and to compare the short-term effects of two educational intervention formats. Methods: Three intact classes were assigned to the long intervention, short intervention, or control condition. Knowledge was assessed at baseline and two weeks after the intervention. The long intervention group received four 45-min educational sessions, the short intervention group received one 45-min session, and the control group received no intervention. Scores were calculated for healthy nutrition, sustainability, and their combination. Non-parametric statistical tests were applied, including the Kruskal–Wallis test and Dunn’s post hoc test with Bonferroni correction. Results: The final analytical sample included 69 students. At baseline, the short intervention group had significantly lower healthy nutrition scores than the control group (12.00 vs. 15.00; p = 0.006), indicating that initial knowledge was not uniform. After the intervention, the long intervention group achieved significantly higher healthy nutrition scores (16.00) than both the short intervention group (13.00) and the control group (13.00). No significant between-group differences were found for sustainability scores at baseline or post-intervention. Change-score analyses showed that both intervention groups improved significantly more than the control group in healthy nutrition, sustainability, and combined knowledge scores. No significant differences in change scores were observed between the long and short intervention groups. Conclusions: The findings indicate that students were not fully familiar with several aspects of healthy nutrition and sustainability, highlighting the need for education in this field. School-based education may improve adolescents’ knowledge in the short term, and even a single structured session may produce measurable improvement. However, the additional benefit of a longer, more practice-oriented format was not confirmed. Given the close relationship between healthy nutrition and sustainability, future educational programmes may benefit from addressing these topics in an integrated manner. Future studies should include larger samples, longer follow-up, and assessment of attitudes, practices, and behavioural change.

Background/Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted gynecologic care pathways and required stricter prioritization of surgical treatment. We evaluated whether the pandemic restriction period was associated with changes in the characteristics of women with adnexal masses reaching surgery and explored ADNEX discrimination within the histologically verified surgical cohort. Methods: This retrospective single-center study included all consecutive women evaluated for an adnexal mass in a dedicated gynecologic ultrasound clinic during a pre-pandemic baseline period and a COVID-19 restriction period. Ultrasound examinations were performed by the same expert using International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) terminology and the IOTA Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adneXa (ADNEX) score was calculated prospectively at the time of examination. Histological analyses were restricted to surgically managed patients. Results: Overall, 340 women were evaluated in the non-COVID period and 211 during the COVID period; 149 (43.8%) and 40 (19.0%), respectively, underwent surgery. After exclusion of five adolescents from the pre-pandemic group, 144 and 40 operated patients were analyzed. The COVID-era surgical cohort was older (median 52.0 vs. 39.0 years, p = 0.0053), had higher ADNEX scores (median 13.7% vs. 4.4%, p = 0.0010), and had a higher proportion of borderline or malignant histology (32.5% vs. 13.2%, p = 0.0083). In an exploratory pooled logistic model, ADNEX score and COVID-period status were associated with non-benign histology. The AUCs were 0.789 and 0.905 in the COVID and non-COVID surgical cohorts, respectively, without a statistically significant between-cohort difference (p = 0.169). Conclusions: The COVID-19 restriction period was associated with a lower proportion of evaluated women proceeding to surgery and with enrichment of the operated cohort for older patients and lesions with higher sonographic risk and non-benign histology. Because surgical selection itself depended partly on ultrasound findings and outcomes were unavailable for non-operated women, these data should not be interpreted as independent validation of ADNEX or proof that deferred management was safe.