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Sun Kwon Yoon
Integrative Climate Research Team, APEC Climate Center, Busan 48058, Korea

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Journal article
Published: 12 November 2018 in Water
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Sustainable management of small island freshwater resources requires an understanding of the extent of freshwater lens and local effects of pumping. In this study, a methodology based on a sharp interface approach is developed for regional and well scale modeling of island freshwater lens. A quasi-three-dimensional finite element model is calibrated with freshwater thickness where the interface is matched to the lower limit of the freshwater lens. Tongatapu Island serves as a case study where saltwater intrusion and well salinization for the current state and six long-term stress scenarios of reduced recharge and increased groundwater pumping are predicted. Though no wells are salinized currently, more than 50% of public wells are salinized for 40% decreased recharge or increased groundwater pumping at 8% of average annual recharge. Risk of salinization for each well depends on the distance from the center of the well field and distance from the lagoon. Saltwater intrusions could occur at less than 50% of the previous estimates of sustainable groundwater pumping where local pumping was not considered. This study demonstrates the application of a sharp interface groundwater model for real-world small islands when dispersion models are challenging to be implemented due to insufficient data or computational resources.

ACS Style

Roshina Babu; Namsik Park; Sunkwon Yoon; Taaniela Kula. Sharp Interface Approach for Regional and Well Scale Modeling of Small Island Freshwater Lens: Tongatapu Island. Water 2018, 10, 1636 .

AMA Style

Roshina Babu, Namsik Park, Sunkwon Yoon, Taaniela Kula. Sharp Interface Approach for Regional and Well Scale Modeling of Small Island Freshwater Lens: Tongatapu Island. Water. 2018; 10 (11):1636.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roshina Babu; Namsik Park; Sunkwon Yoon; Taaniela Kula. 2018. "Sharp Interface Approach for Regional and Well Scale Modeling of Small Island Freshwater Lens: Tongatapu Island." Water 10, no. 11: 1636.

Article
Published: 06 February 2017 in Climate Dynamics
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Climate change frequently causes highly nonlinear and irregular behaviors in hydroclimatic systems. The stochastic simulation of hydroclimatic variables reproduces such irregular behaviors and is beneficial for assessing their impact on other regimes. The objective of the current study is to propose a novel method, a k-nearest neighbor (KNN) based on the local linear regression method (KLR), to reproduce nonlinear and heteroscedastic relations in hydroclimatic variables. The proposed model was validated with a nonlinear, heteroscedastic, lag-1 time dependent test function. The validation results of the test function show that the key statistics, nonlinear dependence, and heteroscedascity of the test data are reproduced well by the KLR model. In contrast, a traditional resampling technique, KNN resampling (KNNR), shows some biases with respect to key statistics, such as the variance and lag-1 correlation. Furthermore, the proposed KLR model was used to simulate the annual minimum of the consecutive 7-day average daily mean flow (Min7D) of the Romaine River, Quebec. The observed and extended North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index is incorporated into the model. The case study results of the observed period illustrate that the KLR model sufficiently reproduced key statistics and the nonlinear heteroscedasticity relation. For the future period, a lower mean is observed, which indicates that drier conditions other than normal might be expected in the next decade in the Romaine River. Overall, it is concluded that the KLR model can be a good alternative for simulating irregular and nonlinear behaviors in hydroclimatic variables.

ACS Style

Taesam Lee; Taha B. M. J. Ouarda; Sunkwon Yoon. KNN-based local linear regression for the analysis and simulation of low flow extremes under climatic influence. Climate Dynamics 2017, 49, 3493 -3511.

AMA Style

Taesam Lee, Taha B. M. J. Ouarda, Sunkwon Yoon. KNN-based local linear regression for the analysis and simulation of low flow extremes under climatic influence. Climate Dynamics. 2017; 49 (9-10):3493-3511.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Taesam Lee; Taha B. M. J. Ouarda; Sunkwon Yoon. 2017. "KNN-based local linear regression for the analysis and simulation of low flow extremes under climatic influence." Climate Dynamics 49, no. 9-10: 3493-3511.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2016 in Journal of Hydro-environment Research
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ACS Style

Sun-Kwon Yoon; Jong-Suk Kim; Young-Il Moon. Urban stream overflow probability in a changing climate: Case study of the Seoul Uicheon Basin, Korea. Journal of Hydro-environment Research 2016, 13, 52 -65.

AMA Style

Sun-Kwon Yoon, Jong-Suk Kim, Young-Il Moon. Urban stream overflow probability in a changing climate: Case study of the Seoul Uicheon Basin, Korea. Journal of Hydro-environment Research. 2016; 13 ():52-65.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sun-Kwon Yoon; Jong-Suk Kim; Young-Il Moon. 2016. "Urban stream overflow probability in a changing climate: Case study of the Seoul Uicheon Basin, Korea." Journal of Hydro-environment Research 13, no. : 52-65.

Conference paper
Published: 17 October 2016 in Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences
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This study analyzes nonlinear behavior links with atmospheric teleconnections between hydrologic variables and climate indices using statistical models during warm season (June to September) over the Korean Peninsula (KP). The ocean-related major climate factor, which is the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) was used to analyze the atmospheric teleconnections by principal component analysis (PCA) and a singular spectrum analysis (SSA). The nonlinear lag time correlations between climate indices and hydrologic variables are calculated by Mutual Information (MI) technique. The nonlinear correlation coefficients (CCs) by MI were higher than linear CCs, and ENSO shows a few months of lag time correlation. The warm season hydrologic variables in KP shows a significant increasing tendency during the warm pool (WP), and the cold tongue (CT) El Niño decaying years shows a significant decreasing tendency, while the La Niña year shows slightly above normal conditions, respectively. A better understanding of the relationship between climate indices and streamflow, and their local impacts can help to prepare for the river discharge management by water managers and scientists. Furthermore, these results provide useful data for policy makers and end-users to support long-range water resources prediction and water-related policy.

ACS Style

Sunkwon Yoon; Taesam Lee. Investigation of hydrological variability in the Korean Peninsula with the ENSO teleconnections. Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 2016, 374, 165 -173.

AMA Style

Sunkwon Yoon, Taesam Lee. Investigation of hydrological variability in the Korean Peninsula with the ENSO teleconnections. Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences. 2016; 374 ():165-173.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sunkwon Yoon; Taesam Lee. 2016. "Investigation of hydrological variability in the Korean Peninsula with the ENSO teleconnections." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 374, no. : 165-173.

Journal article
Published: 21 July 2016 in Remote Sensing
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Satellite-derived precipitation can be a potential source of forcing data for assessing water availability and managing water supply in mountainous regions of East Asia. This study investigates the hydrological utility of satellite-derived precipitation and uncertainties attributed to error propagation of satellite products in hydrological modeling. To this end, four satellite precipitation products (tropical rainfall measuring mission (TRMM) multi-satellite precipitation analysis (TMPA) version 6 (TMPAv6) and version 7 (TMPAv7), the global satellite mapping of precipitation (GSMaP), and the climate prediction center (CPC) morphing technique (CMORPH)) were integrated into a physically-based hydrologic model for the mountainous region of South Korea. The satellite precipitation products displayed different levels of accuracy when compared to the intra- and inter-annual variations of ground-gauged precipitation. As compared to the GSMaP and CMORPH products, superior performances were seen when the TMPA products were used within streamflow simulations. Significant dry (negative) biases in the GSMaP and CMORPH products led to large underestimates of streamflow during wet-summer seasons. Although the TMPA products displayed a good level of performance for hydrologic modeling, there were some over/underestimates of precipitation by satellites during the winter season that were induced by snow accumulation and snowmelt processes. These differences resulted in streamflow simulation uncertainties during the winter and spring seasons. This study highlights the crucial need to understand hydrological uncertainties from satellite-derived precipitation for improved water resource management and planning in mountainous basins. Furthermore, it is suggested that a reliable snowfall detection algorithm is necessary for the new global precipitation measurement (GPM) mission.

ACS Style

Jong Pil Kim; Il Won Jung; Kyung Won Park; Sun Kwon Yoon; Donghee Lee. Hydrological Utility and Uncertainty of Multi-Satellite Precipitation Products in the Mountainous Region of South Korea. Remote Sensing 2016, 8, 608 .

AMA Style

Jong Pil Kim, Il Won Jung, Kyung Won Park, Sun Kwon Yoon, Donghee Lee. Hydrological Utility and Uncertainty of Multi-Satellite Precipitation Products in the Mountainous Region of South Korea. Remote Sensing. 2016; 8 (7):608.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jong Pil Kim; Il Won Jung; Kyung Won Park; Sun Kwon Yoon; Donghee Lee. 2016. "Hydrological Utility and Uncertainty of Multi-Satellite Precipitation Products in the Mountainous Region of South Korea." Remote Sensing 8, no. 7: 608.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2016 in Journal of The Korean Society of Civil Engineers
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ACS Style

Sun-Kwon Yoon; Jong-Suk Kim; Tae-Sam Lee; Young-Il Moon. Warm Season Hydro-Meteorological Variability in South Korea Due to SSTA Pattern Changes in the Tropical Pacific Ocean Region. Journal of The Korean Society of Civil Engineers 2016, 36, 49 -63.

AMA Style

Sun-Kwon Yoon, Jong-Suk Kim, Tae-Sam Lee, Young-Il Moon. Warm Season Hydro-Meteorological Variability in South Korea Due to SSTA Pattern Changes in the Tropical Pacific Ocean Region. Journal of The Korean Society of Civil Engineers. 2016; 36 (1):49-63.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sun-Kwon Yoon; Jong-Suk Kim; Tae-Sam Lee; Young-Il Moon. 2016. "Warm Season Hydro-Meteorological Variability in South Korea Due to SSTA Pattern Changes in the Tropical Pacific Ocean Region." Journal of The Korean Society of Civil Engineers 36, no. 1: 49-63.

Journal article
Published: 30 May 2015 in Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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ACS Style

Jong Pil Kim; Sun Kwon Yoon; Gwangseob Kim; Young Il Moon. Application of Very Short-Term Rainfall Forecasting to Urban Water Simulation using TREC Method. Journal of Korea Water Resources Association 2015, 48, 409 -423.

AMA Style

Jong Pil Kim, Sun Kwon Yoon, Gwangseob Kim, Young Il Moon. Application of Very Short-Term Rainfall Forecasting to Urban Water Simulation using TREC Method. Journal of Korea Water Resources Association. 2015; 48 (5):409-423.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jong Pil Kim; Sun Kwon Yoon; Gwangseob Kim; Young Il Moon. 2015. "Application of Very Short-Term Rainfall Forecasting to Urban Water Simulation using TREC Method." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association 48, no. 5: 409-423.

Journal article
Published: 20 May 2014 in KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering
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This research performed a case study to develop an integrated Flood Risk Index (FRI) considering hydrologic, socio-economic, and ecological components to assess watershed-based flood hazards and vulnerability in the Korean Han River Basin, where flood disasters frequently occur. We used fifteen indicators, which were standardized, weighted, and classified, to create an FRI map. Five categories of flood risk were distinguished: “very high”, “high”, “medium”, “low”, and “very low”. The results in ternary diagrams, illustrating the relative importance of the three components show that urban areas in the Korean Han River Basin have experienced a decrease of 1.0% in terms of the hydrologic component. However, the socio-economic and ecological components have increased by 3.2% and 4.4%, respectively. In rural areas, an increase of 4.8% was found in the hydrologic component alongside decreases in the socio-economic (1.6%) and ecological (2.2%) factors. In addition, the FRI map shows that 20.02% of the total area of the Han River Basin is classified as having “very high” or “high” flood risk; the size of this high-risk zone has increased significantly, by 7.12, since 1990. Despite the relatively small sample size and lack of data, the results presented here provide a quantified assessment of Han River flood risk combined with an integrated view of risk assessment and management for stakeholders and decision-makers.

ACS Style

Sun-Kwon Yoon; Jong-Suk Kim; Young-Il Moon. Integrated flood risk analysis in a changing climate: A case study from the Korean Han River Basin. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering 2014, 18, 1563 -1571.

AMA Style

Sun-Kwon Yoon, Jong-Suk Kim, Young-Il Moon. Integrated flood risk analysis in a changing climate: A case study from the Korean Han River Basin. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering. 2014; 18 (5):1563-1571.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sun-Kwon Yoon; Jong-Suk Kim; Young-Il Moon. 2014. "Integrated flood risk analysis in a changing climate: A case study from the Korean Han River Basin." KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering 18, no. 5: 1563-1571.

Journal article
Published: 30 April 2014 in Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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ACS Style

Jong Pil Kim; Kyung-Won Park; Il-Won Jung; Gwangseob Kim; Sun-Kwon Yoon. Validation of Multi-satellite Precipitation Products for Assessing their Potential Utility of Hydrological Application Over South Korea. Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 2014, 14, 85 -96.

AMA Style

Jong Pil Kim, Kyung-Won Park, Il-Won Jung, Gwangseob Kim, Sun-Kwon Yoon. Validation of Multi-satellite Precipitation Products for Assessing their Potential Utility of Hydrological Application Over South Korea. Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation. 2014; 14 (2):85-96.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jong Pil Kim; Kyung-Won Park; Il-Won Jung; Gwangseob Kim; Sun-Kwon Yoon. 2014. "Validation of Multi-satellite Precipitation Products for Assessing their Potential Utility of Hydrological Application Over South Korea." Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 14, no. 2: 85-96.

Journal article
Published: 30 July 2013 in Journal of The Korean Society of Civil Engineers
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ACS Style

Jong-Suk Kim; Sun-Kwon Yoon; Young-Il Moon. Development of Rating Curve for High Water Level in an Urban Stream using Monte Carlo Simulation. Journal of The Korean Society of Civil Engineers 2013, 33, 1433 -1446.

AMA Style

Jong-Suk Kim, Sun-Kwon Yoon, Young-Il Moon. Development of Rating Curve for High Water Level in an Urban Stream using Monte Carlo Simulation. Journal of The Korean Society of Civil Engineers. 2013; 33 (4):1433-1446.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jong-Suk Kim; Sun-Kwon Yoon; Young-Il Moon. 2013. "Development of Rating Curve for High Water Level in an Urban Stream using Monte Carlo Simulation." Journal of The Korean Society of Civil Engineers 33, no. 4: 1433-1446.

Journal article
Published: 28 February 2013 in Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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ACS Style

Sun-Kwon Yoon; Jong-Suk Kim; Hyun-Han Kwon. Different Impacts of the Two Phases of El Niño on Variability of Warm Season Rainfall and Frequency of Extreme Events over the Han River Basin. Journal of Korea Water Resources Association 2013, 46, 123 -137.

AMA Style

Sun-Kwon Yoon, Jong-Suk Kim, Hyun-Han Kwon. Different Impacts of the Two Phases of El Niño on Variability of Warm Season Rainfall and Frequency of Extreme Events over the Han River Basin. Journal of Korea Water Resources Association. 2013; 46 (2):123-137.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sun-Kwon Yoon; Jong-Suk Kim; Hyun-Han Kwon. 2013. "Different Impacts of the Two Phases of El Niño on Variability of Warm Season Rainfall and Frequency of Extreme Events over the Han River Basin." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association 46, no. 2: 123-137.

Journal article
Published: 31 December 2012 in Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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ACS Style

Jong-Suk Kim; Sun-Kwon Yoon; Young-Il Moon; Joo-Heon Lee. Atmospheric Circulation of Pacific-Japan (PJ) and Typhoon-induced Extremes in the Nakdong River Basin. Journal of Korea Water Resources Association 2012, 45, 1309 -1319.

AMA Style

Jong-Suk Kim, Sun-Kwon Yoon, Young-Il Moon, Joo-Heon Lee. Atmospheric Circulation of Pacific-Japan (PJ) and Typhoon-induced Extremes in the Nakdong River Basin. Journal of Korea Water Resources Association. 2012; 45 (12):1309-1319.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jong-Suk Kim; Sun-Kwon Yoon; Young-Il Moon; Joo-Heon Lee. 2012. "Atmospheric Circulation of Pacific-Japan (PJ) and Typhoon-induced Extremes in the Nakdong River Basin." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association 45, no. 12: 1309-1319.

Journal article
Published: 29 February 2008 in Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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ACS Style

Sun-Kwon Yoon; Si-Young Chun; Jong-Suk Kim; Young-Il Moon. Analysis of Hydraulic effects on Piers and Transverse Overflow Type Structures in Urban Stream. Journal of Korea Water Resources Association 2008, 41, 197 -212.

AMA Style

Sun-Kwon Yoon, Si-Young Chun, Jong-Suk Kim, Young-Il Moon. Analysis of Hydraulic effects on Piers and Transverse Overflow Type Structures in Urban Stream. Journal of Korea Water Resources Association. 2008; 41 (2):197-212.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sun-Kwon Yoon; Si-Young Chun; Jong-Suk Kim; Young-Il Moon. 2008. "Analysis of Hydraulic effects on Piers and Transverse Overflow Type Structures in Urban Stream." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association 41, no. 2: 197-212.