Swine enteric coronaviruses (SECoVs), including transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), and swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), are major enteric pathogens causing severe diarrhea, dehydration, high neonatal mortality, and substantial global economic losses. Rapid viral evolution and recombination continually generate antigenically diverse variants that limit cross-protection and undermine vaccine efficacy, particularly for PEDV genogroup II strains that now dominate worldwide circulation. This review synthesizes current knowledge on epidemiology, diagnostic innovations, and emerging vaccine platforms, with emphasis on advances since 2022. Recent progress includes molecular surveillance tools, rapid point-of-care diagnostics, and next-generation vaccine technologies such as mRNA-based and virus-like particle platforms. However, significant knowledge gaps persist regarding viral evolution dynamics, co-infection synergies, and zoonotic spillover potential, particularly following documented human infections with PDCoV. Effective long-term control requires integrated genomic surveillance, strengthened farm-level biosecurity, rationally designed multivalent vaccines targeting conserved epitopes, and harmonized international surveillance systems to reduce outbreak risk and enhance pandemic preparedness at the human–animal interface.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) continues to inflict devastating losses on global swine production. By systematically reviewing and meta-analysing 32 high-quality studies, we quantified the protective efficacy of PED vaccines and dissected how core variables shape that protection. Using fecal scores as the endpoint, we pooled effect sizes under a random-effects model and explored sources of heterogeneity through subgroup analyses. This analysis showed a pooled effect size (Hedges’ g) of −5.80, confirming that vaccination markedly alleviates diarrheal severity. Moreover, substantial heterogeneity was detected across studies. Stratified analyses revealed that vaccine type, vaccination target, vaccination route, and vaccination frequency are the principal sources of variation, all of which significantly influence vaccine efficacy. Conventional inactivated or live-attenuated formulations still dominate the field, but recombinant live-viral platforms are emerging. Piglets and sows represent the most responsive immunological targets. A two-dose regimen consistently outperforms a single injection, and delivery via intranasal, oral or intramuscular routes offers distinct advantages that can be exploited to maximise mucosal and systemic immunity. Overall, the optimal impact on PED prevention and control is achieved when the vaccine is correctly chosen and paired with an appropriate immunization protocol and delivery route.

Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is a highly contagious pathogen causing severe diarrhea in pigs, particularly piglets, leading to significant economic losses. Distinguishing TGEV from the genetically similar porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) remains challenging due to their high genomic homology. In this study, we developed a one–pot assay combining recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) and CRISPR/Cas13a technology, targeting the TGEV S gene. This method was optimized for sensitivity and specificity, with orthogonal tests determining the optimal reagent concentrations. The assay achieved a detection limit of 4.13 copies/µL within 40 min at 37 °C, demonstrating no cross-reactivity with other porcine viruses. Clinical validation on 140 samples showed 100% concordance with RT–qPCR and RT–PCR results. Since the established method is completed in a single reaction tube, it eliminates the need for step-by-step operations, simplifying the process and reducing the risk of cross–contamination and false positives in subsequent tests. Overall, this assay shows promising potential for TGEV detection.

Rapid and accurate pathogen detection is crucial to mitigating the significant economic impacts of infectious animal diseases. Recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) has emerged as a highly promising isothermal diagnostic tool, characterized by its rapid turnaround time, robust amplification efficiency, and single-copy analytical sensitivity. In veterinary diagnostics, RAA has evolved from single-pathogen proof-of-concept assays to become a promising technology for point-of-care scenarios. This review critically evaluates the integration of RAA with real-time fluorescence, CRISPR-Cas systems, lateral flow dipsticks (LFDs), and suspension microarray technologies, highlighting their impact on assay sensitivity and point-of-care (POC) applicability. Despite recent advancements, including encouraging progress in multiplexing and expanded applications in companion animal medicine, inherent challenges such as matrix effects in crude clinical samples, aerosol contamination risks, and commercialization barriers remain. By benchmarking RAA against traditional molecular methods and structurally similar technologies like recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), this review outlines future trajectories for optimizing RAA platforms, aiming to maximize their utility in routine veterinary surveillance and epidemiological control.

The economic value of goose down is attributed to its extensive application in the production of down-based clothing and related products. The primordium formation stage governs the proper morphogenesis of the feather follicle, while the Wnt signaling pathway serves a positive regulatory function during this stage. To identify critical miRNAs and molecular mechanisms regulating the development of goose feather follicle primordium, we performed transcriptomic sequencing of skin tissues collected from six geese at pre- and post-feather follicle primordium developmental stages. Bioinformatics analysis identified 350 differentially expressed miRNAs (DE miRNAs), which were functionally enriched in processes related to system development and multicellular organismal development, etc. As demonstrated by dual-luciferase reporter experiments, miR-200a binds directly to PITX2’s 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR). Furthermore, overexpression of miR-200a decreased the expression levels of genes linked to the Wnt pathway and suppressed the proliferation of GEDFs, as validated by RT-qPCR, CCK8, and EdU assays. Notably, co-transfection experiments demonstrated that miR-200a-mediated regulation of GEDF proliferation through the Wnt pathway is functionally dependent on PITX2. Collectively, this work expands the regulatory network underlying feather follicle development and provides a genetic foundation aimed at breeding geese with enhanced down production quality.