Introduction: The global increase in the elderly population has heightened the need to address nutritional risks in this vulnerable group. However, the relationship between overall dietary antioxidant intake and nutritional risk in the elderly remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate this association using the composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) and the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI).Methods: We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010–2018), focusing on 4,208 participants aged ≥65 years. CDAI was calculated based on the intake of vitamins A, C, E, selenium, zinc, and carotenoids, while GNRI was derived from serum albumin and body weight. Multivariate regression models were employed to assess associations between CDAI, individual dietary antioxidants, and GNRI. Smooth curve fitting and two-piecewise linear regression were further performed to identify the non-linear relationships and determine the corresponding inflection points.Results: A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between the CDAI and GNRI, indicating that increased dietary antioxidant intake is linked to reduced nutritional risk. Vitamin C, selenium, zinc, and carotenoids were strongly associated with higher GNRI scores, with vitamin C and zinc showing the most robust effects. Subgroup analyses further revealed that men, diabetic individuals, and those without cancer exhibited greater improvements in nutritional risk with higher CDAI levels. Threshold effect analysis identified an optimal range for CDAI, beyond which the nutritional benefits diminished.Conclusions: Our findings highlight the critical role of dietary antioxidants, especially vitamin C and zinc, in mitigating nutritional risk among the elderly. These results support the importance of balanced dietary intake of antioxidants to optimize nutritional health in aging populations.

Objective: The changes of absolute value and relative value of clinical research coordinator service fee and its influence on the quality of drug clinical trial were analyzed. Methods: This study compared the amount and structural changes of drug clinical trial costs in before 3 years and after 3 years of self-examination and inspection initiated by the China Food and Drug Administration, identified the increase number and composition of each individual cost of a clinical trial research funds which including clinical research coordinator service fee, investigator labor fee, subjects examination fee, subjects traffic subsidy, documents management fee, drug management fee, etc. Result: The most significant appearance of increase in volume and proportion was the clinical research coordinator service fee. From the initial few to the global multicenter tumor drug clinical trials RMB31,624 or 34.92% of the proportion and domestic multicenter tumor drug clinical trials RMB16,500, accounted for 33.74%. Discussion: It has become common for more money to be spent on clinical trials to be accompanied by improved quality, but the occurrence and continuous increase of clinical research coordinator service fee were divided into two aspects, On the one hand, the quality of clinical trials was promoted by the large amount of low-skill trivial work undertaken by clinical research coordinator; on the other hand, the quality of clinical trials was undermined by the fact that clinical research coordinator did too much treatment evaluation work that should have been done by the investigator. Conclusion: The clinical research coordinators’ access standards, pre-employment training and examination, job and performance evaluation, in addition to the SMO specification management and avoiding malicious competition between the industry, are important factors in the quality assurance of drug clinical trials.

Arterial thrombotic disease is a common and serious clinical medical problem. Nitric oxide (NO), as a therapeutic gas, can delay the progression of thrombosis and reduce tissue ischemia and hypoxia damage. However, systemic delivery of NO causes complications, and NO in the body is easily cleared by hemoglobin in the blood. In this study, we designed a lipid microbubble carrying NO (NO-MBs) combined with ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) technology to achieve targeted delivery of NO under real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasound monitoring. The good stability of the NO-MBs was demonstrated by examining the changes in diameter, concentration and contrast-enhanced ultrasound intensity with time. Moreover, in vivo and in vitro thrombolysis experiments, it was confirmed that the combination of NO-MBs and UTMD could accelerate arterial thrombolysis. Meanwhile, the levels of inflammatory factors, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in vascular tissue after treatment were detected, which showed that NO-MBs could significantly reduce the inflammatory response and oxidative stress induced by thromboembolism. In addition, so as to‌ evaluate the safety of the NO-MBs UTMD treatment strategy, MTT assay, hemolysis test, detection of serum biochemical indicators, and H&E staining of major organs were performed. The results showed that this treatment strategy had excellent biosafety. In conclusion, the NO-MBs UTMD treatment strategy has great potential in the treatment of arterial thrombotic diseases.