In this work, it is taken into account that in nature, due to pressure and temperature, water drops in general are either spherical or ellipsoidal. Thus, starting from a more general structure, a 3D elliptical surface (oblate spheroid) is constructed, which, by means of parameters, can be turned into a spherical shape. Hexagons are built on a rectangular horizontal plane, then this plane is passed through an elliptical surface at height h, which is determined by a parameter $\theta$. As a result of the cutting of these surfaces, a curve and a plane are obtained, both horizontal ellipsoidal; if these hexagons are within the perimeter of the horizontal ellipse obtained as a function of $\theta$, they are marked with an N, and if they are outside the perimeter, they are marked with an E. Several frozen nucleation centers are established, either in the same layer or in different planes, marking them with an F and their first eight neighbors with a B. The calculations based on a modified snowflake model are carried out tile by tile and layer by layer, governed by the thermodynamic factors $\alpha$, $\beta$, and $\gamma$, leading to results that depend on the position of the nucleator, which can be symmetrical or asymmetrical for a snowflake with more than one nucleation center and an external surface formed by water vapor that functions as a membrane.

It is well know that the Sun position, measured over the heart surface is a function of the latitude and the hour of a particular day. Usually, the Sun follows a different path from one day to the next, and this is determined by the azimuth and zenith angles. The analytical calculations for determining the angular position at any time (solar hour) are an overwhelming task. We use the Mathematica® software to write a home code for determining at any time (in intervals of one minute) and latitude, the azimuth and zenith angles of the Sun for every day of the year. In order to show general results of interest, in this work we present the annual distribution of the angular positions and the length of the day (hours of light) for the 21 degrees of latitude. This information could be used for optimizing the orientation of solar panels and collectors and for the design of cheap houses where the walls can be exposed to the minimal solar incidence.

This work explores the morphogenesis of the skeletal mineral component, with a specific emphasis on hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystal assembly. Bone is fundamentally a triphasic biomaterial, consisting of an inorganic mineral phase, an organic matrix, and an aqueous component. The inorganic phase (hydroxyapatite), is characterized by its hexagonal prismatic nanocrystalline structure. We leverage a cellular automata (CA) paradigm to computationally simulate the mineralization process, leading to the formation of the bone’s hydroxyapatite framework. This model exclusively considers the physicochemical aspects of bone formation, intentionally excluding the biological interactions that govern in vivo skeletal development. To optimize computational efficiency, a simplified anatomical segment of a long bone (e.g., the femur) is modeled. This geometric simplification encompasses an outer ellipsoidal cylindrical boundary (periosteal envelope), an inner ellipsoidal surface defining the interface between cortical and cancellous bone, and a central circular cylindrical lumen representing the medullary cavity, which accommodates the bone marrow and primary vasculature. The CA methodology is applied to generate the internal bone microarchitecture, while deliberately omitting the design of smaller, secondary vascular channels.

El pensamiento matemático es una habilidad importante para el ingreso a la universidad por su correlación con otras variables de éxito académico. Por ello, se planteó el objetivo de analizar y comparar el pensamiento matemático de los aspirantes a las licenciaturas de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán (UADY) en el proceso del 2023. Para ello, se elaboró una base de datos con los 11,776 aspirantes y se realizó un estudio analítico comparativo. Los resultados indican que el 29% de los aspirantes es admitido y que el campus con una mayor demanda de aspirantes se encuentra en el campus de Ciencias de la Salud lo que lo hace de mayor competencia y menor probabilidad para ingresar a una licenciatura. El campus con mayor probabilidad de admisión es la Unidad Multidisciplinaria Tizimín, con el 57.3% de admisión. Por otro lado, también se encontró que el campus con mayor puntaje de pensamiento matemático fue el de Ciencias de la Salud, y el de menor puntaje fue la Unidad Multidisciplinaria Tizimín. Las estadísticas descriptivas ponen en evidencia que existen estudiantes que fueron admitidos debido a su puntuación global del EXANI-2 pero que tienen una puntuación baja de pensamiento matemático. Se concluye que el pensamiento matemático es un factor importante para los estudiantes de nuevo ingreso y que garantizar esta habilidad eleva los estándares académicos y científicos de la universidad como una institución de formación académica y científica.