Quercetin, a major representative of the favonol subclass found abundantly in almost all edible vegetables and fruits, showed re markable therapeutic properties and was benefcial in numerous degenerative diseases by preventing lipid peroxidation. Quercetin is benefcial in diferent diseases, such as atherosclerosis and chronic infammation. Tis study aims to fnd out the anticancer activities of quercetin and to determine diferent mechanisms and pathways which are responsible for the anticancer efect. It also revealed the biopharmaceutical, toxicological characteristics, and clinical utilization of quercetin to evaluate its suitability for further investigations as a reliable anticancer drug. All of the relevant data concerning this compound with cancer was collected using diferent scientifc search engines, including PubMed, Springer Link, Wiley Online, Web of Science, SciFinder, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Tis review demonstrated that quercetin showed strong anticancer properties, including apoptosis, inhibition of cell proliferation, autophagy, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of angiogenesis, and inhibition of invasion and migration against various types of cancer. Findings also revealed that quercetin could signifcantly moderate and regulate diferent pathways, including PI3K/AKT-mTORC1 pathway, JAK/STATsignaling system, MAPK signaling pathway, MMP signaling pathway, NF-κB pathway, and p-Camk2/p-DRP1 pathway. However, this study found that quercetin showed poor oral bioavailability due to reduced absorption; this limitation is overcome by applying nanotechnology (nanoformulation of quercetin). Moreover, diferent investigations revealed that quercetin expressed no toxic efect in the investigated subjects. Based on the view of these fndings, it is demonstrated that quercetin might be considered a reliable chemotherapeutic drug candidate in the treatment of diferent cancers. However, more clinical studies are suggested to establish the proper therapeutic efcacy, safety, and human dose.

Due to the increasing rate of cancer and the undesirable consequences of manufactured drugs, there is a growing interest in the development of natural products as potential remedies. Ferulic acid (FA), a phenolic substance, is found naturally present in the Ferula foetida plant’s cell walls with therapeutic activities. The objective of this study is to determine the botanical sources, pharmacokinetics, and anticancer activity of FA and its derivatives, focusing on the molecular mechanism by using the data obtained from the literature database. The study’s findings suggest that FA demonstrates promising anticancer effects in preclinical pharmacological test methods. The findings of the study exhibit that FA showed promising anticancer activity through underlying mechanisms, including induction of oxidative stress, cytotoxic effect, cell cycle arrest, apoptotic effect, suppression of invasion and migration, antiproliferative effect, autophagy, and genotoxic and mutagenic effect by regulating different molecular pathways like PI3K/AKT, p38/MAPK/ERK, AKT/mTOR, and NF‐ κ B signaling pathways which are involved in cancer development and cell growth. Additionally, this review indicated the pharmacokinetic properties of FA, indicating lower oral bioavailability is affected by the liver’s fast conjugation process; this limitation is overcome by applying a nanoformulation of FA. However, additional clinical investigations are recommended to determine the appropriate therapeutic effectiveness, safety, and human dosage.

Introduction: Decursin is a pyranocoumarin natural phytochemical found in the Angelica gigas Nakai herb, which shows various therapeutic properties and beneficial effects against various diseases. Objective: The aim of this study was to find the anticancer potential of decursin and its molecular mechanisms involved with different anticancer effects. Methodology: All of the relevant data concerning this compound and cancer were collected using different scientific search engines, including PubMed, Scopus, Springer Link, Wiley Online, Web of Science, Scifinder, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Results: This study found that decursin shows anticancer properties through various mechanisms, such as apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of cell proliferation, autophagy, inhibition of angiogenesis, cytotoxicity, and the inhibition of invasion and migration against a number of cancers, including breast, bladder, lung, colon, skin, ovarian, prostate, pancreatic, and bone cancers. This study also discovered that decursin has the ability to affect several signaling pathways in the molecular anticancer mechanisms, such as the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT, and MAPK signaling pathways. Findings also revealed that decursin expresses poor oral bioavailability. Conclusions: Based on the data analysis from this literature-based study, decursin has properties to be considered as a potential candidate in the treatment of cancer. However, more clinical research is suggested to establish proper efficacy, safety, and human dosage.

Background: Lonicerin (LON) has been identified to have different biological properties, such as anticancer, anti‐inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective. This study aims to assess the sedative effect of LON in Swiss albino mice, which is yet to be discovered.Materials and Methods: Mice were treated with two different doses of LON (5 and 10 mg/kg) and 2 mg/kg of diazepam (DZP), which is the referral GABAergic medication, and the latency time and sleeping duration of animals were observed. A computational study was also conducted to evaluate the docking scores and display the binding sites of LON and receptor (GABA_A α1 and β2 subunits). The study also investigated the pharmacokinetics and drug‐likeness properties of LON along with toxicological analysis by using SwissADME and Protox‐3 software, respectively.Results: Findings revealed that the higher concentration of LON reduced the latency (9.86 ± 1.44 min) and increased the sleep duration (191.29 ± 7.43 min) compared to the lower concentration. Besides, the combination group of LON and DZP showed the lowest latency (6.17 ± 0.82 min) and highest sleeping time (219.00 ± 6.39 min). In the in silico study, LON exhibited a strong docking score (−8.1 kcal/mol) with the macromolecules, which is closer to the binding affinity of DZP (–8.3 kcal/mol), indicating that LON could show strong sedative activity by binding with the GABA_A receptor. Computational toxicity analysis revealed that LON is non‐hepatotoxic, non‐neurotoxic, noncarcinogenic, noncytotoxic, non‐ecotoxic, and non‐mutagenic.Conclusion: Therefore, LON may be effective for the treatment of insomnia in the near future.

Mefloquine (MFQ) is an effective medication for the prevention and treatment of malaria. However, it has anticancer effects found in the literature. The main focus of this study is to review the anticancer activity of MFQ and also find the macromolecules or receptors that are mainly responsible for anticancer activity. For this reason, data was gathered (as of June 30, 2024) by utilizing a variety of reliable and well-known search engines. The molecular docking of MFQ with the selected macromolecules was performed. Our study findings showed that MFQ strongly showed anticancer activity by inhibiting proliferation, tumor growth, mitochondrial respiration, PI3K, MMP, IKK activation, Bcl-2, MCl-1, XIAP, and induced cell death, apoptosis, ROS, and PARP. In addition, an in silico study demonstrated that MFQ showed the highest binding affinity (–8.7 kcal/mol) against PI3K, whereas co-crystal ligand exhibited –8.6 kcal/mol binding affinity. The study also predicted that MFQ has better pharmacokinetics and toxicity parameters. However, we recommend additional evaluation and clinical research to further explore MFQ as a reliable PI3K inhibitor and an anticancer agent.