In economies, cleaner technology, increased demand for renewable energy, and more efficient use of natural resources contribute to meeting environmental sustainability targets. The Chinese economy is no exception in its attempts to conserve economic and natural resources via collaborative efforts to embrace cleaner technology, green energy sources, and resource conservation management to preserve resources for future generations. This research examines the influence of cleaner technologies, green energy sources, and natural resource management on reducing greenhouse gas emissions using quarterly data for the Chinese economy from 2000Q1 to 2020Q4. The findings demonstrate that increasing demand for green energy reduces greenhouse gas emissions, hence substantiating the premise of ‘green is clean’ energy development. Additionally, optimum resource usage enhances environmental quality, corroborating the ‘resource cleaner blessing’ hypothesis. The positive link between inward foreign direct investment and greenhouse gas emissions substantiates the ‘pollution haven’ concept, according to which inward foreign direct investment uses unsustainable technology in manufacturing processes, hence degrading air quality indicators. Inadequate access to clean cooking technology and increased population density has a detrimental effect on the country’s environmental sustainability agenda, which must be corrected via sustainable regulations. The causality estimates show the feedback relationship between renewable energy demand (and economic growth) and cleaner technology, between economic growth and green energy (and inbound foreign direct investment), and between population density and economic growth (and green energy). The Impulse Response function estimates suggested that economic growth and population density would likely increase GHG emissions. In contrast, cleaner technology, green energy demand, natural resource management, and inbound foreign direct investment would likely decrease greenhouse gas emissions for the next ten-year time period. The sustainability of the environment and natural resources in China is bolstered by developing cleaner technologies, a greater reliance on renewable energy sources, and better management of natural resources.

The study aims to analyze the role of coronavirus testing capacity to possibly reduce the case fatality ratio (CFR) in a large cross-section of countries. The study controlled health-care expenditures, logistics performance index (LPI), carbon damages, and corporate social responsibility (CSR) to understand the nature of causation between the CFR and stated factors. The study used a cross-sectional regression apparatus for coefficient estimates and variance decomposition analysis (VDA) for forecasting relationships between the variables over time. The results confirmed the W-shaped relationship between CFR and case-to-test ratio (CTR) in the presence of a LPI that exacerbates the CFR cases across countries. The VDA estimates suggest that carbon damages, logistics activities, and CSR are likely to influence CFR over time. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the study is believed to be the first study that assesses the W-shaped relationship between the CFR and CTR in the presence of dynamic variables, which helps to formulate long-term sustainable health-care policies worldwide.

The significance of women entrepreneurs in creating jobs and driving social and economic progress cannot be overstated. In less developed economies like Pakistan, the participation and impact of women entrepreneurs are notably lower as compared to more advanced nations. This research aims to investigate the effect of informal institutions on venture creation in Pakistan within the framework of institutional theory. Employing a quantitative approach, the study concentrates on women entrepreneurs operating in Hazara and Peshawar divisions. Data collection involved the utilization of five point Likert scale questionnaire through simple random sampling. Empirical analysis of the collected data was executed employing the path analysis methodology within the framework of structural equation modeling (SEM) facilitated by Smart PLS 3. Findings from the research revealed a significant positive impact between informal institutional support in women entrepreneurship and venture creation. The study underscores the significance of government and relevant bodies focusing on critical determinants such as family support, fear of failure, and social networking to enhance the landscape of venture creation. This research contributes to the theoretical literature and sheds light to bring clarity to the particular role of informal institutional factors generally, social networking, family support and fear of failure constraints in enhancing venture creation. It's crucial to evolve women entrepreneurship support programs by government. These programs necessarily address the unique challenges being faced by women when handling the informal institutions. Raising awareness and stimulating societal norms and stereotypes that curtail women’s economic participation is decisive. Launching campaigns to mold societal perceptions can aid break down gender-based obstructions and promote a more comprehensive entrepreneurial setting.

Purpose: This paper intends to examine the challenges towards knowledge sharing within four sub sectors of Pakistan’s Oil & Gas industry, i.e. E&P Upstream, Field service providers, Midstream and Downstream. It is accomplished by conducting a focused quantitative research & subsequent statistical analysis on the perceptions of O&G professionals towards various challenges of knowledge sharing at organizational level. Research Design/Methodology/Approach: The research employed a questionnaire based quantitative study comprising of 27 closed ended questions for collecting insights of O&G professionals towards challenges of Knowledge sharing. Based upon 286 responses collected from all four subsectors of Pakistan’s O&G industry, correlation and regression analysis were applied to assess the various challenges towards the process of knowledge sharing. Findings: Good level of interpersonal trust among employees, Adequate communication, Knowledge as a power, Low organizational hierarchy, Efficacious rewards & recognition mechanisms and Existence of IT tools have a positive impact on the process of knowledge sharing. Research Limitations/Implications: Research was focused on the O&G sector of Pakistan, and thus it can’t be generalized to any other sector or country. Originality/Value: This study fulfills the insufficiency of research regarding challenges of KS within all sub sectors of Pakistan’s O&G sector. It lists down the key challenges of KS & thus provides an insight for enhancing the culture of KS at organizational level.

The elementary step to tackling disaster risk is to understand the risk perception of inhabitants, which might assist in determining how likely someone is to prepare for calamities. Risk perception is considered a vital agent for the preparedness strategies of disaster risk reduction. The most vital requirement of multi-hazard areas is to improve management strategies based on the risk perception of inhabitants. This study aims to assess how university students perceive risk in the multi-hazardous area of Muzaffarabad in Pakistan. The components used to measure risk perception were fear, awareness, behavior, and trust. A detailed review of the literature was used to identify the indicators, and an index-based method was used to calculate the overall risk perception. A structured survey method was used to collect data on the students' perceptions based on gender. Chi-square and Student's t-tests were used to determine how male and female students perceive the risk of different hazards. The results have shown that university students have different perceptions of risk regarding hazards. The study indicates that gender-specific disaster risk management techniques are crucial for effective and inclusive response and readiness strategies among male and female students in multi-hazard locations.