A new optical sensor was developed for rapid screening with high sensitivity for the existence of biogenic amines (BAs) in poultry meat samples. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with particle size 11–19 nm function as a fast and sensitive biosensor for detection of histamine resulting from bacterial decarboxylation of histidine as a spoilage marker for stored poultry meat. Upon reaction with histamine, the red color of the GNPs converted into deep blue. The appearance of blue color favorably coincides with the concentration of BAs that can induce symptoms of poisoning. This biosensor enables a semi-quantitative detection of analyte in real samples by eye-vision. Quality evaluation is carried out by measuring histamine and histidine using different analytical techniques such as UV–vis, FTIR, and fluorescence spectroscopy as well as TEM. A rapid quantitative readout of samples by UV–vis and fluorescence methods with standard instrumentation were proposed in a short time unlike chromatographic and electrophoretic methods. Sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD) of 6.59 × 10−4 and 0.6 μM, respectively, are determined for histamine as a spoilage marker with a correlation coefficient (R 2) of 0.993.

A novel derivative of ibuprofen and salicylaldehyde N′-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-(4-isobutylphenyl) propane hydrazide (HL) was synthesized, followed by its complexation with Cu, Ni, Co, Gd, and Sm. The compounds obtained were characterized by ¹HNMR, mass spectrometry, UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis (DTA and TGA), conductivity measurements, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The results indicate that the complexes formed were [Cu(L)(H₂O)]Cl·2H₂O, [Ni(L)₂], [Co(L)₂]·H₂O, [Gd(L)₂(H₂O)₂](NO₃)·2H₂O and [Sm(L)₂(H₂O)₂](NO₃)·2H₂O. The surface characteristics of the produced compounds were evaluated by DFT calculations using the MOE environment. The docking was performed against the COX2 targeting protein (PDB code: 5IKT Homo sapiens). The binding energies were −7.52, −9.41, −9.51, −8.09, −10.04, and −8.05 kcal/mol for HL and the Co, Ni, Cu, Sm, and Gd complexes, respectively, which suggests the enhancement of anti-inflammatory behaviors compared with the binding energy of ibuprofen (−5.38 kcal/mol). The anti-inflammatory properties of the new compounds were assessed in vitro using the western blot analysis method and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), consistent with the outcomes obtained from docking. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values are 4.9, 1.7, 3.7, 5.6, 2.9, and 2.3 µM for HL and the Co, Ni, Cu, Sm, and Gd complexes, respectively, showing that they are more effective inhibitors of COX2 than ibuprofen (IC₅₀ = 31.4 µM). The brain or intestinal estimated permeation method (BOILED-Egg) showed that HL and its Co complex have high gastrointestinal absorption, while only the free ligand has high brain penetration. The binding constants of Co, Cu, and Gd complexes with DNA were recorded as 2.20 × 10⁴, 2.27 × 10^6, and 4.46 × 10³ M⁻¹, respectively, indicating the intercalator behavior of interaction. The newly synthesized ibuprofen derivative and its metal complexes showed greater anti-inflammatory activity than ibuprofen.

A new ibuprofen derivative, (E)-2-(4-isobutylphenyl)-N′-(4-oxopentan-2-ylidene) propane hydrazide (IA), was synthesized, along with its metal complexes with Co, Cu, Ni, Gd, and Sm, to investigate their anti-inflammatory efficacy and COX-2 inhibition potential. Comprehensive characterization, including ¹H NMR, MS, FTIR, UV–vis spectroscopy, and DFT analysis, were employed to determine the structural configurations, revealing unique motifs for Gd/Sm (capped square antiprismatic/tricapped trigonal prismatic) and Cu/Ni/Co (octahedral) complexes. Molecular docking with the COX-2 enzyme (PDB code: 5IKT) and pharmacokinetic assessments through SwissADME indicated that these compounds have superior binding energies and pharmacokinetic profiles, including BBB permeability and gastrointestinal absorption, compared to the traditional ibuprofen standalone. Their significantly lower IC50 values further suggest a higher efficacy as anti-inflammatory agents and COX-2 inhibitors. These research findings not only introduce promising ibuprofen derivatives for therapeutic applications but also set the stage for future validation and exploration of this new generation of ibuprofen compounds.

Novel composites of Ag and ZnO nanoparticles with prepared transition metal complexes were obtained. The transition metal complexes are obtained by the interaction of the ligand N,N’-bis(salicylaldehyde)-o-phenylenediamine(H₂B) with some transition metal ions (Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II)). The structures of the ligand and the formed complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, UV-Vis, ¹HNMR, mass spectra, thermal (TG/DTA), magnetic and conductivity measurements. The obtained complexes have the molecular formula [MB(H₂O)_x]. yH₂O. The found conductivity revealed the non-electrolytic behavior of the formed complexes. The magnetic susceptibility and UV-Vis spectra indicated the octahedral structure of the formed complexes. The thermodynamic and kinetic parameters are estimated for the formed complexes. The interaction of the formed compounds with the FM-DNA was tested. The evaluation of the binding constant (K_b) using Bensi-Hildebrand plot, revealed the moderate interaction with electrostatic behavior. Silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared and characterized by XRD, UV-Vis, FTIR spectra and TEM analysis. The biological activity of the synthesized composites of Ag and ZnO nanoparticles with the prepared transition metal complexes were tested against some Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria as well as Fungi. The obtained inhibition zone supported the enhancement in the activity of the prepared compounds towards the target microorganism after forming the composites. Also, the interaction with the E.coli protein (FabH, PDB code: 1HNJ) was tested and evaluated using the docking operation with aid of some computational chemistry software. The obtained results agreed well with our experimental work.