Total internal reflection ellipsometry was employed for the excitation and study of hybrid Tamm plasmon‐surface plasmon polaritons mode. Simple optical methodology using optical filters to cut the part of incident light spectra was proposed. Using optical filters measured energy spectra was divided into two parts where in each range only one branch of the hybrid TPP‐SPP plasmonic mode was excited directly by the incident light. Present experimental studies have shown, that if the investigated system is in strong coupling, this is always enough to excite only one component of the hybrid excitation. Thus, its dispersion relation will be the same as when the excitation is done with a whole spectrum. In the case of the TPP‐SPP hybrid mode where strong coupling is realized only in p‐polarized light, the fitting results have shown that the strongest coupling was at the point where the noninteracting TPP and SPP curves should be crossing. The obtained Rabi splitting for the hybrid TPP and SPP modes in BK7 prism/1D PC TiO ₂ /SiO ₂ (60 nm/110 nm)/TiO ₂ (30 nm)/Au (40 nm) multilayered structure was about 105 meV.

The total internal reflection ellipsometry (TIRE) method was used for the excitation and study of the strong coupling between a Tamm plasmon polariton (TPP) and a surface plasmon polariton (SPP) in nanophotonic structures with 1D photonic crystals (PCs) and a gold nano-bumps lattice array on the top. Recent studies have shown that lattice of gold nano-bumps induced the generation of an additional Bragg mode, related with the lattice period which is not involved in the strong coupling of the hybrid TPP–SPP polaritonic mode. The detailed analysis has shown that the propagation length of the SPP increased, while the TPP decreased, due to the formation of an additional Bragg mode. The optical dispersion and propagation features of plasmons in 1D PCs with a uniform gold layer and the lattice of gold nano-bumps array were analysed by two coupled oscillator models and by wave vector vs. energy broadening. For the nanostructures with a uniform gold layer, the evaluated propagation length was δ_SPP ≈ 5.5–6.5 μm and δ_TPP ≈ 6.5–9.5 μm for SPP and TPP components in the hybrid polaritonic mode, respectively. Meanwhile, the changes induced by the periodic gold surface lattice resulted in a longer propagation length for the SPP component, where δ_SPPlattice ≈ 7–10.5 μm, and a decreasing length for TPP, where δ_TPPlattice ≈ 5.5–8.5 μm. The obtained results demonstrate a novel approach to control and change the propagation length under the strong coupling regime between TPP and SPP components in the hybrid plasmonic mode by using surface lattice arrays. The fabricated nanophotonic–plasmonic structures show the potential impact of direct laser writing (DLW) as a cost-effective, fast and large area coverage method for creating integrated photonic devices with designed properties, in this case changing the propagation length and coherence properties in the hybrid plasmonic mode. The application of surface lattice resonances together with the strong coupling regime leads to decreasing losses, resulting in the increasing propagation length and improved coherence properties of such plasmonic excitations, which, in turn, promises advanced properties for low electrical consumption or thresholdless plasmonic-based coherent emission nano-sources.

The total internal refection ellipsometry (TIRE) method was used for the generation and study of the hybrid TPP-SPP mode on a photonic crystal structure with a thin layer of silver and graphene/PMMA. Raman spectroscopy showed a consistent monolayer graphene present on the Ag layer. Recent studies have also shown that TPP and SPP components in the hybrid plasmonic mode is sensitive to the variation of coupling strength due to presence of the graphene monolayer. The decrease of the TPP and SPP dip components in the TPP-SPP hybrid mode can be explained by the changes of the conductivity of the silver layer due to the presence of this additional graphene/PMMA structure, which results in the non-optimal resonance conditions for the hybrid plasmonic mode. The modified positions of the TPP and SPP components in the wavelength spectra when compared to their original, separate excitations, indicates a strong coupling regime. The design of these hybrid plasmonic/graphene-based nanostructures has attractive capabilities for the development of advanced optical sensors and integrated optical circuit technologies.

Low-cost 1D plasmonic photonic structures supporting Tamm plasmon polaritons and cavity modes were employed for optical signal enhancement, modifying the commercially available quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) sensor chip in a combinatorial spectroscopic ellipsometry and quartz microbalance method. The Tamm plasmon optical state and cavity mode (CM) for the modified mQCM-D sample obtained sensitivity of ellipsometric parameters to RIU of Ψ_TPP = 126.78 RIU⁻¹ and Δ_TPP = 325 RIU⁻¹, and Ψ_CM = 264 RIU⁻¹ and Δ_CM = 645 RIU⁻¹, respectively. This study shows that Tamm plasmon and cavity modes exhibit about 23 and 49 times better performance of ellipsometric parameters, respectively, for refractive index sensing than standard spectroscopic ellipsometry on a QCM-D sensor chip. It should be noted that for the optical biosensing signal readout, the sensitivity of Tamm plasmon polaritons and cavity modes are comparable with and higher than the standard QCM-D sensor chip. The different origin of Tamm plasmon polaritons (TPP) and cavity mode (CM) provides further advances and can determine whether the surface (TPP) or bulk process (CM) is dominating. The dispersion relation feature of TPP, namely the direct excitation without an additional coupler, allows the possibility to enhance the optical signal on the sensing surface. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study and application of the TPP and CM in the combinatorial SE-QCM-D method for the enhanced readout of ellipsometric parameters.

In this study, the sensitivity to the refractive index changes of the ambient was studied on the uniform gold film (~50 nm) with a 1D photonic crystal (PC) from periodic five TiO₂ (~110 nm)/SiO₂ (~200 nm) bilayers and gold nano-bumps array produced by direct laser writing on the same sample. The optical signal sensitivity of hybrid plasmonic resonances was compared with traditional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) on a single gold layer. The influence of the strong coupling regime between Tamm plasmon polariton (TPP) and propagated plasmon polaritons in the hybrid plasmonic modes on the sensitivity of the optical was discussed. Recent studies have shown very high hybrid plasmonic mode sensitivity S_HSPP ≈ 26,000 nm/RIU to the refractive index on the uniform gold layer; meanwhile, the introduction of gold lattice reduces the signal sensitivity, but increases the Q-factor of the plasmonic resonances. Despite this, the sensitivity to the ellipsometric parameters Ψ and Δ on the gold lattice was rather high due to the increased Q-factor of the resonances. The comparison of plasmonic resonance sensitivity to the refractive index changes of hybrid TPP-SPP mode on the uniform gold layer and traditional SPR have shown that hybrid plasmonic mode, due to a strong coupling effect, overcomes the SPR by about 27%.

Strong light–matter interactions have received a lot of attention, for example in the pursuit of plasmonic‐excitonic structures as coherent light sources with low‐power threshold. In this study, we investigate the influence of room temperature strong coupling between surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) and excitons on fluorescence lifetimes and photobleaching effects. Our plasmonic‐photonic structure, comprising of thin silver (Ag) and gold (Au) layers with a Rhodamine 6G (R6G) dye layer, shows a clear shift in the plasmon resonance and R6G absorption lines with varying incident angles, indicative of strong coupling, with a measured Rabi splitting of approximately 90 meV. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) was then employed to assess photobleaching, revealing a significant reduction in photobleaching effect for in strongly coupled plasmonic‐excitonic structures compared to single Rhodamine R6G layers. Our findings indicate the pivotal role of strong light–matter interactions in reducing photobleaching effects and stabilizing fluorescence intensities, offering promising avenues for developing quantum multiparticle nanophotonic devices with enhanced stability and performance.