Background: The use of digital technologies, such as mobile apps, Zoom (Zoom Communications), virtual reality, and video games, to promote physical activity in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been increasing. However, there are no studies using ChatGPT (OpenAI), a popular tool in recent years, for promoting physical activity in children with ASD. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and potential effectiveness of ChatGPT-delivered physical activity interventions in children with ASD. Methods: A total of 26 families (parent-child dyads) participated in the study. Families were randomly assigned to an application group (n=13) and a control group (n=13). In the application group, parents implemented physical activities recommended by ChatGPT for their children with ASD. Data were collected using the Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (LTEQ) and a feasibility questionnaire. Results: Parents reported that ChatGPT-delivered physical activities were a feasible intervention to increase physical activity levels in children with ASD. They also found the activity content suggested by ChatGPT to be interesting and useful. LTEQ measurements corroborated these findings, showing a significant increase in the physical activity levels of children in the intervention group after the intervention. Conclusions: The results suggest that ChatGPT-delivered physical activities could be a promising intervention to enhance physical activity in children with ASD. Further investigation is warranted.

Bu araştırmanın amacı, down sendromu olan çocukların fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ile aile yaşam kaliteleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Araştırma, nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama modelinde tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmaya Adıyaman ilinde ikamet eden ve down sendromu olan çocuğa sahip 60 ebeveyn (anne: 44, baba: 16) katılmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak "Serbest Zaman Egzersiz Anketi" ve "Beach Center Aile Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği" kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde basit doğrusal regresyon analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, down sendromu olan çocukların fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin aile yaşam kalitesi geneli ile aile yaşam kalitesi alt boyutları olan ebeveynlik, duygusal yeterlik, fiziksel/finansal/materyal yeterliği ve yetersizliğe ilişkin desteğin anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olduğunu göstermiştir. Buna karşın, down sendromu olan çocukların fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ile aile yaşam kalitesi alt boyutu olan aile etkileşimi arasında yordayıcı bir ilişki olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar bağlamında, down sendromu olan çocukların aile yaşam kalitelerini ve aile yaşam kalitelerinin önemli bir bileşeni olan aile etkileşimini geliştirmek için ailenin diğer üyelerinin de katılımının sağlandığı fiziksel aktivitelerin düzenlenmesi önerilmektedir.

In this study, it is aimed to scientifically reveal the changes that may occur in sedentary individuals with fitness and kettlebell training for 10 weeks and to compare these two different training practices. The research group of the study consists of sedentary individuals residing in Bayburt province. The participants included in the study first had anthropometric measurements (height, body weight, skinfold thickness, circumference measurements), diameter measurements, digital back-leg dynamometer measurement, vertical jump performance measurement, maximal 1 repetition "squat" performance measurement, and maximal 1 repetition "deadlift" performance measurement. The participants were randomly divided into two groups and included in the kettlebell and fitness training groups. As a result of the fitness training performed regularly for 10 weeks, it was observed that there were statistically significant differences between the pretest-posttest scores of the participants in shoulder diameter, chest diameter, arm diameter, squat, deadlift, sled, countermovement jump (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ). As a result of the kettlebell training performed regularly for 10 weeks, it was observed that there were statistically significant differences between the pretest-posttest scores of the participants in shoulder diameter, thigh diameter, squat, deadlift, sled, CMJ, SJ and back-leg strength. As a result, it can be said that fitness and kettlebell training are effective training types on the change of physical parameters of sedentary individuals.

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare and evaluate the upper extremity muscle architecture of individuals with and without intellectual disability by examining them using ultrasonography. The study aims to fill the gap in the literature regarding the muscle architecture of these individuals and to offer suggestions for increasing muscle health through physical activities. Methods: The physical activity level of 27 individuals with intellectual disabilities according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire data was compared with 27 healthy individuals in a similar category. The images of the dominant side upper extremity muscles of both groups were examined by ultrasonography on different days and at the same time zone. In addition to ultrasound measurements, the individuals' hand grip strengths were determined. The images obtained with ultrasound were examined in the publicly available Image J program and the individuals' muscle thickness was determined. Results: It was determined that the hand region dorsal interosseous muscle, forearm ulna circumference muscles, upper arm anterior and posterior muscles and anterior deltoideus muscle thicknesses of individuals with intellectual disability were significantly lower than the individuals without intellectual disability. In addition, the grip strengths of these individuals were significantly lower than those of the control group. Conclusion: It is recommended that individuals with intellectual disabilities participate in programs that include resistance exercises, especially targeting the upper extremity muscle groups, in order to protect themselves from musculoskeletal problems such as sarcopenia and to increase their grip strength. It is thought that sports that support both physical and social participation, such as Boccia, may be beneficial for these individuals. In addition, this study provides unique guidance to trainers, physiotherapists and coaches, as it is one of the first studies in the literature to evaluate muscle architecture with ultrasonography in individuals with intellectual disabilities.

Bu araştırma kapsamında, İnsan Anatomisi ve Kinesiyolojisi dersi öğretiminde kullanılan farklı materyallerin öğrenme kalıcılığına etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, 2023-2024 eğitim-öğretim yılında Bayburt Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi Spor Yöneticiliği Bölümü birinci sınıf öğrencilerinden 45 öğrenci çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Ön test-son test kontrol gruplu deneysel desen kullanılarak, her biri 15 kişiden oluşan 3 grup rastgele atama yöntemiyle oluşturulmuştur. Ders kapsamında hazırlanan ön test uygulanmıştır. Haftada 1 saat olacak şekilde toplam 8 hafta boyunca ders işlenmiştir. Birinci gruba yalnızca anatomik modellerle bilgi aktarımı yapılırken, ikinci gruba anatomik modeller ile slayt gösterimi yapılmıştır. Üçüncü gruba ise yalnızca slayt gösterimi ile eğitim verilmiştir. Verilerin analiz sürecinde, ilk olarak tanımlayıcı istatistikler yapılmıştır. Grupların elde ettikleri başarı puanları arasındaki farkların sınanması için tek yönlü ANOVA ve bağımlı örneklemler için t-testi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, İnsan Anatomisi ve Kinesiyolojisi dersi öğretiminde kullanılan iskelet ve kas modellerinin, öğrencilerin öğrenme kalıcılığı üzerinde olumlu bir etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir.