Este documento analiza la alfabetización financiera de estudiantes trabajadores de carreras técnicas profesionales, usando una muestra de la región de Los Lagos. Se diseñó y aplicó un instrumento considerando diferentes dimensiones del fenómeno: conocimientos económico-financieros y de productos, así como, comportamiento financiero. Mediante índices agregados y estimaciones por Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios en dos etapas se procede a explorar variables que expliquen la alfabetización financiera. Los resultados indican bajos niveles de alfabetización, especialmente en conocimientos económico-financieros. Además, la alfabetización financiera se asocia positivamente con personas de mayor edad, hombres, estudiantes en la capital regional y formándose en el área de la administración.

The aim of this study is to analyse the likelihood of agricultural workers in rural areas converting to the tourism sector. Chile is used as a case study, drawing on the CASEN survey of 2017 to analyse differences between the northern, central, and southern regions of the country and construct a satellite account of tourism. A matching process was carried out within the data, and the estimation of a logit model was done to assess the probability of labour reconversion. The results indicate that an agricultural worker has a 12.8% probability of retraining. However, differences emerged when demographic characteristics were analysed; specifically, people with post-secondary education and women have a higher probability of retraining. These and other sociodemographic characteristics are important to explain potential labour reconversion towards tourism in rural areas, although differences arose between areas of the country. Therefore, homogeneous public policies that do not consider the specific characteristics of the territories within a country will be ineffective.

En esta investigación se estudió la relación entre inclusión y alfabetización financiera de trabajadores estudiantes de carreras técnicas profesionales de la región de Los Lagos, Chile. Los objetivos específicos fueron medir la asociación entre alfabetización e inclusión financiera, analizar si existe una ventaja de inclusión al estar alfabetizado y evaluar el impacto de la alfabetización financiera en la inclusión. La muestra estuvo conformada por 470 estudiante-trabajadores y la metodología incluyó indicadores sintéticos, indicadores de asociación y estadísticos paramétricos y no paramétricos. Los resultados señalan una asociación positiva y significativa entre inclusión y alfabetización financiera. En general, los alfabetizados obtienen una ventaja de inclusión y se observa un efecto causal del comportamiento y conocimiento de productos financieros sobre la inclusión, aunque desde la alfabetización global.

The development of tourism can help to diversify the productive matrix and reduce rural depopulation. This study analyzes the possibility of agricultural worker participation in the tourism sector in rural areas of Chilean Patagonia. Based on the 2017 CASEN survey, data matching and estimation of logit model are conducted to evaluate the probability of agricultural worker reconversion. The results indicate that the proportion of agricultural workers who can move to tourism is low. However, women and individuals with post-secondary education are more likely to be reconverted.

Agricultural activity is a key strategic sector for countries, particularly for food production. One way to strengthen the sector is through the use of technology. However, while integrating new technologies, challenges have emerged in the sector with regard to incorporating workers. Thus, one way to resolve this workforce shortfall could be through labour commutation, which consists of people living in one territory but working in another. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the likelihood of agricultural workers becoming worker commuters. Chile is used as a case study, drawing on the Chilean National Employment Survey of 2018 to analyse differences among the five largest regions in the country: Great North, Small North, Central Zone, South, and Chilean Patagonia. Each zone possesses different characteristics, and a propensity score matching process was carried out within the data. The results indicate that agricultural workers with a higher education level, full-time jobs, working in the formal sector, and younger workers are more likely to commute. Different impacts of variables were found across the zones. However, most of the variables have similar impact on the likelihood to commute in different areas. Thus, from a labour perspective, public policies can create general incentives to attract a new workforce to strengthen the agricultural sector.