KuoRay Mao

Dr. KuoRay Mao

Sociology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
orcid

Research Focus & Metrics

Academic Career Length

22Years (2005-Present)

(Calculated once Scilit publication data is synced: current year − year of first publication + 1)

Representative Publications

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6 July 2020 in Journal of Contemporary China
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
YXYong-ji Xue
Yong-ji Xue
KMKuoRay Mao
KuoRay Mao
NWNefratiri Weeks
Nefratiri Weeks
JXJingyi Xiao
Jingyi Xiao
This article examines the contradictory outcomes of China’s rural reform since 1978. It traces four periods of rural reform policies through cyclical rounds of policy implementation, structural transformations, and economic, social, and environmental outcomes. The analysis reveals that contradictory outcomes are embedded within conflicting goals framing rural reform policies, specifically goals to modernize China’s rural regions and fair resource allocation among its inhabitants. In addition, the Chinese central government has repeatedly resorted to a top-down, campaign-style approach, creating conflicting objectives between short-term quota fulfillment and sustainable structural adjustment policies. The research suggests that the socio-environmental contradictions emerging from rural transformations in China must be viewed within the global political economic context that favors growth oriented, efficiency-based development strategies.

5 February 2018 in Society & Natural Resources
Verified
Journal Article
Closed access
KMKuoRay Mao
KuoRay Mao
QZQian Zhang
Qian Zhang
This paper examines the acute socioecological crisis in the Minqin region of China’s Gansu province beginning in the 1980s and the multilevel, governmental response to that crisis in the first two decades of the 21st century. Drawing on extensive field research and interviews in the area, supplemented by analysis of available data, the paper presents a detailed case study of the development and implementation of the Shiyang River Watershed Restoration Plan in the period 2007–15. The case illustrates how conflicting policy objectives of the central state-led conservation project shaped patterns of interaction between local government officials, cadres, and farmers in Minqin County as well as ensuing outcomes and challenges in policy implementation. The study finds that top-level declaration of ecological and social issues in the watershed as a national security issue incentivized local government officials and cadres to overlook the Plan’s provision for local consultation, in favor of meeting binding ecological and economic targets. It contributes to scholarship on environmental authoritarianism, illuminating structural factors and institutional constraints that shape local government officials’ and cadres’ behavior in a centrally administered environmental policy context.

1 August 2008 in Sociological Perspectives
Verified
Journal Article
Closed access
KPKay Kei-Ho Pih
Kay Kei-Ho Pih
MRMario De La Rosa
Mario De La Rosa
DRDouglas Rugh
Douglas Rugh
KMKuoRay Mao
KuoRay Mao
Gang activity and membership were noted to be significantly related to financial rewards. As such, gang membership and gang activity should also be understood from an economic perspective. In this article, Pierre Bourdieu's framework of capital is used to analyze two separate samples of Latino and Asian gang members. Stark contrasts in socioeconomic backgrounds are recorded among the two samples of gang members, and gang membership and activities are also noticeably dissimilar. Accessibility to economic, cultural, and social capital is argued to affect gang membership and activities. The results suggest that the availability of legitimate and illegitimate capital greatly affects the trajectory and the length of gang involvement. Also, gangs provide significant material and social capital for the respondents of the study.

15 June 2020 in International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology
Verified
Journal Article
Closed access
PDF file
KMKuoRay Mao
KuoRay Mao
SJShuqin Jin
Shuqin Jin
YHYu Hu
Yu Hu
NWNefratiri Weeks
Nefratiri Weeks
LYLiangjun Ye
Liangjun Ye
As industrialized animal agriculture expanded rapidly in the last decade, the resultant pollution has generated widespread despoliation of natural resources and environmental victimization in rural China. This study examines the formulation and implementation of national environmental regulations from 2014 to 2019 and finds that the juxtaposing ministerial and provincial jurisdictions resulted in conflicting interpretations of the scale and evaluation criteria of the national policy. We argue that the regulations are more than centralized conservation programs designed to reduce environmental pollution caused by the expansion of animal husbandry. Instead, these regulations are fundamentally state-led rural development initiatives that utilize the designations of ecological protection zones to reconfigure land use and promote scale-up production in agricultural structural adjustment initiatives. The enforcement of these environmental regulations, therefore, constitutes a treadmill of law (ToL) that accelerated the geographical specialization and function intensification of the Chinese husbandry sector.

1 April 2018 in Journal of Public Health
Verified
Journal Article
Closed access
PDF file
XLXiuxia Li
Xiuxia Li
LWLili Wei
Lili Wei
WSWenru Shang
Wenru Shang
XXXin Xing
Xin Xing
MYMin Yin
Min Yin
KYKehu Yang
Kehu Yang