In the title compound, C₁₄H₁₀ClN₃O₃·H₂O, the benzohydrazide group is not planar and the molecule exists in a cis configuration with respect to the methylidene unit. The dihedral angle between the two substituted benzene rings is 38.7 (3)°. In the crystal structure, molecules are linked by O—H...O, O—H...N and N—H...O hydrogen bonds into a two-dimensional network parallel to the (100) plane. The crystal structure is further stabilized by weak C—H...O interactions.

The mol-ecule of the title benzohydrazide derivative, C(15)H(14)N(2)O(4), exists in a trans conformation with respect to the C=N double bond and is twisted, the dihedral angle between the two benzene rings being 24.17 (6)°. The meth-oxy group is almost co-planar with respect to the attached benzene ring [C(m)-O-C-C (m = meth-yl) = -1.45 (17)°]. In the crystal, the mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds into sheets parallel to the bc plane. These sheets are further connected into a three-dimensional network by weak C-H⋯O and C-H⋯π inter-actions.

This study investigates the fabrication of a composite film composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and glycerol, incorporating nanosilica derived from municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash (BA). The nanosilica is blended with a PVA film-forming solution containing glycerol as a plasticizer. The composite films are characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Additionally, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is conducted to evaluate the thermal properties, while the mechanical properties are assessed in terms of tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EAB). The results indicate that the presence of silica nanoparticles reduces transparency and increases film thickness in the presence of glycerol. Notably, the film containing 1% silica demonstrates a significant enhancement in tensile strength, exhibiting a 50% increase compared to the film without silica. However, higher silica loadings lead to a deterioration in mechanical properties due to silica agglomeration within the polymer matrix. As expected, the presence of silica in the films slightly elevates the degradation temperature.

The title compound, C(15)H(14)N(2)O, crystallized with two independent mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit. Both mol-ecules are non-planar and have an E configuration with respect to the C=N bond. The dihedral angles between the two benzene rings are 11.1 (2)° in one mol-ecule and 12.40 (19)° in the other. In the crystal structure, the mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and weak C-H⋯O inter-actions into infinite one-dimensional chains along [1 0 0]. The crystal structure is further stabilized by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, weak C-H⋯O and very weak C-H⋯π inter-actions.