The integration of virtual reality, digital twins, and spatial behavior-tracking technologies is reshaping cultural exhibition architecture, shifting the design focus from functional efficiency to immersive, user-centered experiences. However, the behavioral dynamics within these interactive environments remain insufficiently addressed. This study proposes a behavior-oriented spatial typology grounded in Bitgood’s attention–value model, which maps the psychological stages—Attraction, Hold, Engagement, and Exit—onto four spatial categories: Threshold Space, Transitional Space, Narrative Focus Space, and Closure Space. Each represents a distinct phase of perceptual and behavioral response along the exhibition sequence. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining eye-tracking experiments with structured questionnaires to capture both physiological reactions and subjective evaluations. Key spatial variables—enclosure (X₁), visual corridors (X₂), spatial scale (X₃), and light–shadow articulation (X₄)—were analyzed using multiple regression to assess their impact on interest and dwell time. The results show that enclosure (α = −0.094; β = −0.319) and light–shadow articulation (α = −0.057; β = 0.156), respectively, decreased interest and increased dwell time, while spatial scale (α = 0.042; β = 0.186) positively affected both. Visual corridors had minimal influence (α = −0.007; β = 0.022). These spatial effects align with the proposed typology: Threshold Spaces support rapid orientation and exploratory behavior, while Transitional Spaces aid navigation but reduce sustained attention. Narrative Focus Spaces enhance cognitive engagement and decision making, and Closure Spaces foster emotional resolution and extended presence. These findings validate the proposed typology and establish a quantifiable link between spatial attributes and visitor behavior, offering a practical framework for optimizing immersive exhibition sequences.

The integration of virtual reality, digital twins, and spatial behavior-tracking technologies is reshaping cultural exhibition architecture, shifting the design focus from functional efficiency to immersive, user-centered experiences. However, the behavioral dynamics within these interactive environments remain insufficiently addressed. This study proposes a behavior-oriented spatial typology grounded in Bitgood’s attention–value model, which maps the psychological stages: Attraction, Hold, Engagement, and Exit—onto four spatial categories: Threshold Space, Transitional Space, Narrative Focus Space, and Closure Space. Each represents a distinct phase of perceptual and behavioral response along the exhibition sequence. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining eye-tracking experiments with structured questionnaires to capture both physiological reactions and subjective evaluations. Key spatial variables: enclosure, visual corridors, spatial scale, and light–shadow articulation—were analyzed using multiple regression models to evaluate their effects on interest levels and dwell time. Results show that Threshold Spaces support rapid orientation and exploratory behavior, while Transitional Spaces aid navigation but reduce sustained attention. Narrative Focus Spaces enhance cognitive engagement and decision-making, and Closure Spaces foster emotional resolution and extended presence. These findings validate the proposed typology and establish a quantifiable link between spatial attributes and visitor behavior, offering a practical framework for optimizing immersive exhibition sequences.

As urbanization accelerates, high-rise residential areas (HRRAs) have become a dominant urban housing typology. However, their complex building layouts significantly alter local wind environments, potentially impacting residents’ health. While existing studies mainly focus on macro-scale wind analysis, there is limited exploration of the micro-environmental interactions between wind conditions and human activities. This study proposes the concept of Wind Health-Vulnerable Space (WHVS) and addresses the following scientific question: How do building layouts affect local wind fields and influence pollutant accumulation and health risks, particularly for air pollutants like PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 μm or less), which is closely associated with adverse respiratory and cardiovascular health outcomes? To investigate this, a multidimensional framework integrating computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations with point-of-interest (POI) data was developed to identify and diagnose these spaces. Case studies of two typical HRRAs in Xi’an, China, reveal two types of WHVSs: (1) localized calm zones between buildings (wind speed < 0.5 m/s, pressure −0.5 to 3 Pa), where PM2.5 concentrations are 25–30% higher than surrounding areas; and (2) large-scale weak wind areas in enclosed layouts (wind speed < 0.5 m/s, pressure −1 to −2 Pa), with PM2.5 concentrations increased by 28–35%. The results highlight a dual mechanism in the formation of vulnerable spaces: wind field disturbances caused by building layout and the overlay effect of human activity distribution. This framework offers new insights and scientific support for health-oriented urban planning and building layout optimization.