Facilitating industrial restructuring and modernization plays a pivotal role in realizing China’s dual-carbon objectives (carbon peaking and carbon neutrality) and advancing sustainable socioeconomic progress. Leveraging panel data from 30 provincial-level administrative units (2005–2022) and adopting the Spatial Durbin Model, this research investigates how industrial structure upgrading influences carbon emission intensity within the framework of a unified national market, while elucidating its operational mechanisms. The key findings include the following: (1) Provincial carbon emission intensity demonstrates pronounced “high-high” and “low-low” spatial agglomeration during the study period. Industrial restructuring exhibits marked carbon abatement effects, accompanied by discernible cross-regional spillover benefits. (2) Industrial structure upgrading can reduce carbon emission levels by promoting the technology diffusion effect, while the competitive demonstration effect of digitalization has not yet manifested. (3) The establishment of an integrated national market enhances the capacity of industrial upgrading to suppress carbon emission intensity. (4) The emission-reducing impacts of industrial restructuring manifest heterogeneous patterns across regions and temporal phases: In Eastern China, industrial upgrading paradoxically elevates emission intensity. Central-western regions experience significant emission reductions. Temporally, the relationship follows an inverted U-shaped trajectory. These insights underscore the necessity for policymakers to refine industrial modernization strategies, expedite nationwide market integration mechanisms, and cultivate region-specific green transition roadmaps.

Global warming presents urgent challenges for tilapia aquaculture. This study introduces a tailored loss function to assess long-term impacts under extreme drought, using historical drought data in China as a baseline. The TaiESM1 climate model within the CMIP6 framework is applied to project future conditions under SSP245, SSP370, and SSP585 scenarios, focusing on Guangdong Province (2024–2100). The results indicate a general decline in the frequency of extreme droughts across all scenarios. Under SSP245, technological advancements combined with reduced drought risk may boost yields of tilapia aquaculture of Guangdong to 2.369–2.418 million tons by 2100. In SSP370 and SSP585, while humidity increases, drought risk reduction is less pronounced, resulting in marginally lower yields (2.285–2.408 and 2.300–2.416 million tons, respectively). When a unified loss parameter is applied, projected yields exhibit a U-shaped trend across all SSP scenarios, reaching a minimum under SSP370 in the mid-century period before recovering toward the end of the century, driven by scenario-dependent marginal responses of production to changes in extreme drought risk, highlighting the nonlinearity of climate impacts driven by complex climatic factors and socioeconomic interactions. These findings are subject to uncertainties associated with the use of a single climate model and the simplified representation of drought impacts in the loss-function framework.

Climate change, especially extreme weather events, has significantly heightened the vulnerability of fisheries production supply chains. This study firstly investigates the input-driven climate risks through intermediate goods trade and their indirect impacts on China’s fisheries sector and constructs the Climate Risk-Trade-Production Model (CRTPM). Key findings include: (1) The input-driven climate risk indicator for China’s fisheries sector has increased over the period 1995–2020, with Brazil, Canada, the United States, Japan, South Korea, and Russia as major contributors. (2) From 1995 to 2020, rising climate risk index in Brazil and Canada negatively affected China’s fisheries output, with a 1% increase in climate risk index resulting in production declines of 0.173% and 0.367%, respectively. (3) In contrast, a reduction in the climate risk index in the United States and Japan lowered intermediate goods prices, boosting China’s output by 0.934% and 0.172%, respectively, for every 1% decrease in the climate risk index. (4) Climate risk index in South Korea and Russia, while initially increasing, eventually stabilized, having minimal impact on China’s fisheries production. It is the importance of monitoring extreme weather events to mitigate the economic vulnerabilities of China’s fisheries.

Fostering a dynamic innovation ecosystem is a key strategic challenge for China’s marine industry, yet organizations and policymakers lack a clear understanding of what types of collaborative structures truly drive performance. This study moves beyond traditional single-layer analyses to construct a comprehensive multilayer network of inter-organizational collaboration, knowledge flows, and technological evolution, using patent data from 2000 to 2024. The research analyzes the structural characteristics and evolution trend of the multilayer network to reveal the longitudinal dynamics of the China’s marine industry’s collaborative innovation landscape. A negative binomial regression is used to examine the effect of network characteristics on organizational innovation performance. Findings reveal that while both broad and deep partnerships significantly boost innovation, this effect is mediated by knowledge diversity. The positive impact is contingent on the organizational knowledge assets. Organizations with unique knowledge gain more from broad, shallow ties, compared to deep and intensive collaborations. For highly knowledgeable organizations, occupying too many strategic network positions can lead to information overload and diminishing innovation performance. This research provides an evidence-based framework for managers to optimize their R&D collaboration strategies and for policymakers to design more effective innovation policies, ensuring a more robust and dynamic marine innovation ecosystem.

The growing incorporation of environmental policy into international trade has transformed the competitiveness of export industries and raised risks for carbon-intensive products. Focusing on China’s aquatic product exports to the European Union, this study examines how a CBAM-related carbon exposure index is associated with export performance and what this implies for trade competitiveness and adaptation. We construct an HS6-level panel for three aquatic product groups and three EU importers over 2015–2024, combining observed trade, tariff and macroeconomic data with constructed indicators of embedded carbon exposure derived from MRIO-based emission intensities and CBAM rules. Using a structural-gravity framework estimated with PPML (HDFE-PPML), we find a negative association between carbon exposure and export values in a simple specification, but this effect weakens and becomes statistically insignificant once richer importer–year and product fixed effects are introduced. Overall, the results suggest that the early CBAM transition has not yet produced a robust impact on China–EU aquatic trade, but they highlight emerging vulnerabilities for carbon-intensive products and the need for exporters and policymakers to pursue adaptation strategies that safeguard long-run trade competitiveness.

Trade facilitation serves as a new engine for economic growth in the post-tariff era and a key driver for trade development. Based on an analysis of China’s current exports of aquatic products to other RCEP member countries and the development of trade facilitation measures among these countries, this study employs an extended trade gravity model to empirically examine the impact of trade facilitation on China’s exports of aquatic products. The research findings indicate that trade facilitation among RCEP member countries is generally convenient. For every 1% increase in trade facilitation, China’s aquatic products expand by 3.47%, with a significant impact on export trade. In the current context of heightened trade uncertainty, this study offers valuable insights for the steady development of the aquatic products trade.