$\mathrm{{\rm Y}}$ and ${\eta }_b$ nuclear bound-state energies are calculated for various nuclei, neglecting any possible effects of the widths. Essential input for the calculations, namely, the medium-modified $B$ and $B^{*}$ meson masses, as well as the density distributions in nuclei, are calculated within the quark-meson coupling (QMC) model. The attractive potentials for the $\mathrm{{\rm Y}}$ and ${\eta }_b$ mesons in nuclei are calculated from the mass shifts of these mesons in nuclear matter in the local density approximation. These potentials originate from the in-medium enhanced $BB$ and $B{B}^{*}$ loops in their respective self-energy. After an extensive analysis we conclude that our results suggest that the $\mathrm{{\rm Y}}$ and ${\eta }_b$ mesons should form bound states with all the nuclei considered.

For the first time, we estimate the in-medium mass shift of the two-flavored heavy mesons B c , B c * , B s , B s * , D s , and D s * in symmetric nuclear matter. The estimates are made by evaluating the lowest order one-loop self-energies. The enhanced excitations of intermediate state heavy-light mesons in symmetric nuclear matter are the origin of their negative mass shift. This negative mass shift may be regarded as a signature of partial restoration of chiral symmetry in an empirical sense because the origin of the negative mass shift in the study is not directly related to the chiral symmetry mechanism. Our results show that the magnitude of the mass shift for the B c meson ( b ¯ c or b c ¯ ) is larger than those of the η c ( c ¯ c ) and η b ( b ¯ b ) , different from a naive expectation that it would be in between them. While, that of the B c * shows the in between of the J / ψ and ϒ . We observe that the lighter vector meson excitation in each meson self-energy gives a dominant contribution for the corresponding meson mass shift, B c , B s , and D s . Published by the American Physical Society 2024

We review the in-medium modifications of effective masses (Lorentz scalar potentials or phenomenon of mass shift) of the heavy–heavy and heavy–light mesons in symmetric nuclear matter and their nuclear bound states. We use a combined approach with the quark–meson coupling (QMC) model and an effective Lagrangian. As demonstrated by the cases of pionic and kaonic atoms, studies of the meson–nucleus bound state can provide us with important information on chiral symmetry in a dense nuclear medium. In this review, we examine the mesons, $K,K^{\ast },D,D^{\ast },B,B^{\ast },\eta ,{\eta }^{\prime },\varphi ,{\eta }_c,J/\psi ,{\eta }_b,\mathsf{{\rm Y}}$, and $B_c$, where our emphasis is on the heavy mesons. In addition, we also present some new results for the $B_c$-nucleus bound states.