Oral mucositis (OM) is a frequent complication in cancer patients who are undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy. It manifests as an inflammation of the oral mucosa, sometimes provoking severe consequences such as eating limitations, difficulty in speaking, and possibly superinfection. Aim: The aim of this review was to update the evidence published during the last five years on the treatment of oral mucositis induced by radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy in patients with cancer. Materials and Method: A search was conducted in Pubmed, Scielo and Scopus, using the search terms mucositis, stomatitis, therapy, treatment, oral cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma, head and neck cancer and head and neck carcinoma, with Mesh terms and free terms, from 2017 to January 2023. The systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Results: A total 287 articles were retrieved, of which 86 were selected by title and abstract, and 18 were included after full-text analysis. The most frequently assessed variables were OM severity, pain intensity and healing time. Treatment types were diverse, and included drugs, mouthwashes, medicines based on plant extracts, cryotherapy and low-intensity laser therapies. Conclusion: Dentoxol mouthwashes, Plantago major extract, thyme honey extract, zinc oxide paste, vitamin B complex combined with GeneTime, and the consumption of L-glutamine are effective in diminishing the severity of OM. Pain intensity was lower with doxepin mouthwashes and diphenhydramine-lidocaine-antacid mouthwashes.

The aim of this investigation was to define the volume and area of the airway in subjects with Class II and Class III skeletal deformity. A cross-sectional study was designed including subjects with facial deformity defined by Steiner's analysis in subjects with indication of orthognathic surgery who presented diagnosis by cone beam computerised tomography. We determined the measurements of maximum area, minimum area and volume of the airway. The data were compared using Spearman's test, with statistical significance defined as p<0.05. 115 subjects were included: 61.7 % Class II and 38.3 % Class III, mean age 27.8 years (± 11.6). A significant difference was observed in the area and volume measurements in the groups studied, with significantly smaller measurements found in Class II (p=0.034). The minimum area was 10.4 mm2 smaller in Class II patients than in Class III, while the general volume of the airway was 4.1 mm3 smaller in Class II than in Class III. We may conclude that Class II subjects present a smaller airway volume than Class III subjects.

Orthognathic surgery is a successful surgical method for correcting facial deformities, and the piezoelectric system can be used in place of or in addition to traditional tools like the reciprocating saw to perform osteotomies. This study assesses how using a reciprocating saw or a piezoelectric device exclusively affects neurosensory impairment. A review was performed following the PRISMA-ScR recommendations. A search was conducted until December 2024 in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Clinical trials and quasi-experimental studies in English and Spanish were included. A total of nine articles were obtained for full-text review using inclusion and exclusion criteria. The selected articles included a total of 731 subjects. The age range of the studies included was between 18 and 49 years. Three of the six analyzed state that piezoelectric surgery positively correlates with neurosensory recovery, showing less surgical time and a less painful and faster postoperative recovery than the use of a saw. However, only two reported no significant statistical difference in sensitivity recovery between the saw and piezoelectric instruments. Despite the methodological heterogeneity among the studies included, the sample size, and the variability of factors, using a piezoelectric system typically shows a better postoperative recovery of sensitivity compared to using a saw.

International Journal of Medical and Surgical Sciences de la Universidad Autónoma de Chile es una publicación de acceso abierto y revisada por pares externos. En: web.