We sought to develop and validate a self-assessment burnout scale of the Chinese general population during the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of a dynamic zero-COVID policy. Factors relevant to individuals’ burnout during the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic were identified in the literature and through the reviews of an expert panel. A convenience sample of 1087 was randomly divided into two subsamples and the scale’s psychometric properties were assessed. Findings suggested that the COVID-19 BFS has adequate reliability (α = 0.90) along with factorial, concurrent, and convergent validity. Results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the one-factor structure of the scale. Concurrent validity results indicate a significant positive correlation between COVID-19 BFS and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (r = 0.131, p < 0.001), suggesting that individuals with higher levels of burnout may also have higher levels of fear of COVID, or vice versa. The scale was also correlated positively with being against the dynamic zero-COVID strategy (r = 0.340, p < 0.001), indicating that a higher level of burnout may be associated with individuals who are against the dynamic zero-COVID strategy. The results suggest the five-item COVID-19 BFS is a valid and reliable scale for the measurement of burnout frequency of the Chinese general population in relation to the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic in a dynamic zero-COVID policy context.

While it is widely acknowledged that the COVID-19 pandemic posed unprecedented challenges to the mental wellbeing of college students globally, particularly among those studying abroad, little is known about how students navigated the pandemic-related challenges and maintained their psychological wellbeing. This study identifies Chinese college students’ coping mechanisms for COVID-19 burnout by investigating the mediating effects of high-quality family interaction and family support on the relationship between COVID-19 burnout and psychological wellbeing. A cross-sectional survey was conducted across four regions—Shanghai, Hong Kong, Macau, and London—encompassing a diverse sample of Chinese university students (N = 971), representing a wide range of demographics. Structural equation modelling was applied to test the mediation model. The results revealed a significantly positive correlation between university students’ psychological wellbeing and the family interaction quality and support received. In addition, family interaction quality and support were significantly negatively correlated with the students’ COVID-19 burnout. The mediation analysis further suggested that family interaction quality and support mediated the association between the students’ COVID-19 burnout and psychological wellbeing. These findings have contributed to the literature by addressing the underexplored external factors affecting psychological wellbeing, offering vital insights for informing targeted interventions aimed at supporting students during public health crises.