This study aimed to assess how various remineralizing agents affect the demineralized enamel calcium/phosphorus ions (Ca/P) ratio and micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) of orthodontic adhesive modified by Sepiolite nanoparticles (Sep-NPs). In addition, rheological properties and degree of conversion (DC) of the adhesive were investigated. One hundred and forty-four human premolars underwent a cariogenic challenge to induce artificial demineralization. Based on the remineralizing agents used, the samples were divided into four categories: silver diamine fluoride (SDF), rosmarinic acid (RMA), ROCS Medical Mineral Gel System (ROCS MMG), and control. The Ca/P ratio was evaluated using energy-dispersive X-rays. Thirty samples were divided into two subgroups: unmodified adhesive and 1% Sep-infiltrated adhesive. Brackets were bonded, and the μTBS was evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate the resin–bracket interface. The modified and unmodified adhesives were subjected to DC and rheological testing. The Ca/P ion ratio was highest in the ROCS-MMG group and lowest in the no-remineralization group. Group 3B (ROCS MMG + SepNPs-Orthodontic adhesive) samples displayed the highest bond strength. The lowest μTBS was observed in Group 4A (no remineralization + orthodontic adhesive). ROCS MMG conferred the greatest improvement in µTBS and Ca/P ratio before bracket bonding, followed by SDF, whereas RMA did not enhance bonding outcomes. Sep-NP incorporation at 1% improved µTBS but compromised DC and rheological properties, necessitating concentration optimization before clinical application.

To evaluate the association between smile arc curvature, skeletal pattern, and maxillary incisor display among orthodontic patients attending King Khalid University College of Dentistry. This retrospective cross-sectional analytical study included 150 eligible orthodontic patients. Standardized pretreatment posed smile photographs and lateral cephalometric radiographs were analyzed. Smile arc curvature was classified as consonant, flat, or reverse. Associations with sagittal skeletal pattern (ANB), vertical skeletal pattern (SN–MP), and maxillary incisor display were evaluated using Pearson’s chi-square or Fisher’s exact test. Multinomial and binary logistic regression analyses were performed to explore adjusted associations. Consonant smile arc was the most prevalent pattern (63.3%). No significant associations were observed with sagittal skeletal pattern or maxillary incisor display. A significant association with vertical skeletal pattern was identified in the unadjusted analysis; however, this association was not maintained after multivariable adjustment. Smile arc morphology appears to be multifactorial. Although an unadjusted association with vertical skeletal patterns was observed, no independent statistically significant associations were identified after adjustment. Further prospective studies are needed to clarify the factors influencing smile arc morphology.