Aptamers have emerged as powerful molecular recognition elements for biosensing applications, offering high specificity, stability, and adaptability. This review explores key considerations in designing aptamer-based sensors (aptasensors), with a focus on biomarker selection, aptamer design, and detection and immobilization strategies. However, challenges such as biofluid stability and reversibility must be addressed to improve biosensor performance. In this study, the potential of aptamer-based platforms in diagnostics is explored, emphasizing their advantages and future applications. Looking ahead, advances in multifunctional aptamers, integration with nanomaterials, and computational optimization are highlighted as promising directions for enhancing their effectiveness in biosensing.

This review offers a practical guide to designing microfluidic systems for wearable biosensors, covering materials, fabrication, and fluid handling, with emphasis on challenges of wearable formats such as flexibility and biocompatibility.

Meat is a high-quality source of protein, vitamins, and minerals, making it a fundamental component of the human diet. Ensuring the availability of fresh meat is, therefore, essential for both consumers and the food industry. Traditional methods for assessing meat freshness, such as sensory evaluation and chemical analysis, are often manual, time-consuming, costly, and may lead to human interpretation errors. In contrast, advanced non-destructive technologies—supported by data-driven analysis—offer efficient, accurate, and objective alternatives. This review provides a comprehensive historical overview of the methods used to assess red meat freshness, including their advantages, limitations, and applications. Furthermore, it discusses state of the art data analysis techniques to enhance detection accuracy, highlighting the potential for industrial implementation and the challenges that must be addressed.