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Most European cities are characterized by very large areas, often formed by buildings of low quality, from a series of perspectives (architectural, technological, materials, technical systems, etc.). The possibility of renovating them is strategic to improve both the quality of life and to the possibility of economic recovery for building companies. In the last decades, the attention of the scientific community has been addressed to the energy renovation, thanks to the strong activities of the European Community in this field. However, since a relevant part of the EC territory is at risk of earthquake, the possibility to combine both energy and seismic renovation actions may be strategic for many countries. In particular, Italy and Romania are linked by a common social tradition that springs from the Roman Empire. Nowadays, this link is stronger, thanks to common interests in social, cultural and business fields. Therefore, the investigation of possible synergies for seismic and energy renovation strategies may be really interesting for both countries. In this paper, after an overview of regulations and common practices for buildings with reinforced concrete structures, in both states, some key combined renovation interventions will be described and discussed, as well as advantages and perspectives of integrated renovation approaches. The outcomes of this work are to show the way to transform existing energy-consuming and seismic-prone buildings into energy-efficient and seismic-resistant ones.
Emil-Sever Georgescu; Mihaela Stela Georgescu; Zina Macri; Edoardo Michele Marino; Giuseppe Margani; Vasile Meita; Radu Pana; Santi Maria Cascone; Horia Petran; Pier Paolo Rossi; Vincenzo Sapienza; Marius Voica. Seismic and Energy Renovation: A Review of the Code Requirements and Solutions in Italy and Romania. Sustainability 2018, 10, 1561 .
AMA StyleEmil-Sever Georgescu, Mihaela Stela Georgescu, Zina Macri, Edoardo Michele Marino, Giuseppe Margani, Vasile Meita, Radu Pana, Santi Maria Cascone, Horia Petran, Pier Paolo Rossi, Vincenzo Sapienza, Marius Voica. Seismic and Energy Renovation: A Review of the Code Requirements and Solutions in Italy and Romania. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (5):1561.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmil-Sever Georgescu; Mihaela Stela Georgescu; Zina Macri; Edoardo Michele Marino; Giuseppe Margani; Vasile Meita; Radu Pana; Santi Maria Cascone; Horia Petran; Pier Paolo Rossi; Vincenzo Sapienza; Marius Voica. 2018. "Seismic and Energy Renovation: A Review of the Code Requirements and Solutions in Italy and Romania." Sustainability 10, no. 5: 1561.
The March 4, 1977, Vrancea earthquake was Romania’s greatest natural disaster in the 20th century. Today, forty years later, its impact, but also post-disaster actions and policies, continue to influence seismic risk. Based on lessons learnt, an improved seismic design code was introduced in 1978 for new construction, but in July 1977 for damaged buildings all strengthening projects were abruptly stopped by a high level political order that allowed only local—often cosmetic- repairs. After 1989, many state archives have been opened, helping us deepen our understanding of how disaster management was conducted in that time. This paper reveals new findings and data on building damage and human casualties. This new evidence suggests that nearly a quarter of the lives lost in Bucharest were not in collapsed multi-story buildings, but in other, yet to be investigated, locations. Also new evidence about the unidentified victims lifts popular doubts on this issue. Lastly, the authors analyze the July 4, 1977, government decision to end the seismic reinforcement of damaged buildings and the debate at the time between specialists and government officials.
Emil-Sever Georgescu; Antonios Pomonis. New Archival Evidence on the 1977 Vrancea, Romania Earthquake and Its Impact on Disaster Management and Seismic Risk. Hazard Analysis of Seismic Soil Liquefaction 2018, 281 -295.
AMA StyleEmil-Sever Georgescu, Antonios Pomonis. New Archival Evidence on the 1977 Vrancea, Romania Earthquake and Its Impact on Disaster Management and Seismic Risk. Hazard Analysis of Seismic Soil Liquefaction. 2018; ():281-295.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmil-Sever Georgescu; Antonios Pomonis. 2018. "New Archival Evidence on the 1977 Vrancea, Romania Earthquake and Its Impact on Disaster Management and Seismic Risk." Hazard Analysis of Seismic Soil Liquefaction , no. : 281-295.
The thorough analytical modelling of seismic actions, of the structural system and of the foundation soil is essential for a proper dynamic analysis of a building. However, the validation of the used models should be made, whenever possible, with reference to results obtained from experimental investigations, building instrumentation and monitoring of vibrations generated by various seismic or non-seismic sources. In Romania, the permanent seismic instrumentation/monitoring of buildings is part of a special follow-up activity, performed in accordance with the P130/1999 code for the time monitoring of building behaviour and with the seismic design code, P100-2013. By using the state-of-the-art modern equipment (GeoSIG and Kinemetrics digital accelerographs) in the seismic network of the National Institute for Research and Development URBAN-INCERC, the instrumented buildings can be monitored remotely, with recorded data being sent to authorities or to research institutes in the field by a real-time data transmission system. The obtained records are processed, computing the Fourier amplitude spectra and the response spectra, and the modal parameters of buildings are determined. The paper presents some of the most important results of the institute in the field of building monitoring, focusing on the situation of some significant instrumented buildings located in different parts of the country. In addition, maps with data received from seismic stations after the occurrence of two recent Vrancea (Romania) earthquakes, showing the spatial distribution of ground accelerations, are presented, together with a comparative analysis, performed with reference to previous studies in the literature.
Claudiu Sorin Dragomir; Daniela Dobre; Iolanda Craifaleanu; Emil-Sever Georgescu. On-line Data Transmission, as Part of the Seismic Evaluation Process in the Buildings Field. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2017, 95, 22004 .
AMA StyleClaudiu Sorin Dragomir, Daniela Dobre, Iolanda Craifaleanu, Emil-Sever Georgescu. On-line Data Transmission, as Part of the Seismic Evaluation Process in the Buildings Field. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2017; 95 (2):22004.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClaudiu Sorin Dragomir; Daniela Dobre; Iolanda Craifaleanu; Emil-Sever Georgescu. 2017. "On-line Data Transmission, as Part of the Seismic Evaluation Process in the Buildings Field." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 95, no. 2: 22004.
Mihaela Stela Georgescu; Cristina Victoria Ochinciuc; Emil Sever Georgescu; Iolanda Colda. Heritage and Climate Changes in Romania: The St. Nicholas Church of Densus, from Degradation to Restoration. Energy Procedia 2017, 133, 76 -85.
AMA StyleMihaela Stela Georgescu, Cristina Victoria Ochinciuc, Emil Sever Georgescu, Iolanda Colda. Heritage and Climate Changes in Romania: The St. Nicholas Church of Densus, from Degradation to Restoration. Energy Procedia. 2017; 133 ():76-85.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMihaela Stela Georgescu; Cristina Victoria Ochinciuc; Emil Sever Georgescu; Iolanda Colda. 2017. "Heritage and Climate Changes in Romania: The St. Nicholas Church of Densus, from Degradation to Restoration." Energy Procedia 133, no. : 76-85.
Almost four decades after the MG-R= 7.2 (Mw=7.4) catastrophic earthquake of March 4, 1977 hit Romania, the population fears a new strong earthquake; however, awareness on preparedness and mitigation measures is rather low. As the last Mw > 6 has occurred in 1990, there is an increasing percentage of young population that has not yet witnessed a strong earthquake, and which has a rather fuzzy representation of urban and geological earthquake effects. After each strong seismic event in the past, due to its specific attributions, the National Institute for Building Research, INCERC, collected a considerable amount of information about the earthquake effects on built environment and lifelines, geological effects etc. To this, information from various documentary sources about damage caused by historic earthquakes was added by the institute's specialists. Stored today in the archives of the National Institute for Research and Development in Construction, Urban Planning and Sustainable Spatial Development, "URBAN-INCERC", INCERC Bucharest Branch, this information is invaluable today for evaluating the present and future seismic risk of the country. Nonetheless, it could represent an essential educational resource for university students and young professionals in the field of civil engineering, seismology, geology, economy, sociology, history etc. and for raising population awareness on seismic risk mitigation measures. The paper presents new approaches for the dissemination and re-valuation of the March 4, 1977 earthquake data, from the perspective of present scientific knowledge.
Iolanda-Gabriela Craifaleanu; Emil-Sever Georgescu; Claudiu-Sorin Dragomir. Lessons from M 7.2 Seismic Event and How to Preserve Awareness Forty Years Later: The Case of the Vrancea, Romania, March 4, 1977 Earthquake. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2016, 44, 042043 .
AMA StyleIolanda-Gabriela Craifaleanu, Emil-Sever Georgescu, Claudiu-Sorin Dragomir. Lessons from M 7.2 Seismic Event and How to Preserve Awareness Forty Years Later: The Case of the Vrancea, Romania, March 4, 1977 Earthquake. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2016; 44 (4):042043.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIolanda-Gabriela Craifaleanu; Emil-Sever Georgescu; Claudiu-Sorin Dragomir. 2016. "Lessons from M 7.2 Seismic Event and How to Preserve Awareness Forty Years Later: The Case of the Vrancea, Romania, March 4, 1977 Earthquake." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 44, no. 4: 042043.
The main objective of the National Seismic Network for Constructions, operated by the National Institute for Research and Development in Constructions, Urban Planning and Spatial Territorial Development “URBAN-INCERC”, is the monitoring of situations generated by earthquakes or other dangerous sources of vibrations induced in constructions on the entire Romanian territory. The NIRD URBAN-INCERC seismic records obtained in-situ and on buildings were and are extremely important for designers, especially in 1977, 1986 and 1990. It is the largest network in Romania, consisting of some 60 digital acceleration recorders distributed in Bucharest and in the country. This network is strategic from the population safety point of view. Due to the specific seismic hazard and vulnerability, our country shall be in preparation for the impact of a possible earthquake, which cannot be predicted in time domain, but it is possible to occur anytime. To prevent and mitigate negative consequences of such an event, urgent actions are required to ensure structural safety. Given the facts, Romania is in a critical time on strategic options regarding the seismic risks. Presently, a urgent necessity is the seismic network function in order to get as much as possible strong-motion data for advanced research and to understand why damages in buildings occurred. The next goal is to have more parametric and spectral data for engineering design, as well as to improve the zoning maps, having more stations at reduced distances. If possible, strong-motion micro-zonation data would explain some specific shaking differences, as a future option for local arrays. The paper presents the necessity, means and requirements of achieving a holistic and integrative concept for the national seismic network of constructions, taking into account geological settings, environmental and local soil conditions on regional profiles, attenuation patterns, architectural and structural patterns, and number of seismic stations in specific seismic zones. Also, a case study of building seismic instrumentation in Bucharest according to the Romanian Seismic Design code, indicative P100-1:2013.
Claudiu-Sorin Dragomir; Vasile Meita; Daniela Dobre; Emil-Sever Georgescu; Ioan-Sorin Borcia. A Holistic And Integrative Concept For Strong-Motion Records On Constructions Of The URBAN-INCERC National Seismic Network. Present Environment and Sustainable Development 2015, 9, 113 -124.
AMA StyleClaudiu-Sorin Dragomir, Vasile Meita, Daniela Dobre, Emil-Sever Georgescu, Ioan-Sorin Borcia. A Holistic And Integrative Concept For Strong-Motion Records On Constructions Of The URBAN-INCERC National Seismic Network. Present Environment and Sustainable Development. 2015; 9 (2):113-124.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClaudiu-Sorin Dragomir; Vasile Meita; Daniela Dobre; Emil-Sever Georgescu; Ioan-Sorin Borcia. 2015. "A Holistic And Integrative Concept For Strong-Motion Records On Constructions Of The URBAN-INCERC National Seismic Network." Present Environment and Sustainable Development 9, no. 2: 113-124.
Romania’s capital city, Bucharest, was struck by multi-hazards in its historybut has also suffered a huge trauma by demolition of 450 hectares, to build publicinstitutions in the 1980s, during the past regime. This zone is now a protectedarea, under the threats of climate and social changes. This research projectfinanced by the Romanian Ministry of National Education aimed to identifythe patterns of building blocks, in a balanced relationship between cultural,functional values, as an identity dimension, and the nature of safety, stabilityas state values (vulnerability), under earthquakes and other hazards. Functionalvalues were evaluated with respect to the Code significance categories, functionalzoning of the General Urban Plan and Law of quality in construction. Analysis ofcultural value observed the Law of Monuments, associated to 13 criteria suggestedby authors, resulting in six evaluation stages. The intervention works includedcurrent maintenance; conservative maintenance, using also strengthening;conservative works; restoration and strengthening; partial or global restricting,with possible demolition and reconstruction works; demolition; new building.New knowledge is represented by a methodology of evaluation and decisionmakingfor multi-levelinterventioncategories, to preserveurban memoryandpresentsa case study of Bucharest,Romania(Europe).Keywords: Environmental Science, multi-hazard environment, urban heritage,conservation and intervention approaches, evaluation of cultural identity andvulnerability value, disaster risk reduction, Romania
Cristina Olga Gociman; Tiberiu Florescu; Cristian Iosif Moscu; Emil Sever Georgescu. Decisions on Building Stock Survival and Conservation in a Multi-Hazard Environment: Cultural and Functional Identity vs. Safety and Environment Values in Protected Areas. IAMURE International Journal of Ecology and Conservation 2014, 9, 1 .
AMA StyleCristina Olga Gociman, Tiberiu Florescu, Cristian Iosif Moscu, Emil Sever Georgescu. Decisions on Building Stock Survival and Conservation in a Multi-Hazard Environment: Cultural and Functional Identity vs. Safety and Environment Values in Protected Areas. IAMURE International Journal of Ecology and Conservation. 2014; 9 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCristina Olga Gociman; Tiberiu Florescu; Cristian Iosif Moscu; Emil Sever Georgescu. 2014. "Decisions on Building Stock Survival and Conservation in a Multi-Hazard Environment: Cultural and Functional Identity vs. Safety and Environment Values in Protected Areas." IAMURE International Journal of Ecology and Conservation 9, no. 1: 1.
Earthquake preparedness of citizens is recognised as an efficient means for better coping with shaking impact and making easier the emergency management. Romania represents a specific case where the unique Vrancea intermediate seismic source, at the curvature of Carpathian Mountains, causes intense shaking and losses at several decades interval, but, after that, many generations do not have an opportunity to develop their own coping mechanisms. The paper will present the nature, the agenda and the planning of a centre for learning, education and training concerning safer earthquake behaviour, within a concept and a platform that include rooms, logistics and a dedicated website, media tools, etc. The research project was carried out by The National Research and Development Institute URBAN-INCERC, INCERC Bucharest Branch, and financed by MDRAP - Ministry of Regional Development and Public Administration, Bucharest (formerly MDRT-Ministry of Regional Development and Tourism), Bucharest, Romania.
Vasile Meita; Daniela Dobre; Emil Sever Georgescu; Cristian Paul Stamatiade; Luminita Vilceanu. Coping with earthquakes in Romania: advanced concepts and learning tools using a training platform and facility. International Journal of Emergency Management 2014, 10, 288 .
AMA StyleVasile Meita, Daniela Dobre, Emil Sever Georgescu, Cristian Paul Stamatiade, Luminita Vilceanu. Coping with earthquakes in Romania: advanced concepts and learning tools using a training platform and facility. International Journal of Emergency Management. 2014; 10 (3/4):288.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVasile Meita; Daniela Dobre; Emil Sever Georgescu; Cristian Paul Stamatiade; Luminita Vilceanu. 2014. "Coping with earthquakes in Romania: advanced concepts and learning tools using a training platform and facility." International Journal of Emergency Management 10, no. 3/4: 288.