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Dr. Paúl César Carrión-Mero
ESPOL Polytechnic University, Centro de Investigación y Proyectos Aplicados a las Ciencias de la Tierra (CIPAT), Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 via Perimetral, 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador

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0 Geophysics
0 Sustainability
0 geotourism
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Short Biography

Paúl Carrión-Mero is Director of the Center for Research and Projects Applied to Earth Sciences (CIPAT) of ESPOL. His work has been published in more than 120 publications (8 of them editions and book authorships), as well as more than 30 research projects, and around 60 service/consulting projects. He received his PhD in Mining Engineering, with a specialty in Hydrogeology and Environment from the Polytechnic University of Madrid, Spain. He teaches postgraduate courses in Ecuador, Guatemala, and Honduras. Additionally, he has been a Principal Professor at ESPOL for more than 23 years.

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Journal article
Published: 21 July 2021 in Water
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Universities have the mission to serve society by being pragmatic, diverse, and multidisciplinary. Similar to society in general, these centers have a common challenge: finding a way to articulate projects that favor the demands and needs of vulnerable rural sectors. In this case, the community-university partnership is based on the interaction of the Manglaralto population, represented by the Junta Administradora del Agua Potable Regional de Manglaralto and the Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL), both from Ecuador. Specifically, it is based on a collaborative relationship since 2005, through the Centro de Investigación y Proyectos Aplicados a Ciencias de la Tierra (CIPAT) of the ESPOL. This work aims to evaluate the community-university partnership through the results obtained in community work projects. In addition, it describes the resolution of problems reached on the sustainability of water resources in the parish of Manglaralto (Ecuador). The methodology was based on (i) the description of the existing community-university interaction framework, (ii) the analysis of the community projects that CIPAT developed in the period 2017–2020, and finally, (iii) the evaluation of the impact of the actions carried out on the sustainability of the coastal aquifer. The community-university partnership has generated relevant information (e.g., water reserves, extraction processes, aquifer recharge, and care of the resource) for the community and has allowed for the strengthening and transmitting of knowledge in different specialties (education, culture, and environment). In the 2017–2020 period, four community projects were carried out with students, researchers, and the inhabitants of the rural area of Manglaralto. These projects allowed wells for water extraction and engineering structures such as dikes and green filters that help the use and recharge the aquifer. In addition, the initiatives carried out made it possible to inform the population of the importance of the sustainable exploitation of water resources. In general, this work made it possible to identify a natural laboratory of human interaction in which the results obtained are based on the collaboration and contribution of all the participating actors.

ACS Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; Fernando Morante-Carballo; Gricelda Herrera-Franco; María Jaya-Montalvo; Denise Rodríguez; Carolina Loor-Flores de Valgas; Edgar Berrezueta. Community-University Partnership in Water Education and Linkage Process. Study Case: Manglaralto, Santa Elena, Ecuador. Water 2021, 13, 1998 .

AMA Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero, Fernando Morante-Carballo, Gricelda Herrera-Franco, María Jaya-Montalvo, Denise Rodríguez, Carolina Loor-Flores de Valgas, Edgar Berrezueta. Community-University Partnership in Water Education and Linkage Process. Study Case: Manglaralto, Santa Elena, Ecuador. Water. 2021; 13 (15):1998.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; Fernando Morante-Carballo; Gricelda Herrera-Franco; María Jaya-Montalvo; Denise Rodríguez; Carolina Loor-Flores de Valgas; Edgar Berrezueta. 2021. "Community-University Partnership in Water Education and Linkage Process. Study Case: Manglaralto, Santa Elena, Ecuador." Water 13, no. 15: 1998.

Journal article
Published: 12 July 2021 in Sustainability
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Research on natural zeolites (NZ) has increased over the years, showing potential in different areas, and many of them involve cation exchange (CE), considered one of the essential properties of NZ. This work aims to identify studies’ cognitive structure based on the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of NZ through bibliometric analysis to evaluate scientific production, growth trend, and visualization through bibliometric maps using the VOSviewer software. All types of documents and all languages indexed in Scopus from 1970 to 2020 were considered for the database, obtaining 703 documents. The results indicate an increasing trend in CE annual publications in NZ. This analysis shows the most influential authors such as Daković, Wang and Colella, while the countries that stand out are China, Turkey and the United States. Besides, the bibliometric maps made it possible to understand the intellectual structure of this academic discipline, identifying areas of current and potential interest in this field of studies such as its application in medicine, agriculture, catalysts, heavy metal removal, wastewater treatment (WWT), bioremediation and construction. Finally, these studies showed trends in science and technology studies favoring environmental remediation and human health.

ACS Style

Fernando Morante-Carballo; Néstor Montalván-Burbano; Paúl Carrión-Mero; Nathaly Espinoza-Santos. Cation Exchange of Natural Zeolites: Worldwide Research. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7751 .

AMA Style

Fernando Morante-Carballo, Néstor Montalván-Burbano, Paúl Carrión-Mero, Nathaly Espinoza-Santos. Cation Exchange of Natural Zeolites: Worldwide Research. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (14):7751.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fernando Morante-Carballo; Néstor Montalván-Burbano; Paúl Carrión-Mero; Nathaly Espinoza-Santos. 2021. "Cation Exchange of Natural Zeolites: Worldwide Research." Sustainability 13, no. 14: 7751.

Journal article
Published: 12 July 2021 in Heritage
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The Santa Elena province in Ecuador has outstanding geological potential in petroleum, mining and geosite resources. All the wealth of palaeontological samples and their inherent link to the history of this territory require a recognised museum with educational and scientific material to support the potential and promotion of geotourism development. The Megatherium Palaeontological Museum is located in this province and was the first Palaeontological Museum in Ecuador. It exhibits samples corresponding to the Late Pleistocene Megafauna that inhabited the area. This study aims to evaluate the museum (a geoheritage element) as a possible (palaeontological) geosite by analysing its contributions to the geoheritage of the Santa Elena province. Thus, we also aim to enhance the geotourism of the area and promote its collections as a geotouristic attraction. The methodological process was based on: (i) information processing and systematisation in the museum and its environment; (ii) assessment of the museum’s geological interest through the method of the Geological Survey of Spain, the Brilha method and the Geosites Assessment Model; and (iii) a qualitative evaluation using the Delphi and the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats methodologies to define strategies and proposals for museum development. Based on the results of the applied quantitative assessment, the museum has a “very high” (277/400) degree of geological interest, due to the high values of scientific (310/400), academic (310/400) and touristic (210/400) interest. In this same way, the results obtained through the Brilha method reflect a high scientific (290/400), educational (280/400), and tourist (315/400) interest and a low degradation risk (190/400) value in the museum. Furthermore, the applied Geosites Assessment Model shows the museum as a geosite with high main and additional values, placing it between the Z23 and Z33 fields of the global valuation matrix. The evaluation approached through Delphi analysis and Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats matrix allowed us to propose improvement strategies to take advantage of the museum resources as an alternative that strengthens the geotouristic development of the area.

ACS Style

Gricelda Herrera-Franco; Karla Erazo; Carlos Mora-Frank; Paúl Carrión-Mero; Edgar Berrezueta. Evaluation of a Paleontological Museum as Geosite and Base for Geotourism. A Case Study. Heritage 2021, 4, 1208 -1227.

AMA Style

Gricelda Herrera-Franco, Karla Erazo, Carlos Mora-Frank, Paúl Carrión-Mero, Edgar Berrezueta. Evaluation of a Paleontological Museum as Geosite and Base for Geotourism. A Case Study. Heritage. 2021; 4 (3):1208-1227.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gricelda Herrera-Franco; Karla Erazo; Carlos Mora-Frank; Paúl Carrión-Mero; Edgar Berrezueta. 2021. "Evaluation of a Paleontological Museum as Geosite and Base for Geotourism. A Case Study." Heritage 4, no. 3: 1208-1227.

Journal article
Published: 22 June 2021 in International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning
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Manglaralto parish communities are supplied with drinking water extracted from shallow aquifers (associated with alluvial terraces) recharged by seasonal rivers. The companies responsible for extracting and distributing water are the Manglaralto Regional Drinking Water Administration Board (JAAPMAN, for its acronym in Spanish) and Olon Regional Board of Drinking Water (JRAPO, for its acronym in Spanish). However, due to population growth and tourism (floating population) of Manglaralto parish, water demand has increased. This has meant that, during the dry season, the water stored in these underground reservoirs is not enough to meet the growing demand. The case study presented is that of the Manglaralto community. The aim is to design, in a technical way, an artisanal dyke (tape) by performing geological-geotechnical studies that allow optimal surface storage and artificial recharge of aquifers for the provision of water to communities. The methodology is as follows: i) Analysis of the technical starting information, ii) Recognition of the study site and the choice of sampling sites, iii) Conducting laboratory tests and analysis of information obtained in the field, and iv) Technical design of the tape. According to laboratory results and the field data analysis, the design of a spillway dyke equipped with a dentellon was defined, which acts as a screen to block the subsurface flow. The rescue of ancestral knowledge, used as a solution to current problems in this coastal community, allows storing a volume of 4,641.88 m3 and an artificial recharge of 15%, with low costs and great social acceptance.

ACS Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; Fernando Morante-Carballo; Josué Briones-Bitar; Paúl Herrera-Borja; Miguel Chávez-Moncayo; Juan Arévalo-Ochoa. Design of a Technical-Artisanal Dike for Surface Water Storage and Artificial Recharge of the Manglaralto Coastal Aquifer. Santa Elena Parish, Ecuador. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 2021, 16, 515 -523.

AMA Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero, Fernando Morante-Carballo, Josué Briones-Bitar, Paúl Herrera-Borja, Miguel Chávez-Moncayo, Juan Arévalo-Ochoa. Design of a Technical-Artisanal Dike for Surface Water Storage and Artificial Recharge of the Manglaralto Coastal Aquifer. Santa Elena Parish, Ecuador. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning. 2021; 16 (3):515-523.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; Fernando Morante-Carballo; Josué Briones-Bitar; Paúl Herrera-Borja; Miguel Chávez-Moncayo; Juan Arévalo-Ochoa. 2021. "Design of a Technical-Artisanal Dike for Surface Water Storage and Artificial Recharge of the Manglaralto Coastal Aquifer. Santa Elena Parish, Ecuador." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 16, no. 3: 515-523.

Journal article
Published: 04 June 2021 in Sustainability
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Society faces a significant problem in regards to the spread of harmful products in the environment, primarily caused by accelerated growth and resource consumption. Consequently, there is a need for materials to be processed in less harmful ways and to remedy the contaminated sources they generate. Microporous materials have been studied for a long time and are used in waste treatment alternatives. Natural zeolites, on which this study is based, are attractive to the scientific and technological communities, due to their numerous applications as decontaminants and adsorption properties. This study analyzes the intellectual structures of publications related to natural zeolites in environmental remediation, using bibliometric methods to determine their volumes and trends. The methodology comprises of an analysis based on 1582 articles, using VOSviewer software, with data from 1974 to 2020, via the Scopus database. Results reflect a notable increase in publications from the end of the 1990s; the greatest contribution in the area comes from Eurasian countries. The study considers that development in this line of research will continue to increase and serve as a great contribution to preserve the environment in coming years, with themes that focus on water treatment (e.g., drinking water, wastewater, greywater), removal of heavy metals, ammonium, ammonia, and construction.

ACS Style

Fernando Morante-Carballo; Néstor Montalván-Burbano; Paúl Carrión-Mero; Kelly Jácome-Francis. Worldwide Research Analysis on Natural Zeolites as Environmental Remediation Materials. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6378 .

AMA Style

Fernando Morante-Carballo, Néstor Montalván-Burbano, Paúl Carrión-Mero, Kelly Jácome-Francis. Worldwide Research Analysis on Natural Zeolites as Environmental Remediation Materials. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6378.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fernando Morante-Carballo; Néstor Montalván-Burbano; Paúl Carrión-Mero; Kelly Jácome-Francis. 2021. "Worldwide Research Analysis on Natural Zeolites as Environmental Remediation Materials." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6378.

Journal article
Published: 30 May 2021 in Minerals
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The Zaruma-Portovelo mining district in Ecuador, and in particular, Portovelo City, is home to the oldest mining museum in the country. This museum, named Museo Mineralógico Magner Turner (MMMT in Spanish), is a centre that reflects, through its collections, the history and culture of this territory. This work aimed to evaluate the MMMT as a possible geosite by analysing its contributions to the geomining heritage of the Zaruma-Portovelo district, and thus, to enhance it and promote its collections as a geotouristic attraction. The work involved three phases: (i) describing the museum and its surroundings; (ii) a semiquantitative evaluation of the museum using the Brilha method and a geosites assessment model (GAM); and (iii) a qualitative evaluation using the Delphi and SWOT methodologies to define strategies and proposals for museum development. The results obtained by the semiquantitative evaluation of the geosite with the Brilha method reflect high scientific (330/400), educational (380/400) and touristic (365/400) appeal. The applied GAM shows the museum as a geosite with high principal and additional value, placing it in the Z33 field of the global valuation matrix. In addition, the semiquantitative and qualitative evaluation made it possible to describe the importance of the museum and its collections in the development of the area. The study carried out qualified the museum as a mining site with an appropriate valuation, an example of ex-situ geological heritage conservation and a basis for geotourism development.

ACS Style

Magner Turner-Carrión; Paúl Carrión-Mero; Israel Turner-Salamea; Fernando Morante-Carballo; Maribel Aguilar-Aguilar; Kerly Zambrano-Ruiz; Edgar Berrezueta. A Mineralogical Museum as a Geotourism Attraction: A Case Study. Minerals 2021, 11, 582 .

AMA Style

Magner Turner-Carrión, Paúl Carrión-Mero, Israel Turner-Salamea, Fernando Morante-Carballo, Maribel Aguilar-Aguilar, Kerly Zambrano-Ruiz, Edgar Berrezueta. A Mineralogical Museum as a Geotourism Attraction: A Case Study. Minerals. 2021; 11 (6):582.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Magner Turner-Carrión; Paúl Carrión-Mero; Israel Turner-Salamea; Fernando Morante-Carballo; Maribel Aguilar-Aguilar; Kerly Zambrano-Ruiz; Edgar Berrezueta. 2021. "A Mineralogical Museum as a Geotourism Attraction: A Case Study." Minerals 11, no. 6: 582.

Journal article
Published: 28 May 2021 in Applied Sciences
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Slope stability is determined by pre-conditioning and triggering factors. The evaluation of the stability by scientific criteria provides crucial input into land-use planning and development. This work aimed to evaluate the slope stability of “Las Cabras” hill (Duran, Ecuador) through geological and geotechnical analysis and a susceptibility assessment that allowed the definition of areas potentially susceptible to landslide and detachment for land planning recommendations. The methodology included (i) analysis of background information about the study area; (ii) fieldwork, sampling and laboratory tests; (iii) assessment of susceptibility to landslides and detachment through a theoretical–practical evaluation (using suggestions by various authors); (iv) a safety factor assessment employing the simplified Bishop method; and (v) analysis of the relationship between susceptibility and stability. Sixteen geomechanical stations were evaluated. Of these, seven stations are characterised as category III (medium susceptibility), six stations as category IV (high susceptibility) and three stations as category V (very high susceptibility). According to the susceptibility zoning map, 58.09% of the total area (36.36 Ha) is in the high to very high susceptibility category. The stability analysis based on 16 critical profiles shows that three of these profiles have safety factor values of less than one (0.86, 0.82 and 0.76, respectively), and two profiles have values close to one (1.02 and 1.00). The northern area is conditioned mainly by a vertical slope with an outcrop of fractured and weathered sandstones, thereby favouring rockfall. The landslide vulnerability in the case of the southern zone is principally conditioned by the fact that the slope and dip are parallel. The described characterisation and susceptibility analysis provide a basis for security measures and territorial planning.

ACS Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; Josué Briones-Bitar; Fernando Morante-Carballo; David Stay-Coello; Roberto Blanco-Torrens; Edgar Berrezueta. Evaluation of Slope Stability in an Urban Area as a Basis for Territorial Planning: A Case Study. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 5013 .

AMA Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero, Josué Briones-Bitar, Fernando Morante-Carballo, David Stay-Coello, Roberto Blanco-Torrens, Edgar Berrezueta. Evaluation of Slope Stability in an Urban Area as a Basis for Territorial Planning: A Case Study. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (11):5013.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; Josué Briones-Bitar; Fernando Morante-Carballo; David Stay-Coello; Roberto Blanco-Torrens; Edgar Berrezueta. 2021. "Evaluation of Slope Stability in an Urban Area as a Basis for Territorial Planning: A Case Study." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11: 5013.

Journal article
Published: 30 April 2021 in Water
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The technical and scientific analysis regarding studies of the water surface or groundwater has increasingly taken on a great social impact, which has led to the creation of the term socio-hydrology. Since decision making has a greater weight, considering the social perspective, its study has become more important in the past 20 years. This article aims to carry out a bibliometric analysis related to socio-hydrology using the Scopus database and the application of VOSviewer software for the evaluation of the intellectual structure of socio-hydrology, its conceptual evolution, and its tendencies. The methodology considers (i) search criteria of the research field, (ii) search and document selection, (iii) software and data extraction, and (iv) analysis of results and trends. The results show us the term socio-hydrology as a new scientific discipline that has traces in the Scopus database in the past two decades. However, its application stems from recognising ancestral knowledge alongside other forms of knowledge. Socio-hydrology practice requires participatory models, where the community has a great influence, and for the most part, it guarantees results for the common good. The trend of this topic is growing and open to the criteria of sustainability.

ACS Style

Gricelda Herrera-Franco; Néstor Montalván-Burbano; Paúl Carrión-Mero; Lady Bravo-Montero. Worldwide Research on Socio-Hydrology: A Bibliometric Analysis. Water 2021, 13, 1283 .

AMA Style

Gricelda Herrera-Franco, Néstor Montalván-Burbano, Paúl Carrión-Mero, Lady Bravo-Montero. Worldwide Research on Socio-Hydrology: A Bibliometric Analysis. Water. 2021; 13 (9):1283.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gricelda Herrera-Franco; Néstor Montalván-Burbano; Paúl Carrión-Mero; Lady Bravo-Montero. 2021. "Worldwide Research on Socio-Hydrology: A Bibliometric Analysis." Water 13, no. 9: 1283.

Journal article
Published: 30 April 2021 in International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics
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Geodiversity and geological heritage are considered to be parallel and closely related concepts of biodiversity and biological heritage. Biodiversity is based and exists on the geodiversity of a territory. In the same way, mining activity and mining heritage are distinguished as contributing to social and economic development. The mining heritage is linked to the geological heritage and has become increasingly important for its social value and relationship with tourist activities. This study aims to analyze these fields' intellectual structure through bibliometrics as a current and innovative methodology that allows a full understanding of their structure and the relationships between these fields of cultural heritage, geodiversity, mining and geotourism. The following methodology considered: i) Search for classified information with scientific rigour in an indexed database, using search descriptors that cover the objective set, ii) analysis of scientific articles through graphical and statistical output schemes, and iii) discussion of the contributions, methodologies used, and trends on the subject. 709 documents of 29 years (1990-2019) from the Scopus database were analyzed. The results show the main themes, countries and influential institutions in cultural heritage, geodiversity, mining and tourism, which address six major research topics ranging from sustainable mining to geodiversity. Extensive information and understanding are provided that other research has partially addressed, allowing current and potential research areas to be identified.

ACS Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; Néstor Montalván-Burbano; Geanella Herrera-Narváez; Fernando Morante-Carballo. Geodiversity and Mining Towards the Development of Geotourism: A Global Perspective. International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 2021, 16, 191 -201.

AMA Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero, Néstor Montalván-Burbano, Geanella Herrera-Narváez, Fernando Morante-Carballo. Geodiversity and Mining Towards the Development of Geotourism: A Global Perspective. International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics. 2021; 16 (2):191-201.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; Néstor Montalván-Burbano; Geanella Herrera-Narváez; Fernando Morante-Carballo. 2021. "Geodiversity and Mining Towards the Development of Geotourism: A Global Perspective." International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 16, no. 2: 191-201.

Journal article
Published: 21 April 2021 in Sustainability
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The inventory and assessment of a geosite in a territory provides a sound basis for the protection and use of its geological heritage. This article aims to evaluate the most relevant geosites in the province of Chimborazo (Ecuador), applying the Spanish Inventory of Sites of Geological Interest (IELIG, in Spanish) method, and proposing alternatives for geotourism development in the studied area. The methodological process was based on: (i) the inventory and preliminary selection of geosites; (ii) a semi-quantitative geosite assessment and proposal of travel itineraries for geotourism; and (iii) the application of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) matrix to establish geotourism development strategies within a framework of sustainability. The global assessment of scientific, tourist, and academic interests demonstrates that 25% of the 20 evaluated geosites have very high interest and 75% have high interest. The top three geosites with the highest degrees of interest are the Chimborazo Volcano, known as ‘Earth’s Closest Point to the Sun’, the Pallatanga geological fault, and the geosite named Comunidad Cacha. The SWOT analysis reveals that travel itineraries that combine cultural heritage elements and geosites could offer a real alternative for the region’s sustainable development through geotourism.

ACS Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; César Borja-Bernal; Gricelda Herrera-Franco; Fernando Morante-Carballo; María Jaya-Montalvo; Alfonso Maldonado-Zamora; Nataly Paz-Salas; Edgar Berrezueta. Geosites and Geotourism in the Local Development of Communities of the Andes Mountains. A Case Study. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4624 .

AMA Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero, César Borja-Bernal, Gricelda Herrera-Franco, Fernando Morante-Carballo, María Jaya-Montalvo, Alfonso Maldonado-Zamora, Nataly Paz-Salas, Edgar Berrezueta. Geosites and Geotourism in the Local Development of Communities of the Andes Mountains. A Case Study. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4624.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; César Borja-Bernal; Gricelda Herrera-Franco; Fernando Morante-Carballo; María Jaya-Montalvo; Alfonso Maldonado-Zamora; Nataly Paz-Salas; Edgar Berrezueta. 2021. "Geosites and Geotourism in the Local Development of Communities of the Andes Mountains. A Case Study." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4624.

Journal article
Published: 21 April 2021 in Sustainability
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The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of academic research on professional success, using the bibliometric analysis to understand the evolution of this field between the years 1990 and 2020. The information was obtained from the publications indexed in the Scopus database, under a rigorous bibliometric process that comprises five parts: (i) criteria search of the field, (ii) selection of database and documents, (iii) inclusion and selection criteria, (iv) software and data selection, and (v) analysis and results. The results show professional success as a scientific discipline in full exponential growth, which allows us to consider the main contributions of authors, institutions, and international contributions, as well as to consider the main themes that have shaped the intellectual structure of the subject through their visualization using bibliometric maps of co-citation and co-occurrence, which combined showed eight main lines of research. The results obtained allowed us to identify patterns of convergence and divergence in various topics, which allows obtaining current and diverse information on the state of the research field’s art.

ACS Style

Roberto Pico-Saltos; Paúl Carrión-Mero; Néstor Montalván-Burbano; Javier Garzás; Andrés Redchuk. Research Trends in Career Success: A Bibliometric Review. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4625 .

AMA Style

Roberto Pico-Saltos, Paúl Carrión-Mero, Néstor Montalván-Burbano, Javier Garzás, Andrés Redchuk. Research Trends in Career Success: A Bibliometric Review. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4625.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roberto Pico-Saltos; Paúl Carrión-Mero; Néstor Montalván-Burbano; Javier Garzás; Andrés Redchuk. 2021. "Research Trends in Career Success: A Bibliometric Review." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4625.

Journal article
Published: 28 March 2021 in Water
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Modeling an aquifer provides significant advantages when evaluating and estimating the water resource for its sustainable use. This study focuses on the rural parish Manglaralto, a semi-arid area with a shortage of water, and without supply service by the public network. Still, it has a great demand for supply by the local and floating population (tourism). This has caused the coastal aquifer, which supplies the area’s water, to show signs of overexploitation, and its natural balance is compromised. The aim is to establish a geometric model of the aquifer through geological and geophysical analysis to set sustainable water-use guidelines. The methodology includes: (i) the processing of the current technical and hydrogeological information to know the aquifer’s data; (ii) geometric modeling of the aquifer through the correlation of technical information, using the GeoModeller software; (iii) proposals for the sustainable use of water in the framework of the United Nations’ Agenda 2030. The geometric model results reveal that the aquifer’s thickness varies from 4 m at the head of the river to 30 m at the sea’s mouth. The volume of water is estimated at 13.6 Hm3. The sustainable-use proposals ensure that more than half of the population receives the community company’s service. More than 40% of the territory is a protected area, and 64% of the population has sewerage service. This geometric model is a visual contribution that allows us to know the aquifer’s shape and establishes guidelines that help strengthen the water supply’s development and sustainability over time.

ACS Style

Paul Carrión-Mero; Ximena Quiñonez-Barzola; Fernando Morante-Carballo; F. Montalván; Gricelda Herrera-Franco; José Plaza-Úbeda. Geometric Model of a Coastal Aquifer to Promote the Sustainable Use of Water. Manglaralto, Ecuador. Water 2021, 13, 923 .

AMA Style

Paul Carrión-Mero, Ximena Quiñonez-Barzola, Fernando Morante-Carballo, F. Montalván, Gricelda Herrera-Franco, José Plaza-Úbeda. Geometric Model of a Coastal Aquifer to Promote the Sustainable Use of Water. Manglaralto, Ecuador. Water. 2021; 13 (7):923.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paul Carrión-Mero; Ximena Quiñonez-Barzola; Fernando Morante-Carballo; F. Montalván; Gricelda Herrera-Franco; José Plaza-Úbeda. 2021. "Geometric Model of a Coastal Aquifer to Promote the Sustainable Use of Water. Manglaralto, Ecuador." Water 13, no. 7: 923.

Journal article
Published: 28 March 2021 in Minerals
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Travel itineraries are fundamental in the development of tourism of a given area. Traditional thematic routes (e.g., architectural, archaeological) can be significantly improved and optimized by including geological and mining interest sites. The present study offers an analysis of the influence that inclusion of geosites or mining sites could have on the existing routes of the Zaruma-Portovelo region (Ecuador), together with a global assessment of these itineraries as the basis of fostering local development in communities of the region. The methodology consists of the following stages: (i) compilation of existing travel itineraries; (ii) analysis and assessment of those geosites and mining sites that are included in two geotouristic routes through the Spanish Inventory of Places of Geological Interest method (IELIG, acronym in Spanish), but have not been assessed previously; (iii) assessment of existing routes (two geotouristic routes and one geomining route) from a global perspective through the Geotouristic Route Assessment Matrix method (GtRAM, acronym in Spanish); and (iv) definition of strategies for the development and promotion of travel itineraries within the context of geotourism. According to the results of quantitative assessment, three new sites (both geosites and mining sites) were studied and their obtained score of interest was “High” (164/400). The existing routes achieved good results both from the geological-mining perspective “High” score of (189/400) and within a global context “Very High” score of (3.5/5). The quantitative assessment allowed us to propose improvement strategies to disseminate and use these itineraries to unfold sustainable development based on geotourism.

ACS Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; Geanella Herrera-Narváez; Gricelda Herrera-Franco; Emily Sánchez-Zambrano; Josep Mata-Perelló; Edgar Berrezueta. Assessment and Promotion of Geotouristic and Geomining Routes as a Basis for Local Development: A Case Study. Minerals 2021, 11, 351 .

AMA Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero, Geanella Herrera-Narváez, Gricelda Herrera-Franco, Emily Sánchez-Zambrano, Josep Mata-Perelló, Edgar Berrezueta. Assessment and Promotion of Geotouristic and Geomining Routes as a Basis for Local Development: A Case Study. Minerals. 2021; 11 (4):351.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; Geanella Herrera-Narváez; Gricelda Herrera-Franco; Emily Sánchez-Zambrano; Josep Mata-Perelló; Edgar Berrezueta. 2021. "Assessment and Promotion of Geotouristic and Geomining Routes as a Basis for Local Development: A Case Study." Minerals 11, no. 4: 351.

Journal article
Published: 16 March 2021 in Sustainability
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In the last decade, in the mining district of Zaruma-Portovelo, there has been significant land subsidence related to uncontrolled mining activity. The purpose of this work was to carry out a surface and underground geomechanical characterization of a mining sector north of the city of Zaruma that allows the definition of potentially unstable areas susceptible to the mass movement. The methodology used consists of the following stages: (i) compilation of previous studies; (ii) surface and underground characterization of rocky material to establish its susceptibility to mass movement; (iii) interpretation of results; and (iv) proposal of action measures. Among the most relevant results, it stands out that 26.1% of the 23 stations characterized on the surface present conditions that vary from potentially unstable to unstable. In underground galleries, the studied mean values of the 17 stations indicate that the rock has a medium to good quality, representing a medium susceptibility to gallery destabilization. The results obtained for the surface areas (depths up to 50 m, where altered materials predominate) and the underground areas (depths > 50 m, where the alterations are specific) can be used to identify the areas with a more significant potential for instability. For both cases, it has been possible to define specific monitoring, control, and planning actions for sensitive areas.

ACS Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; Maribel Aguilar-Aguilar; Fernando Morante-Carballo; María Domínguez-Cuesta; Cristhian Sánchez-Padilla; Andrés Sánchez-Zambrano; Josué Briones-Bitar; Roberto Blanco-Torrens; Javier Córdova-Rizo; Edgar Berrezueta. Surface and Underground Geomechanical Characterization of an Area Affected by Instability Phenomena in Zaruma Mining Zone (Ecuador). Sustainability 2021, 13, 3272 .

AMA Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero, Maribel Aguilar-Aguilar, Fernando Morante-Carballo, María Domínguez-Cuesta, Cristhian Sánchez-Padilla, Andrés Sánchez-Zambrano, Josué Briones-Bitar, Roberto Blanco-Torrens, Javier Córdova-Rizo, Edgar Berrezueta. Surface and Underground Geomechanical Characterization of an Area Affected by Instability Phenomena in Zaruma Mining Zone (Ecuador). Sustainability. 2021; 13 (6):3272.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; Maribel Aguilar-Aguilar; Fernando Morante-Carballo; María Domínguez-Cuesta; Cristhian Sánchez-Padilla; Andrés Sánchez-Zambrano; Josué Briones-Bitar; Roberto Blanco-Torrens; Javier Córdova-Rizo; Edgar Berrezueta. 2021. "Surface and Underground Geomechanical Characterization of an Area Affected by Instability Phenomena in Zaruma Mining Zone (Ecuador)." Sustainability 13, no. 6: 3272.

Journal article
Published: 19 February 2021 in Water
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Coastal aquifers are strategic and fundamental in the development of touristic areas. The coastal aquifer within the Manglaralto River Basin in Ecuador is essential, as it is the only source of water supply for a large part of the northern part of the Santa Elena province. It is a semi-arid region where high volumes of water are pumped from the aquifer, causing a significant drawdown of groundwater levels, thus affecting the water quality. This work aims to characterize the characteristics of groundwater in the coastal aquifer using hydrochemistry and stable isotopes to propose a hydrogeological conceptual model. The methodology for determining the chemical and isotopic characteristics of groundwater follows the following scheme: (i) studies of ionic concentrations using the Piper diagram, (ii) assessment of the origin of salinity through the Cl/Br ratio, the presence of seawater intrusion through the Hydrochemical Facies Evolution Diagram HFE-D, (iii) characterization of precipitation events using stable isotopes (18O and 2H), and, (iv) development of a hydrogeological conceptual model of the study area. The results indicate that in the basin there are mixing processes of the existing water in the aquifer with recharge water, direct cation exchange processes in the freshening process during recharge, and evaporation in the unsaturated zone. A conceptual model of the flow system in the basin is built, based on the mentioned processes. The main conclusions are: seawater intrusion is present in the areas of the wells located closest to the coast, urban activity through septic tanks is affecting the quality of the aquifer, and rainfall is highly relevant in the different hydrochemical and isotopic processes that operate in the basin.

ACS Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; F. Montalván; Fernando Morante-Carballo; Javier Heredia; F. Elorza; Joselyne Solórzano; Héctor Aguilera. Hydrochemical and Isotopic Characterization of the Waters of the Manglaralto River Basin (Ecuador) to Contribute to the Management of the Coastal Aquifer. Water 2021, 13, 537 .

AMA Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero, F. Montalván, Fernando Morante-Carballo, Javier Heredia, F. Elorza, Joselyne Solórzano, Héctor Aguilera. Hydrochemical and Isotopic Characterization of the Waters of the Manglaralto River Basin (Ecuador) to Contribute to the Management of the Coastal Aquifer. Water. 2021; 13 (4):537.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; F. Montalván; Fernando Morante-Carballo; Javier Heredia; F. Elorza; Joselyne Solórzano; Héctor Aguilera. 2021. "Hydrochemical and Isotopic Characterization of the Waters of the Manglaralto River Basin (Ecuador) to Contribute to the Management of the Coastal Aquifer." Water 13, no. 4: 537.

Journal article
Published: 08 February 2021 in Water
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Coastal aquifers are part of the natural resources contributing to local development and promote resilience in the most vulnerable communities near the sea. Manglaralto, an Ecuadorian coastal parish, is affected by water resource scarcity. The increase in salinity and deterioration of the water quality is generated by the local and floating population’s demand, causing an increase in the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) concentrations and decreasing the aquifer’s piezometric levels. The aim is to establish a numerical model of flow and transport of the Manglaralto coastal aquifer by using hydrogeological data and Visual Transin software, relating the hydraulic importance of a dyke’s design (“tape”) and its impact on the quality of the water. The methodology is (i) hydrogeological database analysis, (ii) the system’s recharge concerning the soil water balance, (iii) the boundary conditions of the flow and transport model and, (iv) the results and validation of the numerical simulation. The results configure the importance of the coastal aquifer’s artificial recharge in the area where the tape is located, as reflected in the increase in piezometric levels and the decrease in salinity in wells near the sea. In conclusion, the numerical model of flow and transport allows expanding the knowledge of the variation of the piezometric levels and TDS concentrations over time, the importance of recharge in the hydrogeological system’s operation, and correct community management resilience and projection to sustainable development.

ACS Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; F. Montalván; Fernando Morante-Carballo; Carolina Loor-Flores de Valgas; Boris Apolo-Masache; Javier Heredia. Flow and Transport Numerical Model of a Coastal Aquifer Based on the Hydraulic Importance of a Dyke and Its Impact on Water Quality: Manglaralto—Ecuador. Water 2021, 13, 443 .

AMA Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero, F. Montalván, Fernando Morante-Carballo, Carolina Loor-Flores de Valgas, Boris Apolo-Masache, Javier Heredia. Flow and Transport Numerical Model of a Coastal Aquifer Based on the Hydraulic Importance of a Dyke and Its Impact on Water Quality: Manglaralto—Ecuador. Water. 2021; 13 (4):443.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; F. Montalván; Fernando Morante-Carballo; Carolina Loor-Flores de Valgas; Boris Apolo-Masache; Javier Heredia. 2021. "Flow and Transport Numerical Model of a Coastal Aquifer Based on the Hydraulic Importance of a Dyke and Its Impact on Water Quality: Manglaralto—Ecuador." Water 13, no. 4: 443.

Journal article
Published: 22 January 2021 in Sustainability
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Since the Digne Convention in 1991, the literature related to Geoparks has gained a growing interest on the academy’s part, especially in achieving the preservation of geological interest sites through sustainable tourism. This article aims to provide an analysis of the academic research on Geoparks, based on publications in the Scopus database in the period 2002–2020. Bibliometric analysis methods and bibliographic display maps were examined using VOSviewer software. The bibliometric analysis process comprises three phases: (i) Search Criteria and Source Identification, (ii) software and data extraction, and (iii) data analysis and interpretation. The results show geoparks in full growth as a scientific discipline, thanks to the contribution of various authors, institutions, journals, and related topics that confirm the importance of this field of study. Additionally, bibliometric maps lead to an understanding of the intellectual structure of the subject, in which keyword co-occurrence analysis shows six main themes, ranging from ‘UNESCO Global Geoparks’ to ‘Geo-tourism-Sustainable Tourism’. this, combined with maps of co-citation, broadly exhibits this structure and development, showing areas of current interest and potential development, thus offering the latest knowledge on Geopark research worldwide. There is a growing concentration of research on geomorphological heritage and geo-tourism, focusing on methodologies to evaluate the specialities of this type of heritage and define the concept of geo-tourism; there is a great interest especially in the evaluation and identification of geo-site/geo-morphosites which try to eliminate subjectivity in methods and focus on sustainable development of the localities.

ACS Style

Gricelda Herrera-Franco; Néstor Montalván-Burbano; Paúl Carrión-Mero; María Jaya-Montalvo; Miguel Gurumendi-Noriega. Worldwide Research on Geoparks through Bibliometric Analysis. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1175 .

AMA Style

Gricelda Herrera-Franco, Néstor Montalván-Burbano, Paúl Carrión-Mero, María Jaya-Montalvo, Miguel Gurumendi-Noriega. Worldwide Research on Geoparks through Bibliometric Analysis. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1175.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gricelda Herrera-Franco; Néstor Montalván-Burbano; Paúl Carrión-Mero; María Jaya-Montalvo; Miguel Gurumendi-Noriega. 2021. "Worldwide Research on Geoparks through Bibliometric Analysis." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1175.

Journal article
Published: 14 October 2020 in Sustainability
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The relevant geomorphological characteristics of territory represent an essential part of its natural heritage. They are also an asset to be exploited for stimulating socio-economic development. The “Ruta Escondida” in Ecuador constitutes a historical place full of culture and landscapes that have been shaped over time by geological and geomorphological processes. Among the geomorphological features of the study area, volcanic cones, hilltops, terraces, foothills and glacial valleys stand out. The aims of this work were: (1) to characterize 18 places of geomorphological interest, located in the northern part of the Ruta Escondida and (2) to propose alternatives (geotourism) to contribute to the local development of the area. The applied methodology included: (1) the compilation of geomorphological elements; (2) the assessment of geomorphosites using the Inventario Español de Lugares de Interés Geológico (IELIG) method and (3) a strengths–opportunities–weaknesses–threats analysis of the contribution and influence of geomorphosites in the development of the study area. With this work, it was possible to determine that all the analyzed geomorphological sites have a high and very high interest. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis revealed that the geomorphosites could provide significant added value to the development of geotourism on the route, complementing the already known cultural and historical attractions.

ACS Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; Alicia Ayala-Granda; Sthefano Serrano-Ayala; Fernando Morante-Carballo; Maribel Aguilar-Aguilar; Miguel Gurumendi-Noriega; Nataly Paz-Salas; Gricelda Herrera-Franco; Edgar Berrezueta. Assessment of Geomorphosites for Geotourism in the Northern Part of the “Ruta Escondida” (Quito, Ecuador). Sustainability 2020, 12, 8468 .

AMA Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero, Alicia Ayala-Granda, Sthefano Serrano-Ayala, Fernando Morante-Carballo, Maribel Aguilar-Aguilar, Miguel Gurumendi-Noriega, Nataly Paz-Salas, Gricelda Herrera-Franco, Edgar Berrezueta. Assessment of Geomorphosites for Geotourism in the Northern Part of the “Ruta Escondida” (Quito, Ecuador). Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8468.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paúl Carrión-Mero; Alicia Ayala-Granda; Sthefano Serrano-Ayala; Fernando Morante-Carballo; Maribel Aguilar-Aguilar; Miguel Gurumendi-Noriega; Nataly Paz-Salas; Gricelda Herrera-Franco; Edgar Berrezueta. 2020. "Assessment of Geomorphosites for Geotourism in the Northern Part of the “Ruta Escondida” (Quito, Ecuador)." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8468.

Journal article
Published: 09 October 2020 in Geosciences
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Rockfall is one of the main phenomena in mountainous environments due to its fast and high speed of movement, its unpredictability, and, therefore, the difficulty of identifying signs of instability and detachment of the blocks. Compared to other types of sliding, the proportion of rockfall research is smaller and sometimes little known, but, in the last five years, rapid growth in this area has been shown. Therefore, this research aimed to review the intellectual structure of rockfall, through analysis of scientific production using bibliometric techniques that allow its analysis, knowledge, global evolution, and future trends in rockfall. The research methodology consists of three steps: (1) data compilation, (2) software and data cleaning, and (3) analysis, interpretation, and visualization. This analysis focuses on the period from 1975 to 2019. For the data, a total of 811 academic publications were retrieved from the Scopus database. The results indicate an increasing trend of annual publications on rockfall. This analysis reveals the main topics, countries, and most influential institutions in the world that have carried out relevant research in scientific publications; it also shows the journals that have the most publications. VOSviewer software was adopted to evaluate the co-occurrence of author keywords. Currently, the hotspots rockfall issues mainly include: hazard-risk assessment, remote sensing, and rockfall monitoring. Finally, this article analyzes the limitations of current research and proposes a future direction for the development of new research.

ACS Style

Josué Briones-Bitar; Paúl Carrión-Mero; Néstor Montalván-Burbano; Fernando Morante-Carballo. Rockfall Research: A Bibliometric Analysis and Future Trends. Geosciences 2020, 10, 403 .

AMA Style

Josué Briones-Bitar, Paúl Carrión-Mero, Néstor Montalván-Burbano, Fernando Morante-Carballo. Rockfall Research: A Bibliometric Analysis and Future Trends. Geosciences. 2020; 10 (10):403.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Josué Briones-Bitar; Paúl Carrión-Mero; Néstor Montalván-Burbano; Fernando Morante-Carballo. 2020. "Rockfall Research: A Bibliometric Analysis and Future Trends." Geosciences 10, no. 10: 403.

Journal article
Published: 08 October 2020 in Sustainability
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Resilience has several meanings, among them the ability to overcome difficulty and return to the state of providing service, even if the initial conditions change. Assessing resilience in an ecosystem, or any system, requires a concise methodology with standard variables and parameters. The current challenge presented by coastal areas is focused on overcoming problems related to the water supply through correct management. This paper aims to evaluate the communal coastal aquifer system with a matrix for assessing water resilience based on indicators in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in a socio-hydrological framework and the four axes of development (political, social, environmental, and cultural), to promote the development of new strategies for water sustainability. The method is based on (i) political, economic, social, environmental, and even cultural aspects involved in sustainable water management and (ii) the groundwater resilience assessment method (GRAM) design. The GRAM is used for a quasi-quantitative assessment of the resilience in a communal coastal aquifer system. This method was applied to the Manglaralto community; the results show a highly resilient groundwater system (62.33/100 points). Representatives of the community have achieved appropriate use, management, and conservation of the water resource by applying water harvesting and other technical criteria. Hence, they have avoided aquifer overexploitation and provided water to the community.

ACS Style

Gricelda Herrera-Franco; Paúl Carrión-Mero; Maribel Aguilar-Aguilar; Fernando Morante-Carballo; María Jaya-Montalvo; M.C. Morillo-Balsera. Groundwater Resilience Assessment in a Communal Coastal Aquifer System. The Case of Manglaralto in Santa Elena, Ecuador. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8290 .

AMA Style

Gricelda Herrera-Franco, Paúl Carrión-Mero, Maribel Aguilar-Aguilar, Fernando Morante-Carballo, María Jaya-Montalvo, M.C. Morillo-Balsera. Groundwater Resilience Assessment in a Communal Coastal Aquifer System. The Case of Manglaralto in Santa Elena, Ecuador. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (19):8290.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gricelda Herrera-Franco; Paúl Carrión-Mero; Maribel Aguilar-Aguilar; Fernando Morante-Carballo; María Jaya-Montalvo; M.C. Morillo-Balsera. 2020. "Groundwater Resilience Assessment in a Communal Coastal Aquifer System. The Case of Manglaralto in Santa Elena, Ecuador." Sustainability 12, no. 19: 8290.