As artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are increasingly integrated into emergency management, ethical considerations demand greater attention. Essential components of comprehensive emergency management include mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery, which should serve as the foundation for integrating AI-driven science and technologies to effectively safeguard populations and infrastructure in times of crisis. This paper reviewed the ethical challenges of AI in emergency management in terms of critical issues, best practices, applications, emerging ethical considerations, and strategies addressing ethical challenges. Three core ethical themes are identified: algorithmic bias; privacy, transparency and accountability; and human–AI collaboration. This paper thoroughly analyzed the associated ethical challenges, reviewed the theoretical frameworks and proposed strategies to mitigate ethical challenges by strengthening the audits of algorithms, enhancing transparency in AI decision-making, and incorporating stakeholder engagement. Finally, the importance of creating policies to govern AI ethics was discussed.

Purpose: This paper aims to examine the status of literature on the adoption and perception of personal intelligent agents (PIAs) among older adults. Design/methodology/approach: A semi-systematic literature review approach was adopted. To locate pertinent articles, we searched 11 databases across multiple disciplines and utilized search engines like Google Scholar. The search was conducted using the following keywords and keyword combinations: older adults, elderly, PIAs and conversational agents. The selected articles included peer-reviewed articles published between 2013 and 2023 and written in English. Findings: Older adults utilize PIAs for such tasks as entertainment, time and reminders, information searches, daily assistants, smart home control, healthcare and companionship. Additionally, older adults face challenges when using PIAs, including privacy concerns, uncertain information, out-of-context behavior, speech recognition, wake words and complex query processing. Originality/value: It contributes to the body of knowledge on the use of emerging technologies by older adults and offers recommendations for future PIA design. It bridges a critical gap in understanding how older adults engage with and adopt PIAs.