Contrast-enhanced ultrasound, microvascular imaging, elastography, and fat quantification have varying degrees of utility, with some applications in the pediatric setting mirroring that in adults and having unique uses when applied to children in others. This review will present novel ultrasound technologies and the clinical context in which they are applied to the pediatric abdomen. New ultrasound technologies have a broad range of applications in clinical practice and represent a powerful diagnostic tool with the potential to replace other imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography, in specific cases.

Background: One of the greatest developments in modern medicine is the strides taken in radiology. Today, thanks to high-tech devices like computer tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound, a noninvasive glimpse into the human interior has been made possible. These recent developments have revolutionized how doctors see anatomy. To keep pace with this progress, many medical school anatomy curriculums have undergone a facelift. In these new curriculums, radiology has been presented as a practical and sufficient alternative tool for learning anatomy. This study, therefore, aimed to determine the extent of the use of radiologic images in the teaching of anatomy in Ethiopian medical schools. Methods: An online questionnaire was used to collect, compile and analyze data from anatomy instructors in Ethiopian medical schools. Results: The survey showed that 55.9% of the instructors used radiologic images of one form or another in their teaching. However, it also revealed radiological images comprise < 5% of the total images used in teaching. The majority (73.5%) of the instructors lacked any prior training or coursework in radiologic anatomy. Despite full-time radiology faculties existing in the schools, a relationship between the anatomy and radiology department is virtually unheard of. Conclusion: The curriculum currently in use in Ethiopian medical schools is designed in a way both vertical and horizontal integration of the traditional subjects are achieved. This way, the introduction of clinical medicine early will provide context and relevance to the learning of basic science. Despite the curriculum’s emphasis, we have observed limitations in the degree of integration of anatomy and radiology.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound and elastography are two ultrasound technologies that are becoming increasingly popular in the evaluation of different abdominal pathologies in children. The use of these technologies has expanded the diagnostic scope of ultrasound into areas that were traditionally covered by advanced imaging modalities such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and fluoroscopy. In this review, we summarize the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound and elastography in the evaluation of hepatic, renal, pancreatic, splenic, urinary tract, and scrotal pathologies in children. We describe the technical aspects, applications, and limitations, intending to make readers more acquainted with the technologies.

Background: One of the greatest developments in modern medicine is the strides taken in Radiology. Today, thanks to high tech gadgets like computer tomography (CT) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound a noninvasive glimpse into the human interior has been made possible. Albeit few medical specialties still “open and see”, it is believed anatomical challenges to the majorities of practicing physicians come via this venue. To keep pace to this new development many medical school anatomy curriculums have undergone a face lift; emphasizing in their syllabus on radiologic Anatomy. This therefore is a work to determine if the strides taken in clinical radiology are paralleled in Ethiopian anatomic classes.Methodology: Through the Ethiopian anatomical society, members offering gross anatomy course to undergraduate medical students were identified. Once the identified individual had agreed to participate in our survey, an e-mail was sent directing them to the Web site that hosted the survey. Subsequently survey responses were compiled and analyzed.Result: Among 28 public medical schools found in Ethiopia, faculties from 20 medical schools participated. Of 42 anatomists available in these medical schools, 34 responded to the survey questions making response rate at 80.9%. The survey showed 55.9% of the instructors used radiologic images of one form or another in their teaching. However, it also revealed radiologic images comprise <5% of the total teaching images. It also showed majority (73.5%) of the instructors lacked any prior training or course work in radiologic anatomy. Despite full time radiology faculties existing in the schools a relationship between the anatomy and radiology department is virtually unheard of. Conclusion: This survey clearly indicated the role radiologic anatomy plays to be at rudimentary level. We have identified lack of prior training on the part of the instructors. We, therefore, recommend the concerned authorities provide continue medical education on radiologic anatomy.