The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of endometrial polyps in patients with uterine fibroids and associated factors of coexistence of these two pathologies. The medical records of 772 patients who underwent hysterectomy because of uterine fibroids were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of endometrial polyps in the histopathologic examination. Demographic, clinical and histopathologic findings of the patients with and without endometrial polyps were compared. Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson's Chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. The prevalence of the endometrial polyps in uterine fibroid cases was found 20.1% (n=155). Age ≥45 years (odds ratio [OR] 1.61; 95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.06-2.44]; p=0.014), presence of hypertension (23.9% vs. 17.5%; p=0.047), endometrial hyperplasia (OR 4.00; 95% CI: [1.92-8.33]; p<0.001) and cervical polyps (OR 3.13; 95% CI: [1.69-5.88]; p<0.001) were significantly associated with the coexistence of endometrial polyps and uterine fibroids. Endometrial polyps were more common in patients with ≥2 fibroids (p=0.023) and largest fibroid <8 cm (p=0.009). A negative correlation was found between condom use and endometrial polyps (8.1% vs. 3.9%; p=0.044). The prevalence of the endometrial polyps coexisting with uterine fibroids was 20.1%. Age, hypertension, endometrial hyperplasia, cervical polyps, and number of fibroids were positively correlated; condom use and size of largest fibroid were negatively correlated with the coexistence of these two pathologies.

Objective: Accurate preoperative differentiation between benign endometrial conditions and malignancies is essential for guiding therapeutic interventions. However, high-quality evidence regarding the diagnostic accuracy of endometrial sampling techniques remains insufficient. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of hysteroscopically directed biopsy, Pipelle suction curettage, and dilatation and curettage (D&C) for detecting endometrial hyperplasia or carcinoma in premenopausal women and to identify associated risk factors. Methods: A retrospective single-center cohort analysis was conducted on 2054 premenopausal women. Demographic, clinical, and obstetric data, along with biopsy techniques and histopathological findings, were recorded. Diagnostic accuracy of biopsy methods was compared against definitive surgical pathology. Results: The prevalence of endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma was 5.6% and 1.0%, respectively. Hysteroscopically directed biopsy demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy (AUC 0.957) compared to D&C (AUC 0.909) and Pipelle suction curettage (AUC 0.858). Sensitivity was highest for hysteroscopically directed biopsy (91.3%), followed by D&C (82.0%) and Pipelle suction curettage (71.7%), while specificity remained excellent across all methods (p < 0.001). Elevated BMI increased the risk of hyperplasia or carcinoma by 1.05 times per unit increase (OR = 1.054, p = 0.005), while hypertension nearly doubled the risk (OR = 1.99, p = 0.009). Multiparity showed protective effects, reducing risk with each additional delivery (OR = 0.877, p = 0.029). Conclusions: Hysteroscopically directed biopsy provides superior diagnostic accuracy for detecting endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma in premenopausal women. Hypertension and elevated BMI increase risk, while multiparity offers protective benefits.

Background: Sirtuins and FoxO1 are reported to be important in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. This study aimed to investigate whether serum FoxO1 and SIRT2 concentrations differ between preeclampsia and normal pregnancy and also to compare these markers in early- and late-onset preeclampsia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 27 women with early-onset preeclampsia, 27 women with late-onset preeclampsia, and 26 healthy normotensive pregnant controls. Maternal serum levels of FoxO1 and SIRT2 were measured with the use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results: The mean maternal serum FoxO1 levels were significantly lower both in early-onset (9.1 ± 3.8 vs. 29.1 ± 3.2, p < 0.001) and late-onset preeclampsia (2.6 ± 1.6 vs. 29.1 ± 3.2, p < 0.001) than the normotensive pregnancies. The mean maternal serum FoxO1 level of late-onset preeclampsia was significantly lower than the early-onset preeclampsia group (2.6 ± 1.6 vs. 9.1 ± 3.8, p < 0.001). The mean maternal serum SIRT2 levels were significantly lower both in early-onset (4.5 ± 2.1 vs. 6.3 ± 0.9, p < 0.001) and late-onset preeclampsia (2.1 ± 0.6 vs. 6.3 ± 0.9, p < 0.001) than the healthy pregnancies. Conclusions: FoxO1 and SIRT2 may be biomarkers for early detection of preeclampsia and potential therapeutic targets in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia.

BACKGROUND Endometrial polyps are a common gynecological condition that often cause significant clinical symptoms. Hysteroscopic resection is considered the gold standard treatment; however, recurrence remains a notable risk even after surgery. The recurrence of endometrial polyps after surgery raises concerns for women, due to persistent symptoms and potential malignancy risk. Therefore, this study aims to identify factors influencing recurrence in reproductive-aged women undergoing hysteroscopic polyp resection. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of 1021 reproductive-aged women who underwent hysteroscopic polypectomy for abnormal uterine bleeding between 2010 and 2024. Diagnoses were confirmed by histopathological examination. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to determine predictors of recurrence. RESULTS Endometrial polyp recurrence occurred in 8% of patients, with a median recurrence time of 42.5 months. Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) treatment significantly reduced recurrence (odds ratio [OR]=0.043, 95% CI=0.019-0.097, P<0.001). Risk factors for recurrence included adenomyosis (OR=10.297, 95% CI=5.251-20.188, P<0.001), polycystic ovarian syndrome (OR=8.990, 95% CI=2.855-28.312, P<0.001), body mass index ≥30 kg/m² (OR=8.698, 95% CI=4.521-16.736, P<0.001), tamoxifen use (OR=6.088, 95% CI: 1.936-19.140, P=0.002), and leiomyoma uteri (OR=4.012, 95% CI: 2.143-7.509, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Clinicians should inform patients at high risk, including those with adenomyosis, myoma uteri, polycystic ovarian syndrome, or tamoxifen use, about the increased risk of recurrence and should conduct regular follow-ups. LNG-IUS treatment can be considered for the prevention of recurrence and enhancement of management strategies.

Objectives: Considerable debate exists among guidelines regarding when cervical cancer screening can be safely stopped. The authors aimed to compare the efficiency of human papillomavirus (HPV) test, cytology, and previous screening history for the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2+ lesions in women aged older than 65 years. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. Multiple logistic regressions were used to compare the efficiency of the HPV test, cytology, and previous screening history for the diagnosis of histologically proven CIN 2+ lesions. Results: A total of 5,427 women were included in the study. A total of 2,143 women were tested with HPV and 52 (2.4%) of them were HPV-positive. Abnormal cytology was detected in 359 (6.6%) women. Most of the women (70.4%) had inadequate screening in the previous 10 years. According to regression analysis, an HPV-positive test increases the risk of probability of CIN 2+ 136.111 times [95% CI for odds ratio (OR) = 41.212–449.538] compared with an HPV-negative test (p < .001). Abnormal cytology increases the probability of CIN 2+ 13.072 times (95% CI for OR = 3.878–44.062) compared with normal cytology (p < .001). Inadequate or positive previous screening increases the likelihood of CIN 2+ 9.705 times (95% CI for OR = 1.603–58.756) compared with adequate and negative previous screening (p = .013). Conclusions: Adequate previous screening is a valuable strategy, and abnormal cytology is an important screening test in women aged older than 65 years. However, the HPV test is the most determinant parameter for CIN 2+ risk in elderly women.

Amaç: COVID-19 pandemisi, sağlık sorunlarına neden olduğu gibi toplumsal düzeyde alınan önlemler nedeniyle de olumsuz sosoyoekonomik sonuçlara, insanların günlük yaşamında da kısıtlamalara yol açmıştır. Amacımız, global ve ulusal olumsuz sonuçlara yol açan COVID-19 pandemisinde maternal anksiyete ve depresyonun prevelansının araştırılması, anksiyete ve depresyona etki eden faktörlerin belirlenmesidir. Gereçler ve yöntem: Temmuz-Kasım 2020 tarihlerinde kliniğimize kontrol amaçlı başvuran gebeler çalışma kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmaya dâhil edilen gebelerden pandemi döneminde davranışlarını ve demografik özelliklerini içeren sorulara yanıt vermeleri istenmiştir. Katılımcıların depresyon ve anksiyete seviyeleri, Beck depresyon ve Beck anksiyete ölçekleri ile araştırılmıştır. Anksiyete ve depresyona etki eden faktörler multipl lojistik regresyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: 310 gebe çalışma kapsamında değerlendirildi. Katılımcıların medyan yaşı 29 (25.-75. Yüzdelik; 25-33) olarak bulundu. 198 (%63,9) olguda anksiyete tespit edilirken, 86 (%27,7 )olguda depresyon tespit edildi. COVID-19 pandemisinde anksiyete riskinin şehir merkezinde yaşama ile arttığı (OR: 10,269 95% CI: 5,676-18,580, P