Background: The family Buprestidae is one of the largest families in Coleoptera; however, the number of reported mitochondrial genomes for this family is limited. Methods: In this study, mitogenomes of Chrysobothris violacea, C. shirakii, Buprestis fairmairei, and Phaenops yin were sequenced, assembled, and annotated. The mitogenomes of Chrysobothris, Phaenops, and Buprestis are reported for the first time. Results: The mitogenomes of Chrysobothris violacea, C. shirakii, and Phaenops yin are complete, while the mitogenome of Buprestis fairmairei is partial, lacking trnV and 12S genes. The AT-skew of these four mitogenomes is positive (0.02–0.09). Among the protein-coding genes, the Ka/Ks ratio for cox1 is the lowest (0.05), and the nucleotide diversity for nd6 is the highest. Conclusions: The phylogenetic trees based on mitogenome sequences suggest that the target genus Chrysobothris is sister to Phaenops, and the target genus Buprestis is sister to (Melanophila + (Chrysobothris + Phaenops)) clade. The results of this study will provide mitogenomic data for further research on the mitogenome and phylogeny of Buprestidae.

Luprops orientalis (Motschulsky, 1868) is an economically important pest in traditional Chinese medicines, widely distributed in East Asia. However, the primary limiting factors affecting its distribution, potential suitable areas, as well as its response to global warming, remain largely unknown. Utilizing 295 filtered distribution points and 10 environmental variables (9 climate variables and 1 land cover type), this study uses the MaxEnt model to predict the potential distribution of L. orientalis under near-current and future environmental change scenarios. The results indicated that precipitation of the warmest quarter (bio18), temperature seasonality (bio04), and precipitation of the wettest month (bio13) were the most significant environmental variables affecting the distribution of suitable habitats for L. orientalis, while the contribution of average variation in daytime temperature (bio2) was the smallest. Under the near-current climate, the areas of low, moderate, and high suitability for L. orientalis are approximately 1.02 × 10⁶ km², 1.65 × 10⁶ km², and 8.22 × 10⁵ km², respectively. The suitable areas are primarily located in North China, Central China, the Korean Peninsula, and Central and Southern Japan. Under future climate conditions, the potential suitable areas are expected to expand significantly, especially in Central China. However, the high-suitability areas in North China are predicted to experience a slight reduction. With the increase in carbon emission concentrations, the suitable area shows an increasing trend in the 2050s, followed by a declining trend in the 2090s. The centroids of suitable areas will shift to the northeast in the future. These findings enhance our understanding of how climate change affects the distribution of L. orientalis and will assist governments in formulating effective pest control strategies, including widespread monitoring and stringent quarantine measures.

To explore the mitogenome characteristics of Tetratomidae and the phylogenetic position of this family in Tenebrionoidea, the mitogenome of Penthe kochi Mařan, 1940 was sequenced, annotated, and analyzed. The P. kochi mitogenome is consistent with Tenebrionoidea species in gene length, genomic organization, codon usage, and secondary structures of transfer genes (tRNAs). Most protein-coding genes (PCGs) originate with a typical ATN start codon, except nad1 and nad3, which start with TTG. In total, 10 PCGs are terminated with complete stop codon TAA and TAG, while cox1, cox2, and nad 4 contain an incomplete stop codon T-. Among the 13 PCGs, nad2 (Pi = 0.282) has the most diverse nucleotide composition, and cox2 is the most conserved gene with the lowest value (Pi = 0.154). The Ka/Ks ratio of cox1 (0.076) and cox2 (0.124) has a lower value. All the tRNAs can be folded in a typical clover-leaf secondary structure, except trnS1, which lacked a dihydrouridine arm. And phylogenetic analyses were performed based on 13 PCGs using the Bayesian inference (BI) method. The results showed that the clade of Tenebrionoidea was well separated from the outgroups, and Tetratomidae and Mycetophagidae were not well resolved. Phylogenetic analyses with more mitogenome samplings are needed to resolve the phylogeny of Tenebrionoidea.

The number of known mitochondrial genomes in Buprestidae is limited, especially in Chrysochroinae, which seriously hinders the phylogenetic study of this family. The mitogenomes of Capnodis miliaris, Lamprodila cupreosplendens, Sphenoptera insidiosa and Philocteanus rubroaureus were sequenced, assembled and annotated in this study. The mitogenomes of these four species are typical circular double-stranded DNA molecules, containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGS), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and a control region (CR). The total lengths of these four mitogenomes are moderate, ranging from 15,778 bp to 16,230 bp. Additionally, their A + T content ranges from 68.76% to 73.47%, showing positive AT-skew values ranging from 0.098 to 0.181. Relative Synonymous Codon Usage (RSCU) analysis indicated that TTT (Phe), ATT (Ile), TCT (Ser2), and TTA (Leu2) are the most frequently used codons. The gene arrangement of four mitogenomes is consistent with the previously reported Buprestidae mitogenomes. Most of the PCGs use ATN as the start codon, with TAA as the stop codon or an incomplete stop codon T-. Phylogenetic trees were constructed based on the PCGs and rRNAs using both maximum-likelihood and Bayesian inference methods. The phylogenetic results showed that Julodinae, Polycestinae, Buprestinae and Agrilinae are monophyletic groups, and Chrysochroinae is a paraphyletic group. As the number of Buprestidae mitogenomes used for polyogenetic analysis increases, the topology of phylogenetic tree shows differences compared to previous studies.

Lagria nigricollis (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is a forest pest, widely distributed in East Asia. The impact of climate change on its distribution is currently unknown. To better understand how the geographic distribution of this species responds to future climate change, this study employed the MaxEnt model, integrating 21 environmental variables, to explore changes in its distribution range under different climate scenarios. The results indicated that the average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the MaxEnt model across different periods is 0.991, demonstrating the reliability of the model’s predictions. The precipitation of the warmest quarter (bio18) and the temperature seasonality (bio04) were the most important environmental variables. Under current conditions, the suitable areas for L. nigricollis are mainly located in China (North China and Central China), the Korean Peninsula, and Japan (Kyushu, Shikoku, and the southern part of Honshu). In the 2050s and 2070s, suitable areas are expected to expand under three socioeconomic pathways, which are 1.08–1.33 times larger than they are currently. The expanded areas are mainly located in the northern part of the current suitable regions. The centroids of suitable areas will shift northward under future climate conditions. To limit the northward expansion of this species, primary control regions will focus on China (the junction of Inner Mongolia–Xinjiang and Northern China), Russia (the southeastern part of the Far Eastern Federal District), and Japan (Hokkaido). The results of this study provide a scientific basis for the forest pest control and distribution prediction of Lagria nigricollis.