A novel actinomycete strain, designated TRM 45387^T, was isolated from a saline-alkali soil in Xinjiang Province (40° 22′ N 79° 08′ E), north-west China. The isolate was characterized using a polyphasic approach. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain TRM 45387^T belonged to the genus Glycomyces and was closely related to Glycomyces arizonensis DSM 44726^T (96.59 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). The G+C content of the DNA was 71.26 mol%. The isolate contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid, and xylose, glucose, galactose, arabinose and ribose as the major whole-cell sugars. The diagnostic phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositolmannosides. The predominant menaquinone was MK-10(H₆). The major fatty acids were iso-C_16 : 0, anteiso-C_17 : 0 and anteiso-C_15 : 0. On the basis of the evidence from this polyphasic study, a novel species, Glycomyces tarimensis sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain of Glycomyces tarimensis is TRM 45387^T ( = CCTCC AA 2014007^T = JCM 30184^T).

Traditional knowledge of edible plants is essential for food security, nutrition, and cultural identity in rural communities, yet many regions, including Mueang District, Yasothon Province (MY), remain underexplored in ethnobotanical studies. The lack of systematic documentation of local plant diversity and uses in MY presents a significant gap in understanding how these resources contribute to the sustainability of local food systems. This study addresses this gap by providing a comprehensive ethnobotanical survey of edible plants in Mueang District, Northeastern Thailand. Documenting 170 species across 60 families, the study reveals a rich plant diversity reflecting a dynamic interplay of native and introduced species, as well as cultivated and wild-harvested resources that sustain local food security, nutrition, and cultural traditions. Fabaceae emerged as the most species-rich family, while staple cereals such as Oryza sativa L. and Zea mays L. dominate use-value rankings. Quantitative indices, including Species Use Value (SUV), Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC), Cultural Food Significance Index (CFSI), and Fidelity Level (%FL), elucidate nuanced patterns of plant utilization, highlighting multifunctional species that bridge food and medicine. High cultural consensus on key medicinal plants underscores the deep integration of traditional healthcare within local food systems. The diversity of edible plant uses—from beverages and condiments to medicinal foods—illustrates adaptive strategies that enhance dietary diversity and ecological resilience. These findings contribute to the understanding of biocultural diversity and underscore the importance of conserving both plant biodiversity and indigenous knowledge to promote sustainable, locally adapted food systems. The study also identifies priority species for future pharmacological and agronomic research to support climate-resilient food sovereignty.