O feijão-caupi tem grande importância socioeconômica, pois é um componente da dieta alimentar, especialmente pelo seu valor nutritivo e fonte de renda para agricultura familiar. Entretanto é uma cultura sensível a salinidade da água de irrigação e solo, o que impossibilita o cultivo em áreas afetadas por sais. Neste sentido, objetivou-se com o trabalho avaliar o crescimento de genótipos de feijão-caupi irrigados com água salina, a fim de fornecer subsídios ao cultivo em regiões afetadas por sais. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em casa de vegetação da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 5, sendo os tratamentos compostos de dois níveis de condutividade elétrica da água (A1 - água de abastecimento com 0,8dSm-1 e A2 - solução salina 4,8 dSm-1) e cinco genótipos de feijão-caupi (G1 - MNC04-762F-9, G2 - MNC04-762F-3, G3 - MNC04-762F-21, G4 - MNC04-769F-62 e G5 - MNC04-765F-153) com 4 repetições, resultante em 10 tratamentos. Aplicação dos tratamentos com água salina teve inicio aos 12 dias após o semeio (DAS). As variáveis analisadas foram, altura de plantas (ALT), número de folhas (NF), e diâmetro do caule (DC), nas épocas de avaliação correspondente aos 27, 42, 57 e 72 dias após a semeadura (DAS) e massa seca das folhas (MSF), massa seca do caule (MSC), massa seca da raiz (MSR) e massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA). A salinidade da água de irrigação reduziu todas as variáveis de crescimento e fitomassa avaliadas. Growth bean-cowpea genotypes irrigated with saline water The cowpea has great socio-economic importance, as it is a component of food people diet, especially in developing countries. Sensitive to salinity, which makes difficult to cultivate in areas affected by salt. The objective of the study was to evaluate the growth of cowpea genotypes irrigated with saline water in order to provide subsidies to farming in areas affected by salt. The treatments consisted of the combination of two factors: Irrigation Water Salinity (A1 - water supply with 0,8dSm-1 and A2 – saline solution 4.8 dSm-1) and cowpea genotypes (G1 - MNC04-762F -9, G2 - MNC04-762F-3 G3 - MNC04-762F-21 G4 - G5 and MNC04-769F-62 - MNC04-765F-153). Combined factors, a completely randomized design, resulted in 10 treatments, with four repetitions. The irrigation with saline water given to the 12 DAS. The variables analyzed were plant height (PH), leaves number (LN), and stem diameter (SD), the evaluation of times corresponding to 27, 42, 57 and 72 days after sowing (DAS) and dry matter leaves (DML), dry mass of the stem (DMS) and root dry mass (RDM). They salinity of irrigation water reduced all growth variables and evaluated biomass.

Plant parasitic nematodes cause severe agricultural damage in Northeast Brazil. Additionally, soil salinization, especially in the semiarid region of the Northeast, is another factor that limits crop yield. The study evaluated the motility of Meloidogyne enterolobii and Pratylenchus coffeae, and the vertical migration of P. coffeae under saline conditions. Motility was assessed by submitting juveniles of the second stage of M. enterolobii and juveniles and adults of P. coffeae to saline solutions of NaCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2 at concentrations of 0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 M, and in a mixed solution (combination of the three salts in a 7:2:1 ratio) at 2, 4, 6, and 8 days of exposure. The migration of P. coffeae was studied in segmented columns of 10 cm in length and 4.40 cm in internal diameter, filled with saline soil (mixture of NaCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2) and non-saline, whose evaluations were carried out at 2, 4, and 6 days after soil infestation. The motility and number of active juveniles of both nematodes reduced with increasing saline concentration. From 0.50 M, M. enterolobii activity was not observed in any of the exposure periods to NaCl and CaCl2. The increase in the concentrations of NaCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2 exponentially reduced the number of active P. coffeae, decreasing its activity from 0.75 M. The vertical migration of P. coffeae in the soil was negatively affected by salinity, presenting a more uniform distribution in the non-saline soil.

The use of agro-industrial waste, such as wood ash or biomass ash, has been adopted as an alternative to synthetic fertilizers for providing nutrients to plants. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of primary and secondary macronutrients in soil cultivated with chrysanthemum under different types of fertilization management: organic, organomineral, and mineral, with and without liming. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse for 185 days, using a randomized blocks design in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme: five fertilization types (incubated and unincubated wood ash, organomineral fertilizer, mineral fertilizer, and control) and two levels of liming (without liming and 70% base saturation) with five replicates. The soil used was Oxisol. The phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur contents in the soil after cultivation were analyzed. There was a 77% increase in potassium in treatments with ash compared to treatments without ash. The corrected soil presented 173.2 mg dm⁻³ of potassium, compared to 153.6 mg dm⁻³ in the uncorrected soil, an increase of 11.6%. The calcium levels increased by 60% with the application of ash (incubated or not) and organomineral fertilizer, compared to soils without ash. Liming increased calcium by 1.12 cmol_c dm⁻³. Fertilizers with ash associated with liming resulted in higher magnesium levels. The sulfur content varied according to the fertilizer, with non-incubated ash showing the highest value (69.11 mg dm⁻³) compared to the control (11.08 mg dm⁻³), a difference of 83.96%. Organomineral fertilizer is an alternative for increasing the availability of macronutrients in the soil, allowing a second cropping cycle without the need to manage soil fertility, contributing to sustainable agriculture, encouraging the reuse of waste, and reducing the use of mineral fertilizers.

The use of brackish water for preparation of nutrient solutions has several impacts on crop performance, depending on the water concentration and cation prevalence. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate production and water relations of coriander grown on nutrient solutions prepared with brackish waters with different cationic natures under hydroponic conditions. A randomized block experimental design with four replicates was used, in a 4 × 3 factorial arrangement. The treatments consisted of four electrical conductivities of the nutrient solution (1.6, 3.2, 4.8, and 6.4 dS m^-1) which were prepared in waters with different salts (NaCl, CaCl₂.2H₂O, and MgCl₂.6H₂O). Salinity negatively affected the production and water relations of coriander grown in hydroponic system; plants grown on nutritive solutions with predominance of Na⁺ had higher total dry weight and shoot dry weights, as well as higher stomatal conductance. The largest leaf area was found when using the nutrient solution with predominance of Mg²⁺.

This study aimed to evaluate substrates enriched with wood ash in the performance of three cherry tomato cultivars regarding vegetative development, productivity, and fruit quality in a protected environment. The study was conducted at Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis in a randomized block design in a 2x3 factorial scheme, with two types of substrates (substrate 1: mechanized Oxisol+wood ash; substrate 2: Oxisol from a preserved area + commercial compost + wood ash) and three cherry tomato cultivars (Carolina, Red Cherry, and Cherry), with eight replications. Substrate 2 contains approximately 54% more organic matter than substrate 1, which significantly contributes to greater fruit mass, leaf area, and water use efficiency in the cherry tomato cultivars. In substrate 2, fruit mass exceeded 600 g per plant, while leaf area surpassed 2000 cm² per plant. Additionally, for each liter of water supplied, fruit mass increased by 87 g. The titratable acidity of the fruit was higher in the fruit grown in substrate 1. The growing medium did not alter the total soluble solids content. The Carolina and Red Cherry cultivars had the highest average fruit mass, leaf area, and water use efficiency. Keywords: cherry tomatoes; fruit quality; sustainable horticulture; alternative substrate; water use efficiency; agro-industrial residue.