Vaginitis is a major health concern among women, with inadequate treatment potentially leading to reproductive complications. This study aimed to assess vaginitis prevalence, identify predominant pathogens, and evaluate associated risk factors among female patients at Da Nang Dermato-Venereology Hospital. A prospective study of 796 female patients undergoing physical examinations was conducted, with demographic, clinical, and microbiological data collected. Vaginitis was diagnosed in 180 (22.6%) of 796 female patients, predominantly caused by Candida spp. (66.1%) and bacterial pathogens (31.7%), with no Trichomonas vaginalis detected, and was most prevalent in women aged 20–30 years. Poor hygiene practices, including infrequent sanitary pad changes (OR = 5.01, p < 0.001) and routine vaginal douching (OR = 6.77, p < 0.001), were significantly associated with vaginitis. The Amsel criteria showed high specificity (99.1%) for bacterial vaginosis diagnosis. The absence of T. vaginalis suggests a potential shift in the epidemiology of vaginal infections. The Amsel criteria are a practical diagnostic tool in resource-limited settings. Our findings highlight the need for targeted hygiene education to reduce vaginitis prevalence in Vietnam.

Aims: This study aimed to assess the nutritional status of COVID‐19 patients within the first 24 h of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission and to determine its association with the risk of mechanical ventilation and mortality. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed electronic medical records from 342 COVID‐19 patients admitted to Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Vietnam, between September 2021 and April 2022. The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria were applied to assess the risk of malnutrition. Results: According to the GLIM criteria, 77.8% of patients had moderate or severe malnutrition upon ICU admission. Compared with patients without malnutrition, those who were malnourished were significantly older ( p < 0.001) and had lower BMI, hemoglobin, and red blood cell counts ( p < 0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis identified several factors associated with respiratory therapy and mortality among ICU COVID‐19 patients, including age, vaccination status, nutritional status, and BMI. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, malnutrition remained a significant predictor of clinical outcomes. The risk of requiring mechanical ventilation and death were 3.55‐fold and 2.03‐fold higher, respectively, in malnourished patients. Conclusion: The study revealed a high prevalence of malnutrition among ICU patients with COVID‐19. Furthermore, malnutrition was independently associated with an increased risk of mechanical ventilation and mortality. These findings underscored the importance of early nutritional screening and intervention as integral components of routine management for critically ill COVID‐19 patients.

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain a global issue, causing health problems and financial burdens. This study aimed to provide an update on the invasive pathogens and analyze any associated factors in patients visiting Da Nang Dermato-Venereology Hospital who were diagnosed with genital tract infections in males and lower genital tract infections in females; 535 participants underwent clinical examinations and microbiological tests to identify the invasive microorganisms, before we analyzed previously gathered laboratory results and associated risk factors. The rate of infection was 37.6% amongst 535 participants. Treponema pallidum infection accounted for the highest rate of 21.3%, followed by HSV, standing at 6%. The prevalence of syphilis infection was highest in the 20–29 age group, standing at 51.7%. There was a positive correlation between age under 20 and infected conditions (OR = 3.78, 95% CI: 1.41–10.11, p = 0.008). Having multiple sexual partners was identified as a risk factor for infection, as those with three or more sexual partners showed a high correlation (OR = 3.19, 95% CI: 1.44–7.05, p = 0.004). The high syphilis prevalence among young adults and teenagers underscores the need for improved STI education and screening programs in Vietnam.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic posed a significant healthcare crisis due to the emergence of acute respiratory infections, leading to severe complications such as thrombosis. Meanwhile, the D-dimer index serves as a dependable routine diagnostic marker for thrombosis. Therefore, it is hypothesized that D-dimer could serve as a potential prognostic marker for COVID-19 infection. Objective: To assess the association between D-dimer levels and the severity of COVID-19 among patients in the Vietnamese central coastal region. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Da Nang Hospital for Pulmonary Diseases and its satellites on patients admitted for COVID-19 from September 2021 to April 2022. Clinical data were analyzed using the chi-square test. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the best cut-off for D-dimer levels that differentiate between mild and severe cases amongst COVID-19 positive patients. Results: This study comprised of 205 confirmed COVID-19 patients (mean [SD] age, 66.71 [18.80] years). The participants were divided into 2 groups based on their D-dimer levels: those with D-dimer levels greater than 500 µg/L or less than 500 µg/L. The median D-dimer level of each group were 1507.50 µg/L and 302 µg/L, respectively. Patient age and a history of diabetes correlated with D-dimer elevation in COVID-19 patients. The ROC curve indicated that D-dimer of greater than 638 µg/L was associated with severe disease (sensitivity 80%, specificity 90.8%, area under the curve [AUC] = 0.900). Conclusions: Elevated D-dimer levels was associated with more severe instances of COVID-19 with levels exceeding 638 µg/L demonstrating high sensitivity and specificity.

Objectives To describe the SARC-F score distribution and examine factors associated with SARC-F-positive status among community-dwelling older adults recruited from two urban wards in Da Nang, Vietnam. Methods This community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to June 2025. Adults aged 60 years or older were recruited by convenience sampling within proportionally allocated ward targets. SARC-F-positive status was defined as a score of 4 or higher. Modified Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs), with sensitivity analyses for alternative SARC-F cutoffs and continuous age. Results Among 383 participants, mean age was 69.9 years and 57.2% were women. Ninety participants (23.5%; model-based 95% CI, 19.5%-28.0%) were SARC-F-positive. Scores were markedly concentrated immediately below the cutoff: 269 participants (70.2%) scored 3 and none scored 0. Compared with ages 60-70 years, aPRs were 3.34 (95% CI, 2.09-5.34) for ages 71-80 years and 5.11 (95% CI, 3.19-8.18) for ages over 80 years. Any self-reported chronic disease was associated with SARC-F-positive status (aPR, 3.30; 95% CI, 1.85-5.90). Physical-activity estimates were imprecise and attenuated at the higher SARC-F cutoff. Conclusions Older age and self-reported chronic disease were consistently associated with SARC-F-positive status in this recruited sample. The pronounced concentration of scores at 3 and the threshold sensitivity of physical-activity estimates warrant cautious interpretation of cutoff-based results. The 23.5% proportion should not be interpreted as population prevalence or confirmed sarcopenia.

Background: Elevated serum uric acid (UA) is implicated in insulin resistance, potentially contributing to the progression of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Understanding the UA-glucose relationship may aid early intervention to prevent complications. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2023 to June 2024 at Son Tra District Medical Center, Da Nang, involving 226 patients (117 prediabetes, 109 T2D). Medical records were reviewed for UA and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0, with Pearson correlation, t-tests, and ANOVA for associations (p < 0.05). Results: Mean UA was higher in prediabetes (463 ± 84 µmol/L) than T2D (425 ± 91 µmol/L, p < 0.01). Hyperuricemia prevalence was 70.6% in prediabetes and 59.2% in T2D. UA levels were higher in males than females in both groups (p < 0.01). A moderate positive correlation between UA and FPG was found in prediabetes (r = 0.383, p < 0.001; UA = 85.568 × FPG − 67.694), but not in T2D (r = −0.049, p = 0.958). UA increased with FPG levels <7.0 mmol/L (p < 0.05) but showed no trend at higher FPG. Conclusion: Higher UA in prediabetes and its correlation with FPG suggest a role in early insulin resistance. Routine UA screening in prediabetes may facilitate early intervention to mitigate T2D progression and cardiovascular risks.