Background: Nurses experience substantial anxiety and depression; robust, validated instruments are needed. We aimed to identify tools used to assess these conditions in nurses. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in December 2024 and registered in OSF and PROSPERO. MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched for quantitative studies (2014–2024) in English/Spanish that included nurses only and used standardized measures. Two reviewers screened and extracted the data; quality was appraised with JBI checklists, narrative synthesis only. Results: Twenty-two studies (n = 10,710 nurses) met the criteria. Most were cross-sectional with non-probability sampling; the overall risk of bias was moderate in 19 studies and high in 3. The most frequently used instruments were PHQ-9, GAD-7, GHQ-28, and BDI; across versions, PHQ (PHQ-2/PHQ-9) predominated. Heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis. Discussion: The available tools support routine screening in nursing populations, but reliance on self-reports and scarce formal cross-cultural validation in practicing nurses limit inference and generalizability. Conclusions: Screening programs in nursing should pair brief self-report instruments with objective indicators and standardized protocols; future studies should prioritize contextualized validation and robust longitudinal designs.

Background: Population aging has led to an increasing proportion of older adults (aged 65 and older) acting as informal caregivers. These caregivers face risks of burden, stress, and depression. While research frequently documents negative psychological outcomes, resilience represents a crucial protective process. This systematic review synthesizes and maps the empirical evidence regarding the association between the socio-ecological resilience process and the well-being of older informal caregivers. Methods: Following Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) mixed-methods guidelines, a convergent segregated mixed studies systematic review was conducted. A systematic search of Medline (PubMed), CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus identified primary articles (2014–2025) in English and Spanish. Methodological quality was appraised using JBI critical appraisal checklists and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. PROSPERO registration number: CRD420251142190. Results: Thirty-one studies were included. Elevated caregiver resilience was associated with lower reported symptoms of depression and anxiety, higher self-rated health, and positive psychological adaptation. Framed within a social ecological model, personal resources such as spirituality, hope, and self care, alongside relational assets like dyadic relationship quality and mutual coping, demonstrated a positive association with resilience and a reduction in subjective burden. Within the community context, informal peer networks and Online Health Communities functioned as essential supportive resources. On a structural level, both household wealth and the regional availability of long-term care beds acted as moderators for spousal well-being, whereas exceeding 30 weekly caregiving hours acted as a temporal threshold for positive adaptation. Conclusions: These findings suggest that resilience in older caregivers may be best conceptualized not as a static individual trait, but as a multi-level, dynamic socio-ecological process. Rather than relying on individual coping alone, public policies and clinical practice should prioritize systemic, relational, and structural environmental support, including formal respite services and long-term care infrastructure, to preserve the well-being of older spousal caregivers.