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Prof. Dr. Christophe Len
1. Chimie ParisTech - CNRS, Institute of Chem. For Life & Health Sciences, 11 rue P&M Curie, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Fine chemistry from natural substances: carbohydrates, cyclodextrins, nucleosides, lipids
0 Chemistry and processes for the sustainable development
0 Organic chemistry in green solvents
0 Homogeneous, heterogeneous, and micellar catalysis
0 Continuous flow applied to organic chemistry

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Organic chemistry in green solvents
Organic chemistry under microwave activation
Homogeneous, heterogeneous, and micellar catalysis

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Journal article
Published: 08 August 2021 in Molecules
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The purpose of this study was to examine the free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of ellagic acid (EA) and ellagic acid peracetate (EAPA) by measuring their reactions with the radicals, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and galvinoxyl using EPR spectroscopy. We have also evaluated the influence of EA and EAPA on the ROS production in L-6 myoblasts and rat liver microsomal lipid peroxidation catalyzed by NADPH. The results obtained clearly indicated that EA has tremendous ability to scavenge free radicals, even at concentration of 1 µM. Interestingly even in the absence of esterase, EAPA, the acetylated product of EA, was also found to be a good scavenger but at a relatively slower rate. Kinetic studies revealed that both EA and EAPA have ability to scavenge free radicals at the concentrations of 1 µM over extended periods of time. In cellular systems, EA and EAPA were found to have similar potentials for the inhibition of ROS production in L-6 myoblasts and NADPH-dependent catalyzed microsomal lipid peroxidation.

ACS Style

Ajit Kumar; Preeti Kaushik; Sandra Incerpi; Jens Pedersen; Sanjay Goel; Ashok Prasad; Vishwajeet Rohil; Virinder Parmar; Luciano Saso; Christophe Len. Evaluation of the Free Radical Scavenging Activities of Ellagic Acid and Ellagic Acid Peracetate by EPR Spectrometry. Molecules 2021, 26, 4800 .

AMA Style

Ajit Kumar, Preeti Kaushik, Sandra Incerpi, Jens Pedersen, Sanjay Goel, Ashok Prasad, Vishwajeet Rohil, Virinder Parmar, Luciano Saso, Christophe Len. Evaluation of the Free Radical Scavenging Activities of Ellagic Acid and Ellagic Acid Peracetate by EPR Spectrometry. Molecules. 2021; 26 (16):4800.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ajit Kumar; Preeti Kaushik; Sandra Incerpi; Jens Pedersen; Sanjay Goel; Ashok Prasad; Vishwajeet Rohil; Virinder Parmar; Luciano Saso; Christophe Len. 2021. "Evaluation of the Free Radical Scavenging Activities of Ellagic Acid and Ellagic Acid Peracetate by EPR Spectrometry." Molecules 26, no. 16: 4800.

Review
Published: 15 March 2021 in Journal of Flow Chemistry
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Solketal has been identified as one of the most promising chemical entities among oleochemicals. Process intensification protocols such as continuous flow technology add a new dimension and a promising toolbox for ketalisation of bio-based abundant polyol, glycerol. This review discusses recent advances in the catalytic ketalisation of glycerol encompassing homogeneous catalysts, commercial heterogeneous catalysts and specifically designed heterogeneous catalysts in the laboratories. Schematic representation of detecting ofloxacin (OFL) by differential pulse voltammetry approach based on the laser modified glassy carbon electrode (LGCE), which increased the active functional groups and surface area compared to GCE.

ACS Style

Mohamad Reza Khodadadi; Julien Thiel; Rajender S. Varma; Christophe Len. Innovative continuous synthesis of solketal. Journal of Flow Chemistry 2021, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Mohamad Reza Khodadadi, Julien Thiel, Rajender S. Varma, Christophe Len. Innovative continuous synthesis of solketal. Journal of Flow Chemistry. 2021; ():1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamad Reza Khodadadi; Julien Thiel; Rajender S. Varma; Christophe Len. 2021. "Innovative continuous synthesis of solketal." Journal of Flow Chemistry , no. : 1-11.

Journal article
Published: 12 February 2021 in Scientific Reports
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Five novel pyrazolylnucleosides have been evaluated theoretically for their corrosion inhibition efficiency on the Cu(111) surface in acidic media. DFT calculations were carried out to exhibit the intrinsic properties such as lowest unoccupied (ELUMO) and highest occupied (EHOMO) molecular orbital energies, as well as energy gap (∆E), chemical hardness (η), chemical softness (σ), electronegativity (χ), electrophilicity (ω) and nucleophilicity (ε). The theoretical FT-IR spectra were recorded to indicate the presence of the specific bonds in the studied molecules. The surface interactions between the inhibitor molecules and the metal surface were investigated using molecular dynamics simulations and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. As a result, we have found that the inhibitor pyrazolylnucleosides 5a–e have strong interactions with Cu(111) surface, and therefore have excellent predictive inhibition power against copper corrosion.

ACS Style

Rachid Oukhrib; Youness Abdellaoui; Avni Berisha; Hicham Abou Oualid; Jeton Halili; Kaltrina Jusufi; Mustapha Ait El Had; Hassan Bourzi; Souad El Issami; Fatmah Ali Asmary; Virinder S. Parmar; Christophe Len. DFT, Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations for the prediction of corrosion inhibition efficiency of novel pyrazolylnucleosides on Cu(111) surface in acidic media. Scientific Reports 2021, 11, 1 -18.

AMA Style

Rachid Oukhrib, Youness Abdellaoui, Avni Berisha, Hicham Abou Oualid, Jeton Halili, Kaltrina Jusufi, Mustapha Ait El Had, Hassan Bourzi, Souad El Issami, Fatmah Ali Asmary, Virinder S. Parmar, Christophe Len. DFT, Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations for the prediction of corrosion inhibition efficiency of novel pyrazolylnucleosides on Cu(111) surface in acidic media. Scientific Reports. 2021; 11 (1):1-18.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rachid Oukhrib; Youness Abdellaoui; Avni Berisha; Hicham Abou Oualid; Jeton Halili; Kaltrina Jusufi; Mustapha Ait El Had; Hassan Bourzi; Souad El Issami; Fatmah Ali Asmary; Virinder S. Parmar; Christophe Len. 2021. "DFT, Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations for the prediction of corrosion inhibition efficiency of novel pyrazolylnucleosides on Cu(111) surface in acidic media." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1: 1-18.

Journal article
Published: 25 January 2021 in Catalysts
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The continuous oligomerization of glycerol for the formation of polyglycerol was carried out for the first time under microwave activation. In the presence of potassium carbonate, we studied the ease of handling, effects of temperature, flow rate and residence time of an inexpensive homogeneous commercial catalyst. The main linear and branched-chain diglycerol and triglycerol regioisomers were characterized and the quantification of the different isomers was realized. Successive cyclic mode processes followed by short distance distillation allowed the mixture to be enriched with glycerol ethers and thus to obtain a mixture of diglycerol (50.2 wt%), triglycerol (22.1 wt%), tetraglycerol (9.5 wt%), and pentaglycerol (4.3 wt%).

ACS Style

Remi Nguyen; Nicolas Galy; Fatmah Ali Alasmary; Christophe Len. Microwave-Assisted Continuous Flow for the Selective Oligomerization of Glycerol. Catalysts 2021, 11, 166 .

AMA Style

Remi Nguyen, Nicolas Galy, Fatmah Ali Alasmary, Christophe Len. Microwave-Assisted Continuous Flow for the Selective Oligomerization of Glycerol. Catalysts. 2021; 11 (2):166.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Remi Nguyen; Nicolas Galy; Fatmah Ali Alasmary; Christophe Len. 2021. "Microwave-Assisted Continuous Flow for the Selective Oligomerization of Glycerol." Catalysts 11, no. 2: 166.

Journal article
Published: 13 January 2021 in Molecular Catalysis
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This work revealed 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) oxidation towards 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid (HMFCA) employed Ag2O supported on calcium carbonate as heterogeneous catalyst in conventional batch protocols and microwave-assisted batch conditions. Different reaction regimes were investigated, such as catalyst loading, reaction temperature, solvent types and oxidizing agent concentrations. 89 % HMF conversion, 85 % HMFCA yield as well as 95 % HMFCA selectivity achieved under optimum condition (125 mg 20 wt% Ag2O-CaCO3, 2 wt% aq. H2O2 with 0.1 mL min−1 flow rate in 50 min, oil bath 100 ºC). Microwave irradiation (30 W) afforded higher HMF conversion (95 %) as well as HMFCA yield (93 %) with HMFCA selectivity (97 %) under identical condition. Catalyst recycling showed deactivation (64 % HMF conversion and 50 % HMFCA yield in fourth time). Post-characterization was investigated to analyze catalyst deactivation. For instance, EDS and SEM mapping micrographs showed organic moieties deposited on the surface of catalyst. XRD exhibited no CaCO3 crystallographic modification happened after reaction, however, partial reduction of silver (I) to metallic silver (0) happened.

ACS Style

Ting Su; Qing Liu; Hongying Lü; Fatmah Ali Alasmary; Deyang Zhao; Christophe Len. Selective oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid using silver oxide supported on calcium carbonate. Molecular Catalysis 2021, 502, 111374 .

AMA Style

Ting Su, Qing Liu, Hongying Lü, Fatmah Ali Alasmary, Deyang Zhao, Christophe Len. Selective oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid using silver oxide supported on calcium carbonate. Molecular Catalysis. 2021; 502 ():111374.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ting Su; Qing Liu; Hongying Lü; Fatmah Ali Alasmary; Deyang Zhao; Christophe Len. 2021. "Selective oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid using silver oxide supported on calcium carbonate." Molecular Catalysis 502, no. : 111374.

Journal article
Published: 24 November 2020 in Molecular Catalysis
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Catalytic transfer hydrogenation is gaining increasing attention as a promising alternative to conventional hydrogenation with H2. In present work, a series of modified Zr-based catalysts were synthesized and tested for furfural catalytic transfer hydrogenation into furfuryl alcohol (FA). The results indicated that more than 13 % of furfural conversion and furfuryl alcohol yield could be achieved with modified zirconium hydroxide (mZrH) at 140 °C when compared with zirconium hydroxide (ZrH) using ethanol as H-donor and solvent in continuous flow regime, and the activity could be further enhanced by increasing the reaction temperature or Ru loading on the catalyst. The best result of 92 % furfural conversion with ∼99 % FA selectivity was obtained at 150 °C with 6% Ru/mZrH as catalyst, and the productivity of FA is 5.5 mmol g−1 h−1 which is 2 times higher than that reported with ZrH in batch. Moreover, long-term stability study of the catalysts indicated that 6% Ru/mZrH not only performs a better activity, but also a better stability than 6% Ru/ZrH. Characterizations of the catalysts by BET, XRD, EA, IR, SEM-EDS, XPS and CO2 adsorption indicated that zirconium hydroxide (ZrH) was successfully modified with hydroxylamine, leading to significantly change of its morphology and basic sites. And the deactivation of the catalysts was due to both the leaching of Ru and the deposition of side-products on its surface.

ACS Style

Yantao Wang; Deyang Zhao; Rui Liang; Konstantinos S. Triantafyllidis; Weiran Yang; Christophe Len. Transfer hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol over modified Zr-based catalysts using primary alcohols as H-donors. Molecular Catalysis 2020, 499, 111199 .

AMA Style

Yantao Wang, Deyang Zhao, Rui Liang, Konstantinos S. Triantafyllidis, Weiran Yang, Christophe Len. Transfer hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol over modified Zr-based catalysts using primary alcohols as H-donors. Molecular Catalysis. 2020; 499 ():111199.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yantao Wang; Deyang Zhao; Rui Liang; Konstantinos S. Triantafyllidis; Weiran Yang; Christophe Len. 2020. "Transfer hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol over modified Zr-based catalysts using primary alcohols as H-donors." Molecular Catalysis 499, no. : 111199.

Minireview
Published: 17 November 2020 in ChemSusChem
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5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has been identified as one of the most promising biomass‐based multi‐purpose platform molecules. Innovative protocols, namely electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and microwave (MW)‐assisted chemistry, as well as continuous‐flow systems, add a new dimension and another promising toolbox for the oxidation of HMF in recent years. This Minireview deals with recent progress in the catalytic oxidation of HMF to 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and other intermediates using noble, non‐noble, and metal‐free systems deploying emerging protocols. Selective HMF downstream oxidation products could be obtained not only via common catalyst modifications, namely nature of the metal, preparative method, and the property of deployed support, but also by using innovative processes.

ACS Style

Ting Su; Deyang Zhao; Yantao Wang; Hongying Lü; Rajender S. Varma; Christophe Len. Innovative Protocols in the Catalytic Oxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural. ChemSusChem 2020, 14, 266 -280.

AMA Style

Ting Su, Deyang Zhao, Yantao Wang, Hongying Lü, Rajender S. Varma, Christophe Len. Innovative Protocols in the Catalytic Oxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural. ChemSusChem. 2020; 14 (1):266-280.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ting Su; Deyang Zhao; Yantao Wang; Hongying Lü; Rajender S. Varma; Christophe Len. 2020. "Innovative Protocols in the Catalytic Oxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural." ChemSusChem 14, no. 1: 266-280.

Conference paper
Published: 09 November 2020 in Proceedings of 1st International Electronic Conference on Catalysis Sciences
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A green and sustainable approach for the production of 3-aminobenzoic acid (3-ABA) from 3-nitrobenzaldehyde promoted by NORIT GAC 12-40 as a carbonaceous bio-based material was successfully achieved in subcritical water. The process involves two successive reactions: reduction of the nitro group and oxidation of the formyl group. At 300 °C under 90 bar for 6 h, the yield of 3-ABA is 59%.

ACS Style

Sarra Tadrent; Christophe Len. One-Pot Green Catalytic Preparation of 3-Aminobenzoic Acid in the Presence of Carbonaceous Bio-Based Materials in Subcritical Water. Proceedings of 1st International Electronic Conference on Catalysis Sciences 2020, 2, 16 .

AMA Style

Sarra Tadrent, Christophe Len. One-Pot Green Catalytic Preparation of 3-Aminobenzoic Acid in the Presence of Carbonaceous Bio-Based Materials in Subcritical Water. Proceedings of 1st International Electronic Conference on Catalysis Sciences. 2020; 2 (1):16.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sarra Tadrent; Christophe Len. 2020. "One-Pot Green Catalytic Preparation of 3-Aminobenzoic Acid in the Presence of Carbonaceous Bio-Based Materials in Subcritical Water." Proceedings of 1st International Electronic Conference on Catalysis Sciences 2, no. 1: 16.

Research article
Published: 02 September 2020 in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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Methyl levulinate (ML) is a bio-based platform molecule, which has versatile applications in fine chemical synthesis and food additives. However, during the ML production, one of the main barriers is that humins are usually co-generated, which leads to poor reaction efficiency and catalyst deactivation. The following findings are herein reported for the first time, that in a catalytic system with H-Beta25 molecular oxygen could act as both a humins cleaner and a reaction accelerator for the synthesis of value-added ML from HMF or FA. The reaction efficiency and the catalyst reusability were significantly improved in the presence of oxygen. Besides, the effects of different reaction parameters, as well as catalysts have been investigated. The mechanism of ML formation from HMF in the presence of O2 and the role of O2 on humins removal were also proposed.

ACS Style

Yantao Wang; Yuzhang Huang; Lei Liu; Liangtu He; Teng Li; Christophe Len; Weiran Yang. Molecular oxygen promoted synthesis of methyl levulinate from 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 2020, 8, 1 .

AMA Style

Yantao Wang, Yuzhang Huang, Lei Liu, Liangtu He, Teng Li, Christophe Len, Weiran Yang. Molecular oxygen promoted synthesis of methyl levulinate from 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 2020; 8 (38):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yantao Wang; Yuzhang Huang; Lei Liu; Liangtu He; Teng Li; Christophe Len; Weiran Yang. 2020. "Molecular oxygen promoted synthesis of methyl levulinate from 5-hydroxymethylfurfural." ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 8, no. 38: 1.

Review article
Published: 23 August 2020 in Molecular Catalysis
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5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has been considered as one of the most promising versatile biomass based platform molecules. This review discusses recent advances in catalytic oxidation of HMF towards 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) as well as other HMF oxidation intermediates: 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF), 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid (HMFCA), 5-formyl-2-furancarboxylic acid (FFCA) deploying noble, non-noble, metal-free and biocatalytic systems in conventional batch protocols; reaction mechanisms and the reaction conditions are well deliberated. Selective HMF downstream oxidation products are obtained via catalyst modifications such as the nature of metal, preparative method as well the property of deployed support. HMF oxidation, an important and integral biomass-based valorization process towards valuable chemicals, deserves more attention.

ACS Style

Deyang Zhao; Ting Su; Yantao Wang; Rajender S. Varma; Christophe Len. Recent advances in catalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Molecular Catalysis 2020, 495, 111133 .

AMA Style

Deyang Zhao, Ting Su, Yantao Wang, Rajender S. Varma, Christophe Len. Recent advances in catalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Molecular Catalysis. 2020; 495 ():111133.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Deyang Zhao; Ting Su; Yantao Wang; Rajender S. Varma; Christophe Len. 2020. "Recent advances in catalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural." Molecular Catalysis 495, no. : 111133.

Review article
Published: 05 August 2020 in Molecular Catalysis
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The recovery of waste cooking oil has long been known for second life uses without chemical modification. However, the concepts of bioeconomy and circular economy are much more recent and include a ranges of tasks such as recovery, storage, use, chemical modification. International research into the use of modified and unmodified waste cooking oil and their potential uses has been the subject of incessant research in both academia and industry. The main purpose of this review is to present the recent breakthroughs obtained in the field of recovery of used cooking oils for the last decade. The review discusses advances obtained in major production pathways recently explored splitting in the following categories: (i) transesterification of waste cooking oil including biodiesel production with heterogeneous/homogeneous base and acid catalysis, magnetic heterogeneous catalysis, biocatalysis and alternative technologies such as electrolysis, continuous flow, microwave irradiation, ultrasound irradiation; (ii) transesterification of waste cooking oil including catalytic biolubricant production; (iii) interesterification; (iv) hydrolysis and (v) hydrodeoxygenation, hydrocracking and hydrogenation. This review also briefly overviews current understanding of waste cooking oil valorization and the underpinning mechanism.

ACS Style

Mohamad R. Khodadadi; Irene Malpartida; Chi-Wing Tsang; Carol Sze Ki Lin; Christophe Len. Recent advances on the catalytic conversion of waste cooking oil. Molecular Catalysis 2020, 494, 111128 .

AMA Style

Mohamad R. Khodadadi, Irene Malpartida, Chi-Wing Tsang, Carol Sze Ki Lin, Christophe Len. Recent advances on the catalytic conversion of waste cooking oil. Molecular Catalysis. 2020; 494 ():111128.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamad R. Khodadadi; Irene Malpartida; Chi-Wing Tsang; Carol Sze Ki Lin; Christophe Len. 2020. "Recent advances on the catalytic conversion of waste cooking oil." Molecular Catalysis 494, no. : 111128.

Journal article
Published: 31 July 2020 in Catalysis Today
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Herein, we report a Nb/ZnO nanocatalyst for the efficient conversion of levulinic acid, a platform molecule easily obtained from lignocellulosic biomass, to N-heterocycles under mild reaction conditions and the absence of solvent. Nb/ZnO nanocatalysts were synthesized by a mechanochemical-assisted and sacrificial template method, involving orange peel valorization toward nanostructured materials. Two different synthetic approaches, either one-step or two-step, as well as the amount of niobium deposited onto the ZnO support were investigated in order to obtain the nanocatalyst with the optimal catalytic properties. Results revealed the critical role of the niobium for LA conversion. The nanocatalyst containing 10 wt% of niobium and prepared following a two-step approach (10 %Nb/ZnO_2) exhibited the best catalytic performance with a 94.5% of conversion and 97.4% of selectivity towards one specific N-heterocycle compound. This work exemplifies the possibility of sustainable production of value-added compounds, in particular N-heterocycles, from biomass-derived feedstocks by playing with the design of improved catalysts. Importantly, this research area provides sustainable alternatives to the current chemical industry that is heavily dependent on fossil fuels.

ACS Style

Daily Rodríguez-Padrón; Deyang Zhao; Carolina Carrillo-Carrion; Carmen Morales-Torres; Asma M. Elsharif; Alina M. Balu; Rafael Luque; Christophe Len. Exploring the potential of biomass-templated Nb/ZnO nanocatalysts for the sustainable synthesis of N-heterocycles. Catalysis Today 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Daily Rodríguez-Padrón, Deyang Zhao, Carolina Carrillo-Carrion, Carmen Morales-Torres, Asma M. Elsharif, Alina M. Balu, Rafael Luque, Christophe Len. Exploring the potential of biomass-templated Nb/ZnO nanocatalysts for the sustainable synthesis of N-heterocycles. Catalysis Today. 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daily Rodríguez-Padrón; Deyang Zhao; Carolina Carrillo-Carrion; Carmen Morales-Torres; Asma M. Elsharif; Alina M. Balu; Rafael Luque; Christophe Len. 2020. "Exploring the potential of biomass-templated Nb/ZnO nanocatalysts for the sustainable synthesis of N-heterocycles." Catalysis Today , no. : 1.

Paper
Published: 21 July 2020 in New Journal of Chemistry
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In an effort to develop potent anti-inflammatory agents, a series of novel chroman derivatives including acyclic amidochromans, chromanyl esters and chromanyl acrylates have been designed, synthesized and fully characterized.

ACS Style

Akanksha Matta; Ajendra Kumar Sharma; Shilpi Tomar; Pei Cao; Sandeep Kumar; Sakshi Balwani; Balaram Ghosh; Ashok K. Prasad; Erik V. Van der Eycken; Anthony L. DePass; Jesper Wengel; Virinder S. Parmar; Christophe Len; Brajendra Kumar Singh. Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity evaluation of novel chroman derivatives. New Journal of Chemistry 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Akanksha Matta, Ajendra Kumar Sharma, Shilpi Tomar, Pei Cao, Sandeep Kumar, Sakshi Balwani, Balaram Ghosh, Ashok K. Prasad, Erik V. Van der Eycken, Anthony L. DePass, Jesper Wengel, Virinder S. Parmar, Christophe Len, Brajendra Kumar Singh. Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity evaluation of novel chroman derivatives. New Journal of Chemistry. 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Akanksha Matta; Ajendra Kumar Sharma; Shilpi Tomar; Pei Cao; Sandeep Kumar; Sakshi Balwani; Balaram Ghosh; Ashok K. Prasad; Erik V. Van der Eycken; Anthony L. DePass; Jesper Wengel; Virinder S. Parmar; Christophe Len; Brajendra Kumar Singh. 2020. "Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity evaluation of novel chroman derivatives." New Journal of Chemistry , no. : 1.

Research article
Published: 13 July 2020 in Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
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Walnut shell residues have been used as sacrificial template in the synthesis of TiO2-based materials, via mechanochemical synthesis. In order to improve the photocatalytic efficiency of the synthesized titania, functionalization with ceria and zircona was also investigated. Samples were characterized using a multitechnique approach, including XRD, XPS, UV-visible spectroscopy and SEM. The synthesized materials have been used as catalysts in the photooxidation reaction of vanillyl alcohol towards vanillin, a compound of great interest due to its organoleptic properties. Results pointed out that the use of walnut shell allows obtaining nanostructured materials. The incorporation of Ce and Zr oxides on the titania surface gave rise to an increased absorption of visible light, together with the improvement of electronic properties, therefore enhancing photocatalytic efficiency in comparison with pure TiO2. The best catalytic behavior was observed for 1-Ce/TiO2-BS and 5Zr/TiO2-BS samples, with a maximum conversion of 39.7% and 52.4% for ceria and zirconia modified samples, respectively. Selectivity values of 99% towards vanillin and carbon balance higher than 98% were achieved in all cases.

ACS Style

Ana Isabel Martín-Perales; Daily Rodríguez-Padrón; Angel García Coleto; Christophe Len; Gustavo De Miguel; Mario J. Muñoz-Batista; Rafael Luque. Photocatalytic Production of Vanillin over CeOx and ZrO2 Modified Biomass-Templated Titania. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2020, 59, 1 .

AMA Style

Ana Isabel Martín-Perales, Daily Rodríguez-Padrón, Angel García Coleto, Christophe Len, Gustavo De Miguel, Mario J. Muñoz-Batista, Rafael Luque. Photocatalytic Production of Vanillin over CeOx and ZrO2 Modified Biomass-Templated Titania. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 2020; 59 (39):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Isabel Martín-Perales; Daily Rodríguez-Padrón; Angel García Coleto; Christophe Len; Gustavo De Miguel; Mario J. Muñoz-Batista; Rafael Luque. 2020. "Photocatalytic Production of Vanillin over CeOx and ZrO2 Modified Biomass-Templated Titania." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 59, no. 39: 1.

Journal article
Published: 10 June 2020 in Catalysts
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The present Special Issue concerns the papers which have been presented at the second edition of the Global Conference on Catalysis, Chemical Engineering & Technology (CAT 2018) that promote linkage of the catalytic science, engineering and technology

ACS Style

Stanislaw Dzwigaj; Christophe Len. Selected Papers from the 2nd Edition of Global Conference on Catalysis, Chemical Engineering and Technology (CAT 2018). Catalysts 2020, 10, 1 .

AMA Style

Stanislaw Dzwigaj, Christophe Len. Selected Papers from the 2nd Edition of Global Conference on Catalysis, Chemical Engineering and Technology (CAT 2018). Catalysts. 2020; 10 (6):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stanislaw Dzwigaj; Christophe Len. 2020. "Selected Papers from the 2nd Edition of Global Conference on Catalysis, Chemical Engineering and Technology (CAT 2018)." Catalysts 10, no. 6: 1.

Journal article
Published: 08 June 2020 in Sustainability
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A green reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline was carried out using lignocellulosic biomass as a hydrogen source in a subcritical polar protic solvent, such as water and alcohol. The method is simple to implement, inexpensive, and easily applicable on a larger scale. The present method does not demand elaborated experimental conditions nor any metal catalyst. Optimal conditions provided aniline with a 90% yield by reduction of nitrobenzene in the presence of sawdust impregnated by KOH in subcritical methanol at 240 °C for 6 h.

ACS Style

Sarra Tadrent; Anissa Khelfa; Christophe Len. Effect of KOH Pretreatment on Lignocellulosic Waste for the Reduction of Nitrobenzene to Aniline without Metal. Sustainability 2020, 12, 4665 .

AMA Style

Sarra Tadrent, Anissa Khelfa, Christophe Len. Effect of KOH Pretreatment on Lignocellulosic Waste for the Reduction of Nitrobenzene to Aniline without Metal. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (11):4665.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sarra Tadrent; Anissa Khelfa; Christophe Len. 2020. "Effect of KOH Pretreatment on Lignocellulosic Waste for the Reduction of Nitrobenzene to Aniline without Metal." Sustainability 12, no. 11: 4665.

Review article
Published: 06 May 2020 in Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry
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Among the major challenges of the century, reducing the world's dependence on fossil fuels is the most important. In this context, several approaches have been considered, including the production of lignocellulosic ethanol or second-generation bioethanol. After this preprocessing, second-generation bioethanol is produced using a process involving four primary steps. Different processes of hydrolysis and fermentation are highlighted and then technology trends and barriers to industrial development are commented.

ACS Style

Ting Su; Deyang Zhao; Mohamad Khodadadi; Christophe Len. Lignocellulosic biomass for bioethanol: Recent advances, technology trends, and barriers to industrial development. Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2020, 24, 56 -60.

AMA Style

Ting Su, Deyang Zhao, Mohamad Khodadadi, Christophe Len. Lignocellulosic biomass for bioethanol: Recent advances, technology trends, and barriers to industrial development. Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry. 2020; 24 ():56-60.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ting Su; Deyang Zhao; Mohamad Khodadadi; Christophe Len. 2020. "Lignocellulosic biomass for bioethanol: Recent advances, technology trends, and barriers to industrial development." Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry 24, no. : 56-60.

Research article
Published: 30 April 2020 in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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The catalytic upgrading of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), an important bio-based platform chemical, is of great interest. In this work, we report the oxidation of HMF to 5 hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid (HMFCA) employing Ag2O, a relatively cheap and commercially available catalyst, to achieve HMFCA yields of 98 % (60 min, 90 ºC). Various reaction parameters including type of catalyst, base, quantities of base and catalyst, reaction temperature in function of reaction time as well as hydrogen peroxide concentration have been optimized. Optimum yields were obtained under microwave batch conditions, exhibiting quantitative HMF conversion with 97 % HMFCA yield in only 24 min reaction (30 W). Reusability studies revealed catalyst deactivation, most likely associated with the reduction of silver oxide to metallic silver and nanoparticles sintering after the catalytic reaction.

ACS Style

Deyang Zhao; Daily Rodriguez-Padron; Rafael Luque; Christophe Len. Insights into the Selective Oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural to 5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic Acid Using Silver Oxide. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 2020, 8, 8486 -8495.

AMA Style

Deyang Zhao, Daily Rodriguez-Padron, Rafael Luque, Christophe Len. Insights into the Selective Oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural to 5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic Acid Using Silver Oxide. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 2020; 8 (23):8486-8495.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Deyang Zhao; Daily Rodriguez-Padron; Rafael Luque; Christophe Len. 2020. "Insights into the Selective Oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural to 5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic Acid Using Silver Oxide." ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 8, no. 23: 8486-8495.

Journal article
Published: 18 April 2020 in Sustainability
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Nowadays, theoretical calculation tools have become powerful in predicting the behavior of corrosion inhibitors on the surface of metals and, therefore, avoiding energy consumption and the cost of experimental tests. This work aims to predict the inhibitory power of some furan derivatives on Cu (111), Fe (110), Al (111) and Sn (111) surfaces in acidic media. For this purpose, three furan derivatives—furan-2-carbaldehyde (FF1), 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (FF2) and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furoic acid (FF3)—have been selected to compare their intrinsic properties against corrosion as well as their behavior on iron (Fe), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al) and tin (Sn) surfaces in acid medium. Typically, the anti-corrosive properties of FF1, FF2 and FF3 were studied by using quantum chemical calculations and Monte Carlo simulations. Density Functional Theory (DFT), lowest unoccupied (ELUMO) and highest occupied (EHOMO) molecular orbital energies, energy gap (∆E), chemical hardness (η), softness (σ), electronegativity (χ), electrophilicity (ω) and nucleophilicity (ε) have been calculated and discussed. Theoretical vibrational spectra were also calculated to exhibit the functional groups in the selected chemicals. On the other hand, the adsorption behaviors of FF1, FF2 and FF3 were studied on the Fe(110), Cu(111), Al(111) and Sn(111) surfaces. As a result, the adsorption energies of all molecules are ordered as Fe(110) < Cu(111) < Al(111) < Sn(111) and FF3 seems to be more effective as a corrosion inhibitor due to the existence of both carboxylic acid and hydroxyl groups, which consist of favorable sites of adsorption into the metal surface.

ACS Style

Hassan Bourzi; Rachid Oukhrib; Brahim El Ibrahimi; Hicham Abou Oualid; Youness Abdellaoui; Bouchra Balkard; Souad El Issami; Mustapha Hilali; Lahcen Bazzi; Christophe Len. Furfural Analogs as Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors—Predictive Efficiency Using DFT and Monte Carlo Simulations on the Cu(111), Fe(110), Al(111) and Sn(111) Surfaces in Acid Media. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3304 .

AMA Style

Hassan Bourzi, Rachid Oukhrib, Brahim El Ibrahimi, Hicham Abou Oualid, Youness Abdellaoui, Bouchra Balkard, Souad El Issami, Mustapha Hilali, Lahcen Bazzi, Christophe Len. Furfural Analogs as Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors—Predictive Efficiency Using DFT and Monte Carlo Simulations on the Cu(111), Fe(110), Al(111) and Sn(111) Surfaces in Acid Media. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (8):3304.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hassan Bourzi; Rachid Oukhrib; Brahim El Ibrahimi; Hicham Abou Oualid; Youness Abdellaoui; Bouchra Balkard; Souad El Issami; Mustapha Hilali; Lahcen Bazzi; Christophe Len. 2020. "Furfural Analogs as Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors—Predictive Efficiency Using DFT and Monte Carlo Simulations on the Cu(111), Fe(110), Al(111) and Sn(111) Surfaces in Acid Media." Sustainability 12, no. 8: 3304.

Communication
Published: 24 February 2020 in Energies
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Furfural is a platform molecule obtained from hemicellulose. Among the products that can be produced from furfural, furfuryl alcohol is one of the most extensively studied. It is synthesized at an industrial scale in the presence of CuCr catalyst, but this process suffers from an environmental negative impact. Here, we demonstrate that a non-noble metal catalyst (Co/SiO2) was active (100% conversion of furfural) and selective (100% selectivity to furfuryl alcohol) in the hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol at 150 °C under 20 bar of hydrogen. This catalyst was recyclable up to 3 cycles, and then the activity decreased. Thus, a comparison between batch and continuous flow reactors shows that changing the reactor type helps to increase the stability of the catalyst and the space-time yield. This study shows that using a continuous flow reactor can be a solution to the catalyst suffering from a lack of stability in the batch process.

ACS Style

Maïté Audemar; Yantao Wang; Deyang Zhao; Sébastien Royer; François Jérôme; Christophe Len; Karine De Oliveira Vigier. Synthesis of Furfuryl Alcohol from Furfural: A Comparison between Batch and Continuous Flow Reactors. Energies 2020, 13, 1002 .

AMA Style

Maïté Audemar, Yantao Wang, Deyang Zhao, Sébastien Royer, François Jérôme, Christophe Len, Karine De Oliveira Vigier. Synthesis of Furfuryl Alcohol from Furfural: A Comparison between Batch and Continuous Flow Reactors. Energies. 2020; 13 (4):1002.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maïté Audemar; Yantao Wang; Deyang Zhao; Sébastien Royer; François Jérôme; Christophe Len; Karine De Oliveira Vigier. 2020. "Synthesis of Furfuryl Alcohol from Furfural: A Comparison between Batch and Continuous Flow Reactors." Energies 13, no. 4: 1002.