In the construction process of an asphalt concrete impermeable core wall, the interlayer bonding of the core wall is the weak link of the core wall structure and also the focus of construction, so it is important to carry out research on the influence of interlayer bonding temperature on the bending performance of an asphalt concrete core wall. In this paper, we study whether asphalt concrete core walls could be treated with cold-bonding by fabricating small beam bending specimens with different interlayer bond temperatures and conducting bending tests on them at 2 °C. The effect of temperature variation on the bending performance of the bond surface under the asphalt concrete core wall is studied through experimental data analysis. The test results show that the maximum value of porosity of bituminous concrete specimens is 2.10% at lower bond surface temperature of −25 °C, which does not meet the specification requirement of less than 2%. The bending stress, strain, and deflection of bituminous concrete core wall increase with the increase of bond surface temperature, especially when the bond surface temperature is less than −10 °C. If the lower bonding surface temperature is less than 10 °C, the upper layer of asphalt mixture with large grain size aggregate cannot be effectively buried in the low bond surface, resulting in flat fracture and brittle damage to the specimen, which is detrimental to construction quality; therefore, the bonding surface should be heated so that the temperature of the bottom bonding surface is 30 °C. If the lower bonding surface temperature is 10 °C or above, no heating is required.

Different temperatures and continuous loads have significant effects on the long-term performance of asphalt concrete facings. The effects of temperature and stress on creep strain and creep rate were analyzed by designing a bending creep test of impermeable asphalt concrete under different temperatures and stresses. Based on the test data, a time–temperature–stress-dependent creep constitutive model was constructed to predict the long-term creep behavior of asphalt concrete at low temperature. The results showed that the creep behavior of asphalt concrete showed significant temperature and stress dependence. The creep behavior accelerated as the temperature or stress increased, especially under high-stress conditions, indicating obvious nonlinear characteristics. Under the condition of 0.2376 MPa, when the temperature increased from 0 °C to 20 °C, the strain at the creep time of 9330 s nearly increased by 24 times. Under 0 °C, the loading stress increased from 0.2376 MPa to 1.3176 MPa, and the strain nearly increased by six times at a creep time of 880 s. The creep strain is expected to increase to 8% after 8 years at −15 °C and 0.2376 MPa. The results can provide a scientific basis for engineering practice and significant implications for designing and maintaining asphalt concrete facings.