Background/Objectives: The aim of this research is to study the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and overactive bladder (OAB) among female university students in Kazakhstan and to analyze the risk factors associated with these conditions. Methods: A total of 574 female university students aged 18 to 40 years participated in this cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study. Self-completed questionnaires including the International Consultation on Urinary Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-UI-SF), the V8 Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OAB-V8), and data on demographic and general characteristics of the participants were collected. The frequency, type, and severity of UI, as well as factors associated with these conditions were analyzed. Results: The median age of the participants was 22.00 years (IQR 19.00–24.00). The prevalence of UI among female students was 27.5% (n = 158). The mean ICIQ-SF questionnaire score was 1.00 (IQR 1.00–2.00), while the OAB-V8 questionnaire score was 2.00 (IQR 0.00–4.00). In addition, 10.1% of the respondents reported having OAB. The analysis showed that factors such as childbirth and physical activity level were associated with the presence of UI. In addition, childbirth, the presence of chronic diseases, and physical activity level were associated with OAB. The probability of UI increased by 2.3 times for women who gave birth (OR 2.30, 95% CI 1.16–4.54). The likelihood of developing OAB rose by 3.3 times for women who gave birth (OR 3.36, 95% CI 1.76–6.42). The presence of chronic diseases was associated with a 2.7-fold increase in the probability of developing OAB (OR 2.74, 95% CI 1.51–4.96). Conclusions: This study found that UI and OAB are common problems among female university students in Kazakhstan. The risk factors identified as childbirth and physical activity level emphasize the need to raise awareness of these conditions and their impact on quality of life. The results of the study can serve as a basis for the development of targeted prevention programs and support strategies for young women.

Myasthenia gravis and urolithiasis present significant health risks for pregnant women, requiring a specialized approach to diagnosis and treatment. Myasthenia gravis, which causes muscle weakness, is more frequently observed in women of reproductive age. Urolithiasis can lead to infections and complications during childbirth. The incidence of myasthenia is rising, and 10–15% of newborns from mothers with myasthenia may present with temporary symptoms of the disease. To reduce risks, it is important to develop effective monitoring and treatment strategies for such patients. The results of our research, along with a literature review, should give confidence to researchers, urologists, gynecologists, neurologists, and public health professionals that, according to current scientific evidence, the innovative treatment method is safe for clinical application. Миастения гравис и мочекаменная болезнь представляют серьёзную угрозу для здоровья беременных женщин, требуя специализированного подхода к диагностике и лечению. Миастения, характеризующаяся мышечной слабостью, чаще наблюдается у женщин репродуктивного возраста. Мочекаменная болезнь может вызывать инфекции и осложнения во время родов. Заболеваемость миастенией продолжает расти, и у 10–15% новорождённых от матерей с миастенией могут наблюдаться временные симптомы заболевания. Для снижения рисков важно разработать эффективные стратегии наблюдения и лечения таких пациенток. Результаты нашего исследования, дополненные обзором литературы, должны укрепить уверенность исследователей, урологов, гинекологов, неврологов и специалистов в области общественного здравоохранения в том, что, согласно современным научным данным, предложенный инновационный метод лечения является безопасным для клинического применения. Миастения және несеп-тас ауруы жүкті әйелдер үшін айтарлықтай қауіп төндіреді, сондықтан диагноз қою мен емдеуде арнайы тәсілді талап етеді. Бұлшықет әлсіздігін тудыратын миастения көбінесе репродуктивті жастағы әйелдерде жиі кездеседі. Несеп-тас ауруы инфекцияларға және босану кезіндегі асқынуларға әкелуі мүмкін. Миастенияның таралуы артып келеді, ал миастениямен ауыратын аналардан туған нәрестелердің 10–15%-ында аурудың уақытша белгілері байқалуы мүмкін. Тәуекелдерді азайту үшін мұндай пациенттерге арналған тиімді бақылау және емдеу стратегияларын әзірлеу маңызды. Зерттеу нәтижелері мен әдебиеттерге шолу қазіргі ғылыми деректерге сәйкес ұсынылып отырған инновациялық емдеу әдісінің клиникалық қолдану үшін қауіпсіз екенін урологтарға, гинекологтарға, невропатологтарға және қоғамдық денсаулық сақтау мамандарына сенім ұялатады.