This article is the second in a series of three articles discussing the importance of interprofessional collaboration between the school nurse and other school-based and community professionals to create a healthcare team. Developing the healthcare team begins with identifying the individual medical, mental health, and educational needs of the student. Expertise in both education and healthcare systems makes school nurses ideal candidates for coordinating with the healthcare team to meet the needs of the student. This article builds on the first article by providing some examples of the collaboration that occurs between the school nurse and other team members, as well as identifying facilitators and barriers to this collaboration.
1 January 2021 in Perspectives on Early Childhood Psychology and Education
Interventions for young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often focus on reducing negative behaviors or increasing the frequency of positive behaviors. Little discussion, however, focuses on the underlying mental health and developmental factors or ancillary skill deficits that may be contributing to problem behaviors. With social emotional standards built into the educational system, schools are uniquely positined to provide social emotional support and instruction to students with disabilities, especially children with ASD. Often, Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) of preschool and early elementary school children with ASD focus on state academic standards rather than the social-emotional needs often associated with the underlying core symptoms of ASD that are the true driver of “educational need” in the school setting. This manuscript provides a framework for incorporating social emotional learning (SEL) goals into the IEPs of young children with ASD. The family- school partnership approach, including effective relational (i.e., communication, collaboration, parent-teacher relationship/alliance) and structural (i.e., behavioral supports, home-based involvement) components (Sheridan et al., 2019) will be emphasized to meet the mental health and developmental needs of children with ASD via pivotal SEL goals across home and school environments. We conclude with a case study of the COMPASS parent-teacher consultation intervention for improving SEL outcomes through shared parent-teacher decision making and collaboration for SEL goal selection, individualized intervention planning, teacher coaching, and outcomes-based monitoring.
The Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children (WISC) are the most widely used instrument in assessing cognitive ability, especially with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previous literature on the WISC has demonstrated a divergent pattern of performance on the WISC for children ASD compared to their typically developing peers; however, there is a lack of research concerning the most recent iteration, the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth Edition (WISC-V). Due to the distinctive changes made to the WISC-V, we sought to identify the pattern of performance of children with ASD on the WISC-V using a classification and regression (CART) analysis. The current study used the standardization sample data of the WISC-V obtained from NCS Pearson, Inc. Sixty-two children diagnosed with ASD, along with their demographically matched controls, comprised the sample. Results revealed the Comprehension and Letter-Number Sequencing subtests were the most important factors in predicting group membership for children with ASD with an accompanying language impairment. Children with ASD without an accompanying language impairment, however, were difficult to distinguish from matched controls through the CART analysis. Results suggest school psychologists and other clinicians should administer all primary and supplemental subtests of the WISC-V as part of a comprehensive assessment of ASD.