The purpose of the present study was to characterize the prevalence, associated factors, and to construct a nomogram for predicting bone metastasis (BM) with different histological types of lung cancer. This study was a descriptive study that basing on the invasive lung cancer patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2014 in Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. A total of 125,652 adult patients were retrieved. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate homogeneous and heterogeneous factors for BM occurrence. Nomogram was constructed to predict the risk for developing BM and the performance was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) and the calibration curve. The overall survival of the patients with BM was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method and the survival differences were tested by the log-rank test. A total of 25,645 (20.9%) were reported to have BM, and the prevalence in adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, small cell lung cancer (SCLC), large cell lung cancer (LCLC), and non-small cell lung cancer/not otherwise specified lung cancer (NSCLC/NOS) were 24.4, 12.5, 24.7, 19.5 and 19.4%, respectively, with significant difference (P < 0.001). Male gender, more metastatic sites and lymphatic metastasis were positively associated with BM in all lung cancer subtypes. Larger tumor size was positively associated with BM in all the lung cancer subtypes except for NSCLC/NOS. Poorly differentiated histology was positively associated with adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and NSCLC/NOS. The calibration curve and ROC curve exhibited good performance for predicting BM. The median survival of the bone metastatic lung cancer patients was 4.00 (95%CI: 3.89–4.11) months. With the increased number of the other metastatic sites (brain, lung and liver metastasis), the survival significantly decreased (p < 0.001). Different lung cancer histological subtypes exhibited distinct prevalence and homogeneity and heterogeneity associated factors for BM. The nomogram has good calibration and discrimination for predicting BM of lung cancer.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the survival rate of patients with different bone sarcomas and to investigate homogenous and heterogenous prognostic factors for different types of bone sarcomas.Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of records from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database. Clear information on the distant metastasis of cancer is provided in the SEER database for patients diagnosed between January 2010 and December 2016. Data for the four types of malignant bone sarcomas were extracted, including osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and chordoma. Patients with bone sarcomas originated from other sites, diagnosed at autopsy, or indicated in death certification were excluded. The overall survival was calculated for the entire cohort and across different bone sarcomas using the Kaplan–Meier method. A subgroup analysis of the different survival rates of four types of bone sarcomas in various levels of each variable was conducted and the differences were tested with the log‐rank test. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to determine the prognostic factors. Variables with P < 0.05 in the univariate Cox regression analysis were further analyzed using a multivariate Cox regression analysis. The prognostic factors in four groups of bone sarcomas were compared to determine the homogenous and heterogenous factors.Results: A total of 4732 patients were included with a follow up of 25 (0–83) months. The mean age of patients was 39.7 ± 24.1 years. The 1‐year, 3‐year, and 5‐year overall survival rate for the entire cohort was 86.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 85.2%–87.2%), 70.5% (95% CI: 68.9%–72.1%), and 63.0% (95% CI: 61.2%–64.8%), respectively. Factors including age older than 40 years, higher grade, regional and distant stage, tumor in the extremities, T2 stage, bone and lung metastases, and non‐surgery were significantly associated with the poor survival of the entire cohort. The mean overall survival duration of patients with chordoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and osteosarcoma was 66.86 (95% CI: 64.06–69.66), 63.53 (95% CI: 61.81–65.25), 58.06 (95% CI: 55.49–60.62) and 54.91 (95% CI: 53.14–56.69) months, respectively. Compared with chordoma, the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI for patients with chondrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and osteosarcoma were 1.30 (95% CI: 1.04–1.62; P = 0.023), 1.69 (95% CI: 1.33–2.14; P < 0.001), and 2.00 (95% CI: 1.61–2.48; P <0.001), respectively. Different bone sarcomas showed homogenous and heterogenous prognostic factors.Conclusion: Different clinicopathological characteristics and prognoses were revealed in patients with osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and chordoma. The risk factors can potentially guide prognostic prediction and sarcoma‐specific treatment.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the prevalence and patterns of type II inflammatory disease among adult patients with psoriasis in China, including the associated comorbidities and coexisting conditions. Patients and methods: Data were collected from the register of China National Clinical Center for Skin and Immune Diseases between June 2020 and May 2023. Univariate and a multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyze the factors associated with type II inflammatory disease in patients with psoriasis. Results: A total of 15172 adults with psoriasis were included in this study, and the mean age was 42.46 years and 35.21% were females. Among them, 725 were identified to have type II inflammatory disease, resulting in an overall prevalence of 4.78%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for type II inflammatory disease in patients with psoriasis was 1.12 (1.06-1.18) for older age (per 10-year increase), 1.05 (0.89-1.23) for female sex, 1.03 (0.81-1.32) for obesity (BMI≥28kg/m2), 1.32 (1.10-1.58) for smoking, 17.21 (10.46-28.30) for hypertension, 3.14 (2.47-3.99) for history of drug allergy, 1.56 (1.28-1.19) for family history of psoriasis, and 0.60 (0.49-0.73) for severity of the disease (severe vs mild psoriasis). Conclusion: Our results indicate that type II inflammatory diseases in patients with psoriasis is associated with smoking, hypertension, history of drug allergy, and family history of psoriasis. Furthermore, we observed a correlation between the severity of psoriasis and a decreased likelihood of type II inflammatory diseases. This study contribute to valuable real-world data with regard to epidemiological features of type II inflammation among patients with psoriasis in China. It also offer insights into potential risk factors for targeted interventions and personalized treatment strategies in clinical setting.