Background and Objectives: Bone regeneration (BR) is a cornerstone technique in reconstructive dental surgery, traditionally using either barrier membranes, titanium meshes, or perforated non-resorbable membranes to facilitate bone regeneration. Recent advancements in 3D technology, including CAD/CAM and additive manufacturing, have enabled the development of customized scaffolds tailored to patient needs, potentially overcoming the limitations of conventional methods. Materials and Methods: A scoping review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Electronic searches were performed in MEDLINE (PubMed), the Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science up to January 2025 to identify studies on digital technologies applied to bone augmentation. Eligible studies encompassed randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case series, and case reports, all published in English. Data regarding digital workflows, software, materials, printing techniques, and sterilization methods were extracted from 23 studies published between 2015 and 2024. Results: The review highlights a diverse range of digital workflows, beginning with CBCT-based DICOM to STL conversion using software such as Mimics and Btk-3D^®. Customized titanium meshes and other meshes like Poly Ether-Ether Ketone (PEEK) meshes were produced via techniques including direct metal laser sintering (DMLS), selective laser melting (SLM), and five-axis milling. Although titanium remained the predominant material, studies reported variations in mesh design, thickness, and sterilization protocols. The findings underscore that digital customization enhances surgical precision and efficiency in BR, with several studies demonstrating improved bone gain and reduced operative time compared to conventional approaches. Conclusions: This scoping review confirms that 3D techniques represent a promising advancement in BR. Customized digital workflows provide superior accuracy and support for BR procedures, yet variability in protocols and limited high-quality trials underscore the need for further clinical research to standardize techniques and validate long-term outcomes.

Aim: Limited bone support in suprabony defects hinders predictable regeneration, but adjunctive biologics can improve results. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of adjunctive biologics combined with open flap debridement (OFD) compared with OFD alone when treating suprabony defects. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search was performed to identify controlled trials evaluating adult patients presenting horizontal periodontal defects. The primary outcome included residual probing depth (PD). Random‐effects meta‐analyses were performed; heterogeneity was assessed using I ² statistics; risk of bias was evaluated using Cochrane RoB‐2; and evidence of quality was appraised via the GRADE framework. Results: Nine studies comprising 303 patients were included. Adjunctive use of biologics—including enamel matrix derivative (EMD), platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) and hyaluronic acid (HA)—significantly enhanced clinical outcomes compared to OFD alone, with pooled mean differences favouring EMD and PRF for both residual PD (−0.89 and −0.42 mm) and clinical attachment level (CAL) (−1.32 and −0.69 mm). While subgroup differences were observed, notably with EMD, high heterogeneity was present for CAL and PD, and evidence of certainty ranged from low to very low. Conclusion: Adjunctive biologics improve clinical outcomes in suprabony periodontal defects; however, rigorous standardised trials are needed for reaching firm conclusions.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy and long‐term clinical outcomes of the one‐stage procedure for covering isolated deep gingival recessions (GRs) in the mandibular anterior region employing a laterally positioned flap (LPF) with a connective tissue graft (CTG), with a retrospective case series. Methods: Nine patients presenting 11 isolated mid‐facial recessions, where no loss of attachment level or the interproximal loss is equal to or less than the buccal one, received a LPF with CTG. The study's primary outcome was the percentage of mean gingival recession coverage (mGRC) and its stability over time. Secondary endpoints included the frequency of complete gingival recession coverage (CGRC), changes in keratinized tissue width (KTW) over time, and final root coverage aesthetic score (RES). Results: The mean of CGRC was 0.7, 0.4, and 0.5 mm for each time point with a mean up to 90% after the first year and up to 95% for 5‐ and 10‐year follow‐ups expressed in percentage, reporting an increase in KTW as well. At 1‐, 5‐, and 10‐year follow‐ups, the mean of the RESs was, respectively, 8, 7.04, and 7.09. Conclusions: The present results suggest that the LPF + CTG is a valuable approach for treating deep isolated mandibular single recession type 1 (RT1) and RT2 GRs. It results in a favorable mean of CGRC, stable clinical outcomes over time, and an increase in KTW, with undisputed patient benefits and great clinician satisfaction. Key points: This study highlights the effectiveness of a one‐stage procedure using a laterally positioned flap (LPF) and connective tissue graft (CTG) for treating isolated deep gingival recessions (GR) in the mandibular anterior region. The primary outcome measured was the mean gingival recession coverage (mGRC) over time, while secondary metrics included complete gingival recession coverage (CGRC), keratinized tissue width (KTW), and root coverage aesthetic scores (RES). The mean CGRC was 90% after 1 year and 95% at 5 and 10 years; the mean RES scores were 8, 7.04, and 7.09 at the 1‐, 5‐, and 10‐year follow‐ups, respectively; KTW also increased significantly. These results confirm that the LPF + CTG technique is not only effective for treating recession type 1 (RT1) and RT2 GRs but also offers substantial benefits for patients and high satisfaction for clinicians, making it a recommended approach in practice. Plain language summary: This case series aims to describe the effectiveness of the laterally positioned flap as a reliable and predictable technique for root coverage in cases of single isolated mandibular recession. The paper evaluates the mean rates of complete root coverage and increases in keratinized tissue following the surgical procedure, assessed at 1, 5, and 10 years postoperation. The results demonstrate good aesthetic outcomes and favorable clinical stability of the tissues over time.

Background: An amalgam tattoo is an iatrogenic lesion that can lead to esthetic concerns. This paper presents a literature review aimed at exploring treatment options available to clinicians for addressing this unesthetic issue. Methods: The initial search identified 209 potentially relevant publications. After applying specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 papers were analyzed and summarized in a comprehensive table, highlighting significant aspects for comparison. Results: The findings indicate various treatment options reported in the existing literature. Additionally, this paper includes a case report detailing the procedure performed on a 47‐year‐old female with an amalgam tattoo on the buccal aspect of her upper right premolars. Following muco‐abrasion to remove the oral pigmented lesion, a bilaminar mucogingival procedure was performed. Conclusions: At the 8‐year follow‐up, the gingival color and texture blended well with the surrounding soft tissues, the periodontal structures appeared healthy, and the patient was satisfied with the esthetic outcomes. Key points: Discoloration of the oral mucosa caused by amalgam can result in esthetic dissatisfaction for patients. A review of the literature indicates that the bilaminar technique is a more reliable surgical approach for achieving cosmetic results in a single operation. An 8‐year follow‐up case report supports this finding, detailing a procedure that involved muco‐abrasion of the lesion followed by a sliding pedicle flap. Plain language summary: An amalgam tattoo is an iatrogenic lesion associated with esthetic concerns. This paper reviews treatment options for this issue, analyzing 18 relevant publications from an initial search of 209. Additionally, a case report details the treatment of a 47‐year‐old female patient with an amalgam tattoo on her upper right premolars. After muco‐abrasion to remove the lesion, a plastic surgery procedure with a connective tissue graft from the palate was performed. At the 8‐year follow‐up, the gingival color and texture matched the surrounding tissues, the periodontal structures appeared healthy, and the patient was satisfied with the results.

Aims: To quantify immediate graft displacement following tension‐free flap closure in non‐contained alveolar ridge defects regenerated using three membrane fixation strategies in an ex vivo human model. Methods: Eighteen sites from six fresh cadaveric heads with non‐contained defects underwent horizontal guided bone regeneration using deproteinized bovine bone mineral and a collagen membrane stabilized by no fixation (NF), periosteal sutures (PS), or titanium fixation pins (FP). Techniques were applied sequentially. Cone‐beam CT scans were obtained at baseline, post‐grafting, and after passive closure. Linear ridge width was measured at 12 standardized positions, and graft volumes were segmented from STL reconstructions. Mixed‐effects multilevel linear regression assessed width changes, while Friedman and paired Wilcoxon tests evaluated volumetric outcomes, with Tukey‐adjusted contrasts for intergroup comparisons. Results: Fixation pins virtually eliminated graft displacement (−6.7 ± 87 mm ³ ) and achieved the highest stability (81.2% ± 8.2%), significantly outperforming periosteal sutures (−96 ± 165 mm ³ ; 70.1% ± 4.5%) and no fixation (−247 ± 150 mm ³ ; 44.4% ± 17.9%) (loss p = 0.030; stability p = 0.002). Ridge collapse was greatest with no fixation (−1.37 ± 0.85 mm) compared with PS (−0.40 ± 0.62 mm) and FP (−0.28 ± 0.61 mm). After adjustment, PS and FP reduced collapse by 0.96 mm ( p = 0.012) and 1.11 mm ( p = 0.004), respectively. Conclusion: Even after passive flap release and tension‐free closure, membrane fixation, particularly with titanium pins, provides superior resistance to graft displacement in non‐contained defects, while unfixed membranes allow substantial graft loss and are therefore not recommended in non‐contained defects.

Aim: To evaluate outcome measures in clinical studies on alveolar ridge augmentation (ARA) and map them to the Implant Dentistry Core Outcome Set and Measurement (ID‐COSM) framework and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) terminology. Methods: A systematic search was carried out across four databases through June 2025. Randomised and non‐randomised clinical trials, prospective clinical studies, cohort studies and pilot clinical studies evaluating ARA performed before or simultaneously with implant placement were included. Extracted outcomes were mapped to ID‐COSM domains, subdomains and specific outcomes, and all were classified into FDA‐style outcome types. Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed using Domain 4 of RoB 2.0/ROBINS‐I, and associations between RoB and completeness of outcome reporting were analysed with Spearman's rank correlation and Kruskal–Wallis tests (α = 0.05). Results: Four hundred and twenty‐nine studies were included, predominantly randomised controlled trials (56.4%). Less than half of the studies fulfilled the mandatory ID‐COSM domains (47.6%), and none reported all nine subdomains. For mandatory outcomes, surgical complications (52.7%) and implant placement feasibility (48.3%) were more frequently reported than bone dimensional changes (33.8%), and peri‐implant bone stability was reported in only 11.0% of studies. For FDA categorisation, clinician‐reported outcomes (86.3%) and biomarkers (87.7%) predominated, while patient‐reported outcomes were reported in 31.9% of studies. Observer‐reported or performance outcomes were completely absent. Lower risk of bias was associated with more complete reporting of outcomes across domains, subdomains and specific outcomes ( p = 0.032, 0.017 and 0.009, respectively). Conclusion: Outcome reporting for ARA trials is highly heterogeneous and poorly aligned with the standardised minimum outcomes recommended by ID‐COSM and FDA categorisation.