Annonaceae is a major tropical plant family particularly diverse in tropical rain forests of the world. Although the classification and systematics of the family has significantly improved over the past decade, the most recent classification was based on a reduced set of plastid markers and incomplete genus‐level taxon sampling. This classification recognised 4 subfamilies and 20 tribes. Yet, several important problems persisted, especially the phylogenetic placement of the African genus Meiocarpidium, resolution of intertribal relationships within subfamily Malmeoideae, resolution and classification within the diverse tribe Miliuseae with 23 genera, and the contrasting placement of the liana genus Artabotrys when using nuclear versus plastid data. Here, using a previously published Annonaceae‐specific nuclear bait kit, we generated for the first time a complete genus‐level (108 taxa) phylogenomic tree of the family based on 373 loci. We show that Meiocarpidium is sister to Ambavioideae and should be considered as a tribe and not a separate subfamily. Artabotrys is recovered as belonging to tribe Duguetieae, and not Xylopieae as previously inferred based on plastid data, and is sister to two other African liana genera, Letestudoxa and Pseudartabotrys. Finally, we were able to resolve intertribal relationships within subfamily Malmeoideae and most of the relationships within tribe Miliuseae. Nevertheless, we recovered strong gene conflict mainly at the backbone of the tribe, probably linked to a rapid diversification at its origin, leading to substantial incomplete lineage sorting. We suggest that this conflict will be hard to resolve. Using this novel phylogenomic framework we recognize 25 subtribes, 21 as new, to improve the infrafamilial classification of Annonaceae.

Derris rubricosta Boonprajan & Sirich., sp. nov., a new species of the genus Derris Lour. (Fabaceae) was discovered in Peninsular Thailand. The overall morphology demonstrates that the species most resembles D. pubipetala. Nevertheless, the species has several autapomorphies differentiating it from other Derris species, e.g., the presence of reddish midribs of the mature leaflets, sparsely hairy stamen filaments, prominent hairs at the base of the anthers, and presence of glandular trichomes along the leaflet midrib. Additionally, HPLC fingerprints of this species showed a distinction from D. pubipetala by the absence of phytochemical compound peaks after 13 min. Retention Time (RT). Results from molecular phylogenetic analyses also strongly supported the taxonomic status as a new species.

The infrageneric classification of the genus Clerodendrum (Lamiaceae) has been highly problematic due to different concepts and subdivisions being applied to the treatment of Asian, Australian, and African species. Earlier molecular phylogenetic studies based on Sanger sequencing and limited sampling have indicated that previous morphology-based infrageneric classifications are not congruent with the phylogeny due to morphological convergence in many lineages. Advances in high-throughput DNA sequencing provide more information allowing more robust phylogenetic reconstruction at larger scale. We present the first comprehensive phylogenetic study of Clerodendrum that includes representatives of all previously recognized infrageneric taxa and using targeted sequencing data obtained from the Angiosperms353 enrichment to resolve the phylogenetic relationships. In agreement with previous phylogenetic work, our phylogeny shows that Asian and Australian species form a sister clade to an African Clade. Clerodendrum is monophyletic with the exclusion of some tropical coastal species, including some Australian species, which fall within a clade containing Volkameria and New World genera. We recognize two subgenera: subgen. Clerodendrum for Asian and Australian species and the new subgen. Afroclerodendrum for African and Malagasy species. Our findings support an infrageneric classification of Clerodendrum with a total of 13 sections based on molecular phylogenetic evidence and morphology that clearly accommodate the Asian, remaining Australian, and African species. Of these, we propose three new sections: sect. Albiflora, sect. Fortunata and sect. Megaflora for clades presenting unique morphological characters. The sectional classification and taxonomic consequences are discussed.

A synopsis of the 28 species and one variety of Clerodendrum occurring in Thailand is presented including the one endemic species, C. lloydianum Craib and the seven introduced and cultivated taxa, namely C. calamitosum L., C. chinense (Osbeck) Mabb. var. chinense, C. laevifolium Blume, C. minahassae Teijsm. & Binn., C. quadriloculare (Blanco) Merr., C. splendens G. Don and C. thomsoniae Balf.f. A key to the Thai species of Clerodendrum is provided together with their known distribution, ecological data and some illustrations. In addition, C. longisepalum Dop is lectotypified.

Two new species of Polyalthia from Peninsular Thailand, Polyalthia heliopetala and P. taweensis, are described and illustrated. Polyalthia heliopetala most closely resembles P. oblonga and P. motleyana. Polyalthia taweensis most closely resembles P. obliqua. Polyalthia pumila is newly reported for Thailand from a single locality; the species was previously known only from two localities in Peninsular Malaysia and has not been re-collected in over 100 years.