Rutu Jaswanth Kothari

Mrs. Rutu Jaswanth Kothari


Research Focus & Metrics

Academic Career Length

2Years (2025-Present)

(Calculated once Scilit publication data is synced: current year − year of first publication + 1)

Representative Publications

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14 May 2025 in Genes
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
PDF file
SMStephen P.G. Moore
Stephen P.G. Moore
SKShripushkar Ganesh Krishnan
Shripushkar Ganesh Krishnan
RKRutu Jaswanth Kothari
Rutu Jaswanth Kothari
NPNoah Prince
Noah Prince
CKColin Kenny
Colin Kenny
DLDeborah Lang
Deborah Lang
Background/Objectives: PAX3 is a transcription factor that drives melanoma progression by promoting cell growth, migration, and survival, while inhibiting cellular terminal differentiation. However, known PAX3 target genes are limited and cannot fully explain the wide impact of PAX3 function. The PAX3 protein can regulate DNA through two separate binding domains, the Paired Domain (PD) and Homeodomain (HD), which bind different DNA motifs. It is not clear if these two domains bind and work together to regulate genes and if they promote all or only a subset of downstream cellular events. Methods: PAX3 direct downstream targets were identified using Cleavage Under Targets & Release Using Nuclease (CUT&RUN) assays in SK-MEL-5 melanoma cells. PAX3-binding genomic regions were identified through MACS2 peak calling, and peaks were categorized based on the presence of PD and/or HD binding sites (or neither) through HOMER motif analysis. The peaks were further characterized as Active, Primed, Poised, Repressed, or Closed based on ATAC-seq data and CUT&RUN for histone Post-Translational Modifications H3K4me1, H3K4me3, H3K27me3, and H3K27Ac. Results: This analysis revealed that most of the PAX3 binding sites in the SK-MEL-5 cell line were primarily through the PD and connected to Active genes. Surprisingly, PAX3 does not commonly act as a repressor in SK-MEL-5 cells. Pathway analysis identified genes involved with transcription, RNA modification, and cell growth. Peaks located in distal enhancer elements were connected to genes involved in neuronal growth, function, and signaling. Conclusions: Our results reveal novel PAX3 regulatory regions and putative genes in a melanoma cell line, with a predominance of PAX3 PD binding on active sites.