(1) Background: The occurrence, intensity, and characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) caused by anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs have consistently been a subject of worry. There is a lack of published research from Pakistan regarding the negative effects of anti-TB treatment on children, specifically about ADRs. In this study, we aimed to investigate the ADR associated with anti-DR-TB treatment in children. (2) Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted in the multicenter setting of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 450 TB children in multicenter hospitals under ATT were assessed for ADRs. Naranjo Causality Assessment and Hartwig’s Severity Assessment Scale were used to evaluate the causality and severity. (3) Results: A total of 300 (66.66%) ADRs were reported in 450 people with DRTB. Anemia was the most frequently observed ADR (37.6%) followed by nausea and vomiting (18.6%). On multivariate analysis, the independent variables that had a statistically significant positive association with ADRs were participants aged, 5–14 years (AOR, 0.3 (0.1–0.5), p ≤ 0.001), normal weight (1.1 (2.0–1.9), p < 0.001), and children having comorbidities (AOR, 0.5 (0.1–0.8), p ≤ 0.001). (4) Conclusions: Our findings advocate for personalized treatment approaches, incorporating nutritional support, comprehensive comorbidity management, and vigilant monitoring to mitigate ADRs and improve treatment outcomes.

Introduction: Tuberculosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) pose significant health challenges in developing countries. Research suggests a connection between tuberculosis infections and the development of CVD. The immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, driven by monocytes, macrophages, lymphocytes, and cytokines, also plays a key role in the formation of atherosclerosis in the arteries, contributing to cardiovascular complications. This study aimed to assess the mortality trend of tuberculosis patients due to the development of cardiovascular disease among TB patients, secondary to tuberculosis infection. Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted at Penang General Hospital, Malaysia, from January 2023 to August 2023. Data was collected from January 2015 to December 2022. A retrospective design that focuses on TB patients without pre-existing CVD. This study utilized a purposive sampling of 657 deceased TB patient files. Results: The present study findings revealed a significant statistic of mortality of 12.5% due to CVD among TB patients, with acute coronary syndrome being the leading cause (8.37%). Factors such as anemia (p = 0.005) and drug resistance (p = 0.004) demonstrated a significant association with mortality due to CVD. Conclusions: These findings illuminate the possible link between tuberculosis infection and cardiovascular disease (CVD) progression. Identifying risk factors contributing to the development of CVD can guide targeted interventions aimed at improving the comprehensive care of tuberculosis patients.