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Comfort temperature and sleep quality involving 20 participants were determined in two cases: Case A (arbitrary, controlled air-conditioner setting) and Case B (adjustment of 3 °C higher than the setting of Case A with cool bed linen). Data of indoor thermal comfort and electricity consumption were collected every night throughout the measurement period. Questionnaires on thermal comfort and sleep quality were distributed twice a night for a duration of three nights for each case; the first night was for respondents’ adaptation and the following two nights were for measurement. The sleep quality of the respondents was objectively measured using a commercially available activity tracker. Results found that most respondents were thermally comfortable in both cases, with 39% lower energy consumption reported for Case B compared to Case A. The thermal conditions of Case B were found to be more tolerable than those of Case A. Most respondents reported to have a calm and satisfied sleep for both cases. Comfort temperature and Sleep Efficiency Index (SEI) were found to be maintained in both cases.
Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Mohamad Faizal Rosli; Hom Bahadur Rijal; Farah Nurhanis Hassan Sadzli; Aya Hagishima; Fitri Yakub. Effectiveness of a Cool Bed Linen for Thermal Comfort and Sleep Quality in Air-Conditioned Bedroom under Hot-Humid Climate. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9099 .
AMA StyleSheikh Ahmad Zaki, Mohamad Faizal Rosli, Hom Bahadur Rijal, Farah Nurhanis Hassan Sadzli, Aya Hagishima, Fitri Yakub. Effectiveness of a Cool Bed Linen for Thermal Comfort and Sleep Quality in Air-Conditioned Bedroom under Hot-Humid Climate. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9099.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSheikh Ahmad Zaki; Mohamad Faizal Rosli; Hom Bahadur Rijal; Farah Nurhanis Hassan Sadzli; Aya Hagishima; Fitri Yakub. 2021. "Effectiveness of a Cool Bed Linen for Thermal Comfort and Sleep Quality in Air-Conditioned Bedroom under Hot-Humid Climate." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9099.
Demand response programs (DRs) can be implemented with less investment costs than those in power plants or facilities and enable us to control power demand. Therefore, they are highly expected as an efficient option for power supply–demand-balancing operations. On the other hand, DRs bring new difficulties on how to evaluate the cooperation of consumers and to decide electricity prices or rebate levels with reflecting its results. This paper presents a theoretical approach that calculates electricity prices and rebate levels in DRs based on the framework of social welfare maximization. In the authors’ proposal, the DR-originated changes in the utility functions of power suppliers and consumers are used to set a guide for DR requests. Moreover, optimal electricity prices and rebate levels are defined from the standpoint of minimal burden in DRs. Through numerical simulations and discussion on their results, the validity of the authors’ proposal is verified.
Hirotaka Takano; Naohiro Yoshida; Hiroshi Asano; Aya Hagishima; Nguyen Tuyen. Calculation Method for Electricity Price and Rebate Level in Demand Response Programs. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 6871 .
AMA StyleHirotaka Takano, Naohiro Yoshida, Hiroshi Asano, Aya Hagishima, Nguyen Tuyen. Calculation Method for Electricity Price and Rebate Level in Demand Response Programs. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (15):6871.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHirotaka Takano; Naohiro Yoshida; Hiroshi Asano; Aya Hagishima; Nguyen Tuyen. 2021. "Calculation Method for Electricity Price and Rebate Level in Demand Response Programs." Applied Sciences 11, no. 15: 6871.
This study aimed to evaluate the link between health problems, demographic factors, and the indoor environment quality of residents in Indonesia. We conducted a cross-sectional design study through a questionnaire survey with 443 respondents aged between 12 and 81 years. The questionnaire was concerned with previous health problem occurrences associated with thermal discomfort experiences, indoor environments, economic conditions, and basic anthropometric factors. Logistic regression with the odds ratio (OR) was applied to evaluate the tendency of different respondent groups to suffer from certain health problems, when compared to reference groups. Furthermore, structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to incorporate certain factors (economic conditions, thermal discomfort experiences, and perceived indoor environments) into a single model to understand their direct and indirect effects on health conditions. The results indicate that economic conditions are the most significantly associated with health problems. Furthermore, we found that the low-income group was the most vulnerable to health problems, including coughing, puking, diarrhoea, odynophagia, headaches, fatigue, rheumatism, fidgeting, skin rashes, muscle cramps, and insomnia (OR: 1.94–6.04, p <0.05). Additionally, the SEM suggested that the respondents’ economic conditions and thermal discomfort experiences had significant direct effects on their health problems with standardized estimates of -0.29 and 0.55, respectively. Additionally, perceived indoor environment quality, which is possible to cause thermal discomfort experience, indirectly affect health problems. These findings contribute an insightful and intuitive knowledge base which can aid health assessments associated with demographic and physical environments in developing sustainable and healthy environment strategies for the future.
Solli Murtyas; Nishat T. Toosty; Aya Hagishima; N. H. Kusumaningdyah. Relation between occupants’ health problems, demographic and indoor environment subjective evaluations: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey study in Java Island, Indonesia. PLOS ONE 2021, 16, e0254460 .
AMA StyleSolli Murtyas, Nishat T. Toosty, Aya Hagishima, N. H. Kusumaningdyah. Relation between occupants’ health problems, demographic and indoor environment subjective evaluations: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey study in Java Island, Indonesia. PLOS ONE. 2021; 16 (7):e0254460.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSolli Murtyas; Nishat T. Toosty; Aya Hagishima; N. H. Kusumaningdyah. 2021. "Relation between occupants’ health problems, demographic and indoor environment subjective evaluations: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey study in Java Island, Indonesia." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7: e0254460.
Background Climate change, as a defining issue of the current time, is causing severe heat-related illness in the context of extremely hot weather conditions. In Japan, the remarkable temperature increase in summer caused by an urban heat island and climate change has become a threat to public health in recent years. Methods This study aimed to determine the potential risk factors for heatstroke by analysing data extracted from the records of emergency transport to the hospital due to heatstroke in Fukuoka City, Japan. In this regard, a negative binomial regression model was used to account for overdispersion in the data. Age-structure analyses of heatstroke patients were also embodied to identify the sub-population of Fukuoka City with the highest susceptibility. Results The daily maximum temperature and wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT), along with differences in both the mean temperature and time-weighted temperature from those of the consecutive past days were detected as significant risk factors for heatstroke. Results indicated that there was a positive association between the resulting risk factors and the probability of heatstroke occurrence. The elderly of Fukuoka City aged 70 years or older were found to be the most vulnerable to heatstroke. Most of the aforementioned risk factors also encountered significant and positive associations with the risk of heatstroke occurrence for the group with highest susceptibility. Conclusion These results can provide insights for health professionals and stakeholders in designing their strategies to reduce heatstroke patients and to secure the emergency transport systems in summer.
Nishat Tasnim Toosty; Aya Hagishima; Ken-Ichi Tanaka. Heat health risk assessment analysing heatstroke patients in Fukuoka City, Japan. PLOS ONE 2021, 16, e0253011 .
AMA StyleNishat Tasnim Toosty, Aya Hagishima, Ken-Ichi Tanaka. Heat health risk assessment analysing heatstroke patients in Fukuoka City, Japan. PLOS ONE. 2021; 16 (6):e0253011.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNishat Tasnim Toosty; Aya Hagishima; Ken-Ichi Tanaka. 2021. "Heat health risk assessment analysing heatstroke patients in Fukuoka City, Japan." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6: e0253011.
In 2019, Bangladesh has grappled with a record-breaking surge in dengue fever, experiencing the highest number of dengue cases since the year 2000. Together, the intensification of dengue fever combined with a lack of dengue vaccines and appropriate medicines is expected to further the public and government’s interests in appropriate and potential dengue vaccines to control the epidemic. We considered people’s characteristics, dengue experience, and knowledge to assess their willingness-to-accept (WTA) and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for a hypothetical dengue vaccine and ex-post treatment in Bangladesh (June–July 2019). This study implemented a contingent valuation (CV) method with 3,251 respondents in 10 different locations of Bangladesh. All respondents participated in a hypothetical dengue vaccine scenario consisting of 65% (vaccine A), 80% (vaccine B), and 95% (vaccine C) effectiveness levels with three doses of each vaccine and ex-post dengue treatment. Around 71.2% of respondents were willing to pay for at least one of the hypothetical vaccines: A, B, or C. The average WTPs of the three vaccines amounted to US$ 47.0, US$ 66.0, and US$ 89.0, which were defined as the total cost of the doses necessary to obtain immunity. In Bangladesh, there is a significant demand for low-priced dengue vaccines, which was proven by people’s higher acceptance of vaccination practices. Though dengue vaccines are not yet available in Bangladesh, this study provides significant support that both the government and private sectors should work together to develop a reliable and affordable dengue vaccine.
K M Ariful Kabir; Aya Hagishima; Jun Tanimoto. Hypothetical assessment of efficiency, willingness-to-accept and willingness-to-pay for dengue vaccine and treatment: a contingent valuation survey in Bangladesh. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 2020, 17, 773 -784.
AMA StyleK M Ariful Kabir, Aya Hagishima, Jun Tanimoto. Hypothetical assessment of efficiency, willingness-to-accept and willingness-to-pay for dengue vaccine and treatment: a contingent valuation survey in Bangladesh. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics. 2020; 17 (3):773-784.
Chicago/Turabian StyleK M Ariful Kabir; Aya Hagishima; Jun Tanimoto. 2020. "Hypothetical assessment of efficiency, willingness-to-accept and willingness-to-pay for dengue vaccine and treatment: a contingent valuation survey in Bangladesh." Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 17, no. 3: 773-784.
Sheltering of buildings has a significant impact on the total drag of an urban surface. This study performs large eddy simulations (LESs) of flows over vertical random arrays (comprised of buildings with height variability) in staggered layout to estimate the drag coefficient, CD. The vertical random arrays are configured in several frontal area densities, λF (ratio of buildings' frontal area to total surface area) ranging from 0.09 to 0.81. The sheltering effect is parameterized using the individual building's wind pressure coefficient, Cp(t) normalized with that of the isolated building, Cp(iso). The ratio Cp(t)/Cp(iso) is well correlated with the target building's frontal area density, λf(t). Subsequently, the relationship between Cp(t) and λf(t) is expressed using power law equations for three building categories based on the height-to-width ratio, αp(t): tall (2.64 ≤ αp(t) ≤ 3.76), medium-rise (1.32 ≤ αp(t) ≤ 2.00), and low-rise (0.36 ≤ αp(t) ≤ 0.84). Based on the Cp(t), an equation of the CD is formulated, yielding the following outcomes. Firstly, the predicted CD values are mostly within 10% of the previous experimental results. Secondly, a semi-empirical model is derived, whereby the predicted CD values are generally consistent for various vertical random arrays.
Ahmad Faiz Mohammad; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Naoki Ikegaya; Aya Hagishima; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim. A new semi-empirical model for estimating the drag coefficient of the vertical random staggered arrays using LES. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 2018, 180, 191 -200.
AMA StyleAhmad Faiz Mohammad, Sheikh Ahmad Zaki, Naoki Ikegaya, Aya Hagishima, Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim. A new semi-empirical model for estimating the drag coefficient of the vertical random staggered arrays using LES. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics. 2018; 180 ():191-200.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmad Faiz Mohammad; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Naoki Ikegaya; Aya Hagishima; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim. 2018. "A new semi-empirical model for estimating the drag coefficient of the vertical random staggered arrays using LES." Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 180, no. : 191-200.
Computational fluid dynamics simulations with a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes model were performed for flow fields over a building array and inside a building in the array with different building opening positions. Ten combinations of opening locations were selected to investigate the effect of the locations on indoor cross-ventilation rates. The results of these simulations show that the exterior distributions of mean wind speed and turbulence kinetic energy hardly differ even though building openings exist. Although similar patterns of outdoor flow fields were observed, the opening positions produced two different types of ventilations: one-way and two-way. In one-way ventilation, the wind flows through the opening are unidirectional: diagonally downward at the windward wall. In two-way ventilation, both inflow and outflow simultaneously occur through the same opening. Determination of ventilation rates showed that the ventilation types can explain what type of ventilation rate may be significant for each opening location.
Yuki Murakami; Naoki Ikegaya; Aya Hagishima; Jun Tanimoto. Coupled Simulations of Indoor-Outdoor Flow Fields for Cross-Ventilation of a Building in a Simplified Urban Array. Atmosphere 2018, 9, 217 .
AMA StyleYuki Murakami, Naoki Ikegaya, Aya Hagishima, Jun Tanimoto. Coupled Simulations of Indoor-Outdoor Flow Fields for Cross-Ventilation of a Building in a Simplified Urban Array. Atmosphere. 2018; 9 (6):217.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYuki Murakami; Naoki Ikegaya; Aya Hagishima; Jun Tanimoto. 2018. "Coupled Simulations of Indoor-Outdoor Flow Fields for Cross-Ventilation of a Building in a Simplified Urban Array." Atmosphere 9, no. 6: 217.
Temperature increase in urban areas due to the urban heat island as well as the global climate change inevitably raises the peak load supply for space cooling as well as the risk of heat-related illness in hot climate. This paper provides the comprehensive review of the thermal mitigation effect of urban vegetation based on the field observations.
Aya Hagishima. Green infrastructure and urban sustainability. THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION ON POWDER TECHNOLOGY INDONESIA (ICePTi) 2017 2018, 1931, 020002 .
AMA StyleAya Hagishima. Green infrastructure and urban sustainability. THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION ON POWDER TECHNOLOGY INDONESIA (ICePTi) 2017. 2018; 1931 (1):020002.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAya Hagishima. 2018. "Green infrastructure and urban sustainability." THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION ON POWDER TECHNOLOGY INDONESIA (ICePTi) 2017 1931, no. 1: 020002.
Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Aya Hagishima; Ryosuke Fukami; Nur Fadhilah. Development of a model for generating air-conditioner operation schedules in Malaysia. Building and Environment 2017, 122, 354 -362.
AMA StyleSheikh Ahmad Zaki, Aya Hagishima, Ryosuke Fukami, Nur Fadhilah. Development of a model for generating air-conditioner operation schedules in Malaysia. Building and Environment. 2017; 122 ():354-362.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSheikh Ahmad Zaki; Aya Hagishima; Ryosuke Fukami; Nur Fadhilah. 2017. "Development of a model for generating air-conditioner operation schedules in Malaysia." Building and Environment 122, no. : 354-362.
Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Siti Aisyah Damiati; Hom Bahadur Rijal; Aya Hagishima; Azli Abd Razak. Adaptive thermal comfort in university classrooms in Malaysia and Japan. Building and Environment 2017, 122, 294 -306.
AMA StyleSheikh Ahmad Zaki, Siti Aisyah Damiati, Hom Bahadur Rijal, Aya Hagishima, Azli Abd Razak. Adaptive thermal comfort in university classrooms in Malaysia and Japan. Building and Environment. 2017; 122 ():294-306.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSheikh Ahmad Zaki; Siti Aisyah Damiati; Hom Bahadur Rijal; Aya Hagishima; Azli Abd Razak. 2017. "Adaptive thermal comfort in university classrooms in Malaysia and Japan." Building and Environment 122, no. : 294-306.
Thermal comfort is one of the most important factors for satisfying occupants within indoor environments, especially in regions that experience warm summer seasons, and analyses of thermal comfort and occupant behaviour are critical for the effective implementation of energy saving programs. This paper presents the results of studies on the thermal comfort and adaptive behaviour of occupants in university buildings with free running (FR) and cooling (CL) mode offices in Fukuoka, Japan. Both thermal measurements and thermal comfort surveys were conducted during the summer season. The mean thermal sensation vote (TSV) in FR and CL modes was 0.7 and −0.1, respectively. These data show that occupants in FR mode offices felt slightly warmer than those in CL mode offices, where occupants typically reported feeling neutral. The mean comfort temperature for both cases, as estimated by using the Griffiths method, was 26.6 °C. For personal clothing, we found that the use of clothing insulation was inversely proportional to the outdoor temperature. The adaptive behaviours of occupants were found to be more active in FR mode offices compared to those in CL mode offices, which were more passive. This indicates that amenable thermal conditions were present in the air conditioning (A/C)-controlled indoor environments where occupants expressed no wish to make changes.
Mohd Sabri Mustapa; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Hom Bahadur Rijal; Aya Hagishima; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim. Thermal comfort and occupant adaptive behaviour in Japanese university buildings with free running and cooling mode offices during summer. Building and Environment 2016, 105, 332 -342.
AMA StyleMohd Sabri Mustapa, Sheikh Ahmad Zaki, Hom Bahadur Rijal, Aya Hagishima, Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim. Thermal comfort and occupant adaptive behaviour in Japanese university buildings with free running and cooling mode offices during summer. Building and Environment. 2016; 105 ():332-342.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohd Sabri Mustapa; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Hom Bahadur Rijal; Aya Hagishima; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim. 2016. "Thermal comfort and occupant adaptive behaviour in Japanese university buildings with free running and cooling mode offices during summer." Building and Environment 105, no. : 332-342.
This paper reviews the progress made in outdoor wind environment and outdoor ventilation at pedestrian level in urban area for the past few decades until today. The focus is on the effect of wind on people at pedestrian level and how the urban geometry can influence the flow field around the building. Section 1 explains the effect of natural wind environment on comfort and safety of the pedestrian. Section 2 describes the characteristic of pedestrian wind and flow pattern around the building due to the building geometry arrangement.
Azli Abd Razak; Aya Hagishima; Zainol Abidin Awang Sa; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki. Progress in Wind Environment and Outdoor Air Ventilation at Pedestrian Level in Urban Area. Applied Mechanics and Materials 2016, 819, 236 -240.
AMA StyleAzli Abd Razak, Aya Hagishima, Zainol Abidin Awang Sa, Sheikh Ahmad Zaki. Progress in Wind Environment and Outdoor Air Ventilation at Pedestrian Level in Urban Area. Applied Mechanics and Materials. 2016; 819 ():236-240.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAzli Abd Razak; Aya Hagishima; Zainol Abidin Awang Sa; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki. 2016. "Progress in Wind Environment and Outdoor Air Ventilation at Pedestrian Level in Urban Area." Applied Mechanics and Materials 819, no. : 236-240.
We report the result of a wind-tunnel experiment to measure the scalar transfer efficiency of three types of surfaces, wet street surfaces of cube arrays, wet smooth surfaces with dry patches, and fully wet smooth surfaces, to examine the effects of roughness topography and scalar source allocation. Scalar transfer coefficients defined by the source area \({C}_{\mathrm{E\,wet}} \) for an underlying wet street surface of dry block arrays show a convex trend against the block density \(\lambda _\mathrm{p}\). Comparison with past data, and results for wet smooth surfaces including dry patches, reveal that the positive peak of \({C}_{\mathrm{E\,wet}}\) with increasing \(\lambda _\mathrm{p}\) is caused by reduced horizontal advection due to block roughness and enhanced evaporation due to a heterogeneous scalar source distribution. In contrast, scalar transfer coefficients defined by a lot-area including wet and dry areas \({C}_{\mathrm{E\,lot}}\) for smooth surfaces with dry patches indicate enhanced evaporation compared to the fully wet smooth surface (the oasis effect) for all three conditions of dry plan-area ratio up to 31 %. Relationships between the local Sherwood and Reynolds numbers derived from experimental data suggest that attenuation of \({C}_{\mathrm{E\,wet}}\) for a wet street of cube arrays against streamwise distance is weaker than for a wet smooth surface because of canopy flow around the blocks. Relevant parameters of ratio of roughness length for momentum to scalar \({B}^{-1}\) were calculated from observational data. The result implies that \({B}^{-1}\) possibly increases with block roughness, and decreases with the partitioning of the scalar boundary layer because of dry patches.
Juyeon Chung; Aya Hagishima; Naoki Ikegaya; Jun Tanimoto. Wind-Tunnel Study of Scalar Transfer Phenomena for Surfaces of Block Arrays and Smooth Walls with Dry Patches. Boundary-Layer Meteorology 2015, 157, 219 -236.
AMA StyleJuyeon Chung, Aya Hagishima, Naoki Ikegaya, Jun Tanimoto. Wind-Tunnel Study of Scalar Transfer Phenomena for Surfaces of Block Arrays and Smooth Walls with Dry Patches. Boundary-Layer Meteorology. 2015; 157 (2):219-236.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuyeon Chung; Aya Hagishima; Naoki Ikegaya; Jun Tanimoto. 2015. "Wind-Tunnel Study of Scalar Transfer Phenomena for Surfaces of Block Arrays and Smooth Walls with Dry Patches." Boundary-Layer Meteorology 157, no. 2: 219-236.
In 2 × 2 prisoner’s dilemma games, network reciprocity is one mechanism for adding social viscosity, which leads to cooperative equilibrium. Here we elucidate how strategy adaptation neighborhood affects on network reciprocity in spatial prisoner’s dilemma games. Presuming an appropriate range of strategy adaptation neighborhood, we can observe the evolution of cooperation than usual network reciprocity previously reported. In the discussion based on our simulation result, we explore why those enhancements are brought, which can be summarized that varying the neighborhood ranges influences on how cooperative clusters are successfully formed and expanded in evolutionary process.
Takashi Ogasawara; Jun Tanimoto; Eriko Fukuda; Aya Hagishima; Naoki Ikegaya. Large Strategy Adaptation Neighborhood Bolsters Network Reciprocity in Prisoner’s Dilemma Games. Proceedings in Adaptation, Learning and Optimization 2015, 597 -609.
AMA StyleTakashi Ogasawara, Jun Tanimoto, Eriko Fukuda, Aya Hagishima, Naoki Ikegaya. Large Strategy Adaptation Neighborhood Bolsters Network Reciprocity in Prisoner’s Dilemma Games. Proceedings in Adaptation, Learning and Optimization. 2015; ():597-609.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTakashi Ogasawara; Jun Tanimoto; Eriko Fukuda; Aya Hagishima; Naoki Ikegaya. 2015. "Large Strategy Adaptation Neighborhood Bolsters Network Reciprocity in Prisoner’s Dilemma Games." Proceedings in Adaptation, Learning and Optimization , no. : 597-609.
The aerodynamic effects of various configurations of an urban array were investigated in a wind-tunnel experiment. Three aerodynamic parameters characterising arrays—the drag coefficient (C d ), roughness length (z o) and displacement height (d)—are used for analysis. C d is based on the direct measurement of the total surface shear using a floating element, and the other two parameters are estimated by logarithmic fitting of the measured wind profile and predetermined total drag force. The configurations of 63 arrays used for measurement were designed to estimate the effects of layout, wind direction and the height variability of the blocks on these parameters for various roughness packing densities. The results are summarised as follows: (1) The estimated C d and z o of the staggered arrays peak against the plan area index (λp ) and frontal area index (λf ), in contrast with values for the square arrays, which are less sensitive to λp and λf . In addition, the square arrays with a wind direction of 45° have a considerably larger C d , and the wind direction increases z o/H by up to a factor of 2. (2) The effect of the non-uniformity of roughness height on z o is more remarkable when λf exceeds 20%, and the discrepancy in z o is particularly remarkable and exceeds 200%. (3) The effect of the layout of tall blocks on C d is stronger than that of short blocks. These results indicate that the effects of both wind direction and the non-uniformity of the heights of buildings on urban aerodynamic parameters vary greatly with λp and λf ; hence, these effects should be taken into account by considering the roughness packing density.
Aya Hagishima; Jun Tanimoto; Koji Nagayama; Sho Meno. Aerodynamic Parameters of Regular Arrays of Rectangular Blocks with Various Geometries. Boundary-Layer Meteorology 2009, 132, 315 -337.
AMA StyleAya Hagishima, Jun Tanimoto, Koji Nagayama, Sho Meno. Aerodynamic Parameters of Regular Arrays of Rectangular Blocks with Various Geometries. Boundary-Layer Meteorology. 2009; 132 (2):315-337.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAya Hagishima; Jun Tanimoto; Koji Nagayama; Sho Meno. 2009. "Aerodynamic Parameters of Regular Arrays of Rectangular Blocks with Various Geometries." Boundary-Layer Meteorology 132, no. 2: 315-337.
A data set of myriad and time-varying inhabitant-behavior schedules with a 15 min time resolution, generated by the authors in a previous study, is validated through a comparison analysis. We show three comparisons. The first and second compare the estimated demand with a time series of actual utility demand. The comparisons indicate that the generated data and its algorithm, described by the authors, have an appropriate robustness. Another comparison between the estimate and the annual averaged daily water demand of a residential area, consisting of 9327 residences, also shows an acceptable consistency.
Jun Tanimoto; Aya Hagishima; Hiroki Sagara. Validation of probabilistic methodology for generating actual inhabitants’ behavior schedules for accurate prediction of maximum energy requirements. Energy and Buildings 2007, 40, 316 -322.
AMA StyleJun Tanimoto, Aya Hagishima, Hiroki Sagara. Validation of probabilistic methodology for generating actual inhabitants’ behavior schedules for accurate prediction of maximum energy requirements. Energy and Buildings. 2007; 40 (3):316-322.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJun Tanimoto; Aya Hagishima; Hiroki Sagara. 2007. "Validation of probabilistic methodology for generating actual inhabitants’ behavior schedules for accurate prediction of maximum energy requirements." Energy and Buildings 40, no. 3: 316-322.
The convective heat transfer coefficient (CHTC) of an urban canopy is a crucial parameter for estimating the turbulent heat flux in an urban area. We compared recent experimental research on the CHTC and the mass transfer coefficient (MTC) of urban surfaces in the field and in wind tunnels. Our findings are summarised as follows. In full-scale measurements on horizontal building roofs, the CHTC is sensitive to the height of the reference wind speed for heights below 1.5 m but is relatively independent of roof size. In full-scale measurements of vertical building walls, the dependence of the CHTC on wind speed is significantly influenced by the choice of the measurement position and wall size. The CHTC of the edge of the building wall is much higher than that near the centre. In spite of differences of the measurement methods, wind-tunnel experiments of the MTC give similar relations between the ratio of street width to canopy height in the urban canopy. Moreover, this relationship is consistent with known properties of the flow regime of an urban canopy. Full-scale measurements on roofs result in a non-dimensional CHTC several tens of times greater than that in scale-model experiments with the same Reynolds number. Although there is some agreement in the measured values, our overall understanding of the CHTC remains too low for accurate modelling of urban climate.
Aya Hagishima; Jun Tanimoto; Ken-Ich Narita. Intercomparisons of Experimental Convective Heat Transfer Coefficients and Mass Transfer Coefficients of Urban Surfaces. Boundary-Layer Meteorology 2005, 117, 551 -576.
AMA StyleAya Hagishima, Jun Tanimoto, Ken-Ich Narita. Intercomparisons of Experimental Convective Heat Transfer Coefficients and Mass Transfer Coefficients of Urban Surfaces. Boundary-Layer Meteorology. 2005; 117 (3):551-576.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAya Hagishima; Jun Tanimoto; Ken-Ich Narita. 2005. "Intercomparisons of Experimental Convective Heat Transfer Coefficients and Mass Transfer Coefficients of Urban Surfaces." Boundary-Layer Meteorology 117, no. 3: 551-576.
We gathered field measurement data on five familial and three single dwellings during summer 2000 by deploying numerous handy type hygrothermal meters with self-recording functions to measure room air, globe and outdoor air temperatures. These measurements led to conclusions on the probability of turning on an air conditioning system versus indoor globe temperature and the ongoing probability of air conditioning versus outdoor temperature. This analysis was transformed into state transition probability functions, i.e. shifting from the off to on state and from the on to off state. Identifying these state transition probability functions is an important first step in applying the Markov Model to on/off state analysis for air conditioning systems, which is one of the significant approaches for dealing with the stochastic thermal load for HVAC system. The obtained state transition probability functions should help immeasurably in determining effective schedules for air conditioning operation from inhabitant occupancy schedules.
Jun Tanimoto; Aya Hagishima. State transition probability for the Markov Model dealing with on/off cooling schedule in dwellings. Energy and Buildings 2004, 37, 181 -187.
AMA StyleJun Tanimoto, Aya Hagishima. State transition probability for the Markov Model dealing with on/off cooling schedule in dwellings. Energy and Buildings. 2004; 37 (3):181-187.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJun Tanimoto; Aya Hagishima. 2004. "State transition probability for the Markov Model dealing with on/off cooling schedule in dwellings." Energy and Buildings 37, no. 3: 181-187.