This review studies the potential relationship between the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR) and otitis media with effusion (OME) in both adults and children, applying the modified Bradford Hill criteria. While AR and OME are distinct conditions, several epidemiological and experimental studies suggest a significant association, primarily through allergic mechanisms such as Th-2 immune responses, Eustachian tube dysfunction, and inflammatory mediators in the middle ear. Given the substantial diversity and, in many instances, the “low quality” of related studies when assessed against the standards of modern evidence-based medicine, employing a structured framework like the modified Bradford Hill criteria is beneficial for investigating and establishing causality. This approach, which allows a wide range of diverse studies to be classified as direct, mechanistic, or parallel evidence, supports the notion that management of the allergic immune response may improve OME outcomes, although the inconsistencies among studies require further research. Despite current guidelines recommending against the use of antiallergic medications, the application of the above criteria suggests that proper diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis should be strongly considered in adults and children with OME.

Facial nerve schwannomas arising in the accessory parotid gland region are extremely rare, and paediatric cases have not been reported previously. We present the case of a girl in middle childhood who developed a painless, gradually enlarging mass in the mid-cheek area. Radiologic evaluation revealed a well-defined lesion with imaging features suggestive of a benign neoplasm. A transoral surgical approach was chosen to avoid cutaneous scarring and minimise surgical morbidity. Complete excision was achieved without injury to the facial nerve or Stensen’s duct, and histopathology revealed a benign schwannoma. The postoperative course was uneventful, and no evidence of recurrence was observed during a 3-year follow-up, with the preservation of optimal aesthetic appearance and function. This case highlights the importance of including schwannomas in the differential diagnosis of mid-cheek masses in paediatric patients and supports the transoral approach as a safe and effective alternative to external approaches, even in this age group.