In the context of green shipping, carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology is widely recognized as an effective approach for maritime emission reduction. However, existing onboard CO₂ capture systems (OCCS) face challenges including high retrofit complexity, operational limitations, significant deadweight tonnage loss, and compromising feasibility. This study addresses these issues through modular redesign and standardization of two core components: the capture device and CO₂ storage system. We developed clustered storage units to ensure secure CO₂ storage while maximizing economic efficiency, with optimal deployment determined through parameter optimization. The work further examines post-capture processing methods and implementation barriers for onboard CCUS, establishing practical pathways to advance decarbonization technologies and mature maritime CCUS industry chains.

Western Sichuan Depression is located in the west of the Sichuan Basin and has shown great gas prospects for many years. Due to the characteristics of multiple stages of tectonic evolution and multiple directions of tectonic distribution, petroleum geological conditions are extremely complex in this area. In this paper, we use geological data, seismic data, well logging, and petroleum geological data to study the tectonic characteristics and controls on hydrocarbon accumulation in the middle section of the Western Sichuan Depression. The middle part of the Western Sichuan Depression is dominated by thrust structures, including thrust structures formed by the combination of thrust faults, fault triangular belt, and thrust imbricate structures, as well as fold deformation related to thrust faults, such as snake-head structure and slippage fold. The study area is characterized by east-west zonation and up-down stratification. In the process of formation and evolution, Western Sichuan Foreland Basin mainly experienced three tectonic periods, namely the Indosinian period, the Yanshan period, and the Himalayan period. Multi-stage tectonics, the change of force source, and principal stress direction also lead to the formation of tectonic series and tectonic belts with different trends. Most of the traps of the Leikoupo Formation in the region had their embryonic form in the late Indochinese period, which was further developed in the Yanshanian period, and basically formed in the early Himalayan period. Therefore, the tectonic conditions and accumulation conditions were well arranged, forming self-generation and self-accumulation or a combination of self-generation and self-accumulation and up-generation and sub-accumulation reservoir formation mode. The superior accumulation conditions and tectonic conditions make the Marine strata of the Leikoupo Formation of the Western Sichuan Depression show more favorable exploration potential. This study reveals structural style of the piedmont belt in the foreland basin and establishes reliable evidences for the further development of regional structural and accumulation models, which are crucial for further oil and gas explorations.

Eastern Sichuan fold belt, a prolific hydrocarbon province in China, shows the similar fold styles to the Swiss Jura Mountain fold belt, which’s therefore called as Jura-type fold by Chinese geologists. However, it’s still a matter of geologist’s debate on the formation mechanism of the eastern Sichuan fold belt.To unravel how this type of fold trains form, a systematic scaled 2D contractional analogue experiments with composite materials were conducted. Silica-sand represents the overburden with added mica-flakes, and a stiff plasticine interlayer introducing different mechanical anisotropies. Viscous silicone rubber represents the salt detachment. The following 3 main issues have been investigated: 1) what type mechanical stratigraphy can form the fold train during lateral contraction; 2) what are the mutual interaction between faulting and folding during the formation process of detachment fold; 3）what are kinematics and its related strain distribution patterns for a detachment fold system.The modelling results indicate that the presence of a stiff plasticine layer is the key perquisite for the formation of a concentric fold train for the following reasons: 1) it encourages the shortening to be periodically accommodated by sinusoidal-symmetric buckle folds at the inceptive folding stage; 2) it can keep the break-thrust ramps from being activated with further shorting delaying the development of faulted detachment folds at the later folding stage. As for silicone detachment, it mainly plays a role in the amplification of detachment folds via the redistribution of ductile material between the syncline and anticline domain.DIC strain data show that the main sections of detachment fold-the limbs, especially in the forelimb, and the hinge are easily strained. More specifically, the normal faults and breakthrusts can form in the anticlinal hinge and limbs, respectively, when the detachment fold cannot be tightened any more. However, the strain is not easily accumulated in the syncline domain.Our modelling result together with the latest interpretation of seismic reflection suggest that the eastern Sichuan fold belt is a result of faulted detachment folds, mainly controlled by the competence contrast within the overburden and the thickness of both the weak viscous detachment and strong brittle overburden.Keywords: Eastern Sichuan Basin; Analogue modelling; DIC; Fold-thrust belt; Detachment fold