Stray dogs are one of the main reservoirs of intestinal parasitic infections and some have zoonotic potential. An epidemiological survey was carried out between September 2017 and May 2018 in Mexicali Valley, this area sacrifices around 92,470 head of cattle monthly, which represents 27% of the national slaughter and has 71,307 hectares for crops. In this period the Municipal Animal Control Center during their routine visits to the Mexicali Valley captured 103 dogs. All the dogs were evaluated using copromicroscopic techniques to detect intestinal parasites. The general frequency of parasitic infections was 28.15% (29/103), the most frequent parasite being Dipylidium caninum 16.50% (17/103), followed by Taenia spp. 6.79% (7/103), Taenia hydatigena 2.91% (3/103), Taenia serialis 0.97% (1/103), Taenia pisiformis (0.97%), Toxocara canis 3.88% (4/103), Toxascaris leonina 1.94% (2/103), and Cystoisospora spp. 1.94% (2/103). No significant statistical associations were found between parasitic infections and the studied variables (sex, age, and size) however; there was a significant statistical association with the capture area. Most of the parasites found in this survey have potential to affect the human population and animal production.

Heart disease is a major contributor to mortality and disability on a global scale. Hence, there is a need for research to improve non-invasive diagnostic techniques. Diseases in dogs with characteristics very similar to those of human pathologies hold promise as a source of data for evaluating and developing echocardiographic techniques and devices. Methods: We conducted a structured literature search from June 2022 to January 2023 to evaluate the relevance of dogs as a translational model for echocardiographic clinical research. We searched various academic databases, including PubMed Central (PMC), Core, DIGITAL.CSIC, DOAB, DOAJ, EBSCO host, Elsevier B.V, Redib, Scopus, and Web of Science, available through the Academic Information System of the Autonomous University of Baja California. Results: Out of the 243 articles initially screened, we identified 119 relevant articles that met our inclusion criteria for further analysis. This review is an introduction to the canine model by analyzing the cardiovascular anatomical similarities between the two species, the pathophysiological overlaps in some diseases, the parallels in echocardiographic techniques in dogs compared to humans, and the suitability of dogs with a naturally occurring cardiac disease as a model for translational clinical research compared to other animal species. Conclusions: This review emphasizes the importance of canine patients as an ideal cardiac disease symmetrical clinical model since they share common heart diseases with humans. Furthermore, dogs have a shorter lifespan, leading to the relatively rapid evolution of these diseases, which makes studying these pathologies and developing echocardiographic techniques more feasible. The results strongly indicate the need for interdisciplinary collaboration and translational medical research to create innovative echocardiographic technologies and improve the connection between veterinary and human cardiac imaging research.

Studies worldwide report cutaneous neoplasms in dogs; however, data in the arid regions of Mexico remain scarce. Here we report the main malignant cutaneous neoplasms diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), and describe the associations with age, sex and breed in Mexicali. Neoplastic lesions accounted for 25.52% (698/2735) of the cases, of which 56.59% (395/698) were malignant. The highest prevalence was observed in dogs aged 9–12 years (n = 193), intact males (n = 162), and mixed-breed dogs (n = 247). Round cell neoplasms (n = 309), including lymphoma, transmissible venereal tumors (TVT), and mast cell tumors (MCT), were the most common cell lineage. Using dogs aged 0–4 years as the reference group, dogs aged 9–12 years had 0.241 times the odds of developing malignant neoplasms (95% CI: 0.141–0.415, p = 0.0025). Using neutered males as the reference group, intact females showed 2.499 times the odds of developing malignant neoplasms (95% CI: 1.462–4.271, p = 0.0042). Compared to mixed-breed dogs, Schnauzers (OR = 0.161) showed significantly lower odds of malignancy (95% CI: 0.082–0.317, p = 0.0004), while Pitbull Terriers had 1.748 times more chance of present malignant neoplasia (95% CI: 1.014–3.013, p < 0.0001). This study provides significant epidemiological evidence on canine cutaneous neoplasms in an arid region of Mexico, identifying key risk factors and distribution patterns that can guide preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic strategies tailored to regional characteristics.

Introduction: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an advanced life support for critically ill patients with refractory cardiogenic shock. However, evidence on its impact on mortality, hemodynamic recovery, and complications remains heterogeneous. This review aims to systematically evaluate ECMO’s impact on mortality and hemodynamic recovery in adult patients with refractory cardiogenic shock, addressing gaps and variations in existing literature.Material and Methods: This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines. Databases searched were PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Two reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data, and assessed quality using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Findings were synthesized narratively due to study heterogeneity.Results: Mortality rates ranged widely from 33 to 75%, reflecting differences in patient populations and timing of ECMO initiation. Early ECMO initiation within less than one hour of shock onset was associated with a 47 percent reduction in mortality risk. In-hospital mortality was approximately 40%, increasing to nearly 60% at one-year follow-up. Success rates for weaning patients off ECMO varied between 53% and 88%. Hemodynamic improvements following ECMO support included increased blood pressure, improved left ventricular ejection fraction, and decreased serum lactate levels. Complications were frequent and diverse, predominantly bleeding, stroke, renal failure, and limb ischemia. Bleeding complications are strongly correlated with mortality.Conclusions: ECMO provides crucial circulatory support in refractory cardiogenic shock, improving hemodynamic parameters but with persistently high mortality and complication rates. Early initiation and careful patient selection are vital for optimizing outcomes, underscoring the need for multidisciplinary management and further high-quality prospective studies.

Objective: This systematic review compares survival with favorable neurological outcomes following extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) versus conventional CPR (CCPR) in adults with refractory cardiac arrest.Methods: We conducted a systematic search of major databases for randomized and observational studies comparing ECPR to CCPR. The primary outcome was survival with a favorable neurological outcome, defined as a Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) of 1 or 2.Results: Eight studies involving 1,676 patients were included. The pooled analysis demonstrated that ECPR was associated with a 21.2 % rate of favorable neurological outcome compared to 16.7 % with CCPR. The combined relative risk (RR) was 1.27 (95 % CI 1.04–1.56), indicating a statistically significant 27 % relative improvement with ECPR. The absolute risk reduction was 4.5 %, with a number needed to treat of 22. However, significant heterogeneity was observed. The magnitude of benefit was highly dependent on patient and system factors, with the most pronounced advantages seen in patients with an initial shockable rhythm and shorter low-flow times. While one randomized controlled trial (ARREST) reported a large, significant effect (RR 6.43), the larger INCEPTION trial found a non-significant effect (RR 1.24).Conclusion: ECPR is associated with a significant improvement in survival with favorable neurological outcomes compared to CCPR. This benefit is not universal and appears greatest in selected populations, particularly those with shockable rhythms and rapid access to a highly organized ECPR system. Successful implementation requires robust protocols for rapid deployment and careful patient selection.

Introduction: patients with critical comorbidities undergoing major abdominal surgery face elevated risks of complications due to reduced physiological reserve. Hemodynamic and metabolic optimization strategies, including goal-directed fluid therapy and glycemic or nutritional protocols, may improve perioperative outcomes. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of such interventions in high-risk patients.Methodology: a systematic search was performed in PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library up to May 2025. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials and cohort observational studies. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool for RCTs and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for observational studies. Two reviewers independently screened and extracted data.Results: seventeen studies evaluated hemodynamic and metabolic optimization in high-risk abdominal surgery. Hemodynamic strategies—such as goal-directed fluid therapy guided by cardiac index or stroke volume variation—were associated with reductions in 30-day mortality (15.5% vs. 21.8%, p=0.005), complications, ICU admissions, and length of stay in several trials. However, outcomes were inconsistent across studies, with some showing no significant benefits. Metabolic optimization, including glycemic control and individualized nutrition, improved nitrogen balance, body composition, glycemic targets, and reduced liver dysfunction. Malnutrition was linked to increased complications and prolonged hospital stay. While many interventions showed promising results, variability in study designs and outcomes limits definitive conclusions.Conclusion: hemodynamic and metabolic optimization may improve outcomes in high-risk abdominal surgery, though effects vary. Multimodal strategies targeting fluid balance, glycemic control, and nutrition appear beneficial.