The current global economy demands synergy between ecological responsiveness and proactive business models. To analyze these dynamics, the objective of this study is to simultaneously investigate the effects of green innovation practices concerning the sustainable development goals (SDG) and financial performance of firms. This study also advocates for the injection of green innovation reporting into sustainable reporting for greater disclosure. Data from sixty-seven companies from five continents and the top five blue chip firms for each country are collected through content analysis, with the generalized least squares (GLS) approach used to test a causal relationship hypothesis. The results indicate mixed findings, with green product innovation showing positive relationships with returns on equity (ROE) and returns on investments (ROI). At the same time, green process innovation shows negative relationships with returns on assets (ROA) but shows a positive impact on returns on investments (ROI) and firm SDGs. In contrast, green service innovation shows an insignificant relationship with financial performance and SDGs. On the other hand, non-operational green innovation variables and green marketing positively affect returns on assets and investment, showing significant negative impacts on returns on equity. However, green organizational innovation shows an insignificant relationship with firm financial performance and SDGs. In addition, this study also shows that the Australia/New Zealand region is the leader in green innovation reporting, followed by Europe, Asia, Africa, and lastly, North America.

The growing concerns surrounding the precarious state of the biosphere have triggered organizations to develop and implement innovations that curb environmental degradation (eco-innovation). However, eco-innovation is a risky proposition for organizations and their stakeholders, due to uncertainty of outcome. Despite the high investment risk of eco-innovation, the literature that assesses eco-innovation outcomes from an organizational performance perspective is scant. Thus, this paper uses a systematic approach to review eco-innovation and performance literature. The eco-innovation and performance literature reviewed in this paper is sourced from the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) scientific databases. Results from this systematic review suggest that the capital market stakeholder group—an essential stakeholder group—has received little attention in the eco-innovation and performance literature. This is alarming, as this stakeholder group is expected to act in the best interests of the organization—as well as the other stakeholders—especially during strategy formulation and implementation. This paper also finds that the resource-based view and stakeholder theory are frequently utilized in explaining eco-innovation. However, the natural resource-based view is least utilized, despite growing environmental pressures. A multi-theoretical perspective can help to overcome the limitations of one theory, as well as help to unearth additional organizational factors which could potentially catalyze the eco-innovation and performance relationship.

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (SDGs) has been established to alter our world by addressing the challenges faced by humanity in order to promote wellbeing, economic prosperity, and the protection of the environment. The SDGs provide a holistic and multi-dimensional approach to development compared to conventional development plans that focus on a limited range of dimensions. As a result, linkages between the SDGs may result in differing outcomes. This research is the first to investigate the direct relationship of environmental and social SDGs with firms’ financial performance and the moderating role of green innovation. Data from 67 companies from five continents (Europe, Australia and New Zealand, Asia, North America, and Africa) and their top five blue-chip firms were collected through content analysis. Generalized least squares (GLS) were used to test for direct relationships. The results showed a positive correlation between environmental SDGs and the negative significance of social SDGs on firms’ financial performance. However, mixed findings regarding the moderation variable green innovation over SDGs and firms’ financial performance were found. The new findings extend the SDG literature and provide empirical evidence to practitioners and policymakers.

The transport sector is the leading source of growing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally. To consider environmental degradation aspects due to transport, electric vehicles (EVs) have the prospect to lead road transport to electric mobility from conventional petroleum vehicles. Despite various eco-friendly benefits, the EV market penetration ratio is very low, especially in developing countries. The primary reason for low penetration is consumer limited motivation and knowledge about the EVs features. This paper uses a unified theory of acceptance and technology (UTAUT) model to assess consumer motivation and environmental knowledge towards EVs. This research used convenience random sampling to collect data and analyzed the results using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method on the example of 199 respondents from Malaysia. The study results revealed that factors identified in the motivational context significantly influence consumer intentions to purchase EVs. Perceived environmental knowledge and technophilia have been included in UTAUT from a motivational perspective. Furthermore, a significant relationship between effort expectancy, social influence, technophilia, perceived environmental knowledge, and purchase intention towards electric vehicles has been observed, without performance expectancy. The study findings serve to inform policymakers and automakers to formulate effective marketing strategies to enhance consumer motivation, knowledge, and value creation for EVs in a sustainable era. Ultimately, the policies will help to encourage consumers to buy eco-friendly vehicles that will help reduce transport carbon emissions and attain sustainable development goals (SDGs).

The massive influx of global warming, pollution, natural resource depletion, waste, wastewater, climate change, and loss of biodiversity are the primary sources of motivating firms to innovate within their businesses. This has caused great concern for academicians, policymakers and practitioners to find solutions in dealing with the environmental issues. To provide the answer to the exiting challenges this study propounds the conceptual framework that explores the intervention of the new amendment in environment management system (14001–2015) towards innovation, comprehensive green innovation, and firm performance. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to find out the role and effect of ISO14001-(2015) on general innovation and comprehensive green innovation. This study combined the institutional theory, (environmental management system) resource-based theory (general innovation, comprehensive green innovation) and stakeholder theory (firm performance) to maximise the resources utilisation though newly amended EMS14001-2015 to meet the stakeholders demands without compromising the ecological standards. The proposed conceptual framework will provide a holistic view of the firm in formulating strategies and implementing a comprehensive green innovation to the industry. Implementation of a comprehensive green innovation will enable businesses to reduce the cost of production and end life cycle impact of the product, process, service and organisational innovation on the environment. By considering the end life cycle of innovation, including minimisation of the resource consumption, waste, waste to water and emission which will create a sustainable competitive advantage for the firm. All in all, this study propounds the conceptual framework of a comparative study between nomal innovation, comprehensive green innovation and organisation performance with the moderation of environmental management system (14001–2015).