Industrial image anomaly detection plays a critical role in intelligent manufacturing by automatically identifying defective products through visual inspection. While unsupervised approaches eliminate dependency on annotated anomaly samples, current teacher–student framework-based methods still face two fundamental limitations: insufficient discriminative capability for structural anomalies and suboptimal anomaly feature decoupling efficiency. To address these challenges, we propose a Synthetic-Anomaly Contrastive Distillation (SACD) framework for industrial anomaly detection. SACD comprises two pivotal components: (1) a reverse distillation (RD) paradigm whereby a pre-trained teacher network extracts hierarchically structured representations, subsequently guiding the student network with inverse architectural configuration to establish hierarchical feature alignment; (2) a group of feature calibration (FeaCali) modules designed to refine the student’s outputs by eliminating anomalous feature responses. During training, SACD adopts a dual-branch strategy, where one branch encodes multi-scale features from defect-free images, while a Siamese anomaly branch processes synthetically corrupted counterparts. FeaCali modules are trained to strip out a student’s anomalous patterns in anomaly branches, enhancing the student network’s exclusive modeling of normal patterns. We construct a dual-objective optimization integrating cross-model distillation loss and intra-model contrastive loss to train SACD for feature alignment and discrepancy amplification. At the inference stage, pixel-wise anomaly scores are computed through multi-layer feature discrepancies between the teacher’s representations and the student’s refined outputs. Comprehensive evaluations on the MVTec AD and BTAD benchmark demonstrate that our method is effective and superior to current knowledge distillation-based approaches.

Micro-expression recognition (MER) remains a formidable challenge in affective computing due to the subtle, localized, and fleeting nature of facial muscle actuations. Conventional spatial-temporal networks are easily overwhelmed by static facial topologies, leading to feature representations that are heavily biased toward identity-specific noise. To address this, we propose the Motion-Anchored Cross-Modal Fusion Network (MACFN), a novel dual-stream ViT architecture that explicitly decouples and synergizes spatial appearance and optical flow dynamics. Specifically, we introduce a motion-anchored spatial attention module, which translates latent motion features into a sparse spatial probability mask. It acts as an enhancement gate, forcing the texture stream to bypass static backgrounds and attend to genuine ME-related regions. Furthermore, we design a cross-modal bilinear fusion module to capture the second-order interactions across modalities, mapping the coupled features into a discriminative semantic manifold. Extensive experiments conducted on the CASME II, SAMM, and SMIC databases under the rigorous leave-one-subject-out composite database evaluation protocol demonstrate that MACFN is effective and achieves competitive performance compared to several recent methods.