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Open-graded friction course (OGFC) is a functional mixture used in high-intensity rainfall areas where there exists a risk of flash flooding. To ensure its functionality, there is a need to specify the minimum volumetric requirements on the OGFC mixture. This study aimed at developing in-situ permeability and interconnected air voids content requirements for an OGFC pavement under various rainfall intensities. Seven air voids contents (16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, and 22%) of OGFC slab specimens were prepared in the laboratory, and volumetric properties (interconnected air voids and total air voids content) and hydraulic conductivities (permeability coefficient) were characterized. A rainfall simulator was developed to quantify the ultimate drainage capacities of OGFC mixtures under simulated rainfall events. It was found that the OGFC mixture with a higher designed air voids content exhibited a higher permeability coefficient and ultimate drainage capacity. However, the in-situ drainage capacity of an OGFC pavement was affected by the number and width of lanes. Based on a field project that was two-way eight-lane, 2% cross slope, 20% air voids content, and 5-cm thick OGFC, the minimum in-situ permeability coefficient was determined as 825 mL/15 s. It was recommended to integrate design factors such as number and width lanes, and local rainfall intensity into the OGFC pavement design process to achieve desirable in-situ drainage functionality.
Li Liu; Shenghua Wu; Gang Yao; Juan Zhang; Luke Montalvo; Omar Tahri. Developing In-Situ Permeability and Air Voids Requirements for Open-Graded Friction Course Pavement: Case Study. International Journal of Civil Engineering 2021, 1 -8.
AMA StyleLi Liu, Shenghua Wu, Gang Yao, Juan Zhang, Luke Montalvo, Omar Tahri. Developing In-Situ Permeability and Air Voids Requirements for Open-Graded Friction Course Pavement: Case Study. International Journal of Civil Engineering. 2021; ():1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi Liu; Shenghua Wu; Gang Yao; Juan Zhang; Luke Montalvo; Omar Tahri. 2021. "Developing In-Situ Permeability and Air Voids Requirements for Open-Graded Friction Course Pavement: Case Study." International Journal of Civil Engineering , no. : 1-8.
Cracking is one of the primary distresses for asphalt pavements. There are many types of laboratory tests developed to evaluate the cracking performance of asphalt material, however, relatively little attention has been dedicated to evaluating and correlating the laboratory measured properties with the actual pavement performance. The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationships between the various laboratory measured binder/mixture properties with the actual pavement cracking (including both fatigue and thermal cracking) performance while also considering the important mix design and pavement structure parameters. Field pavement performance data were collected from 23 project sites with one control HMA section and at least one WMA section at each site. Laboratory testing was performed on the field cores taken from these sections as well as the corresponding extracted and recovered binders. Advanced statistical analysis method including the Pearson correlation and Spearman rank correlation coefficient were then employed to evaluate the correlations between the disparate laboratory measurements and actual pavement performance data. Results show that T*D (thickness of HMA/WMA layer*vertical failure deformation) parameter shows the good correlation with the length of field fatigue cracking, while the Pb%*εb-low (mixture binder content*binder failure strain) parameter shows the good correlation with the length of field thermal cracking. These correlations do not change with varying the pavement type (HMA or WMA). Based on the database generated in this study, a preliminary threshold value of 50 for T*D parameter and 10 for Pb%*εb-low parameter are proposed to minimize and control the cracking problem of asphalt mixtures in general.
Runhua Zhang; Weiguang Zhang; Shihui Shen; Shenghua Wu; Yiming Zhang. Evaluation of the correlations between laboratory measured material properties with field cracking performance for asphalt pavement. Construction and Building Materials 2021, 301, 124126 .
AMA StyleRunhua Zhang, Weiguang Zhang, Shihui Shen, Shenghua Wu, Yiming Zhang. Evaluation of the correlations between laboratory measured material properties with field cracking performance for asphalt pavement. Construction and Building Materials. 2021; 301 ():124126.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRunhua Zhang; Weiguang Zhang; Shihui Shen; Shenghua Wu; Yiming Zhang. 2021. "Evaluation of the correlations between laboratory measured material properties with field cracking performance for asphalt pavement." Construction and Building Materials 301, no. : 124126.
This paper characterized field rutting performance of asphalt pavement based on Hamburg wheel tracking (HWT) rut depth. The rut depths were collected from 50 field pavement sections, and cores from the same test areas were obtained to conduct volumetric properties measurement and HWT test. The relationship between field measurements and HWT rut depth was evaluated; the ranking of HWT results and field rut depth among mixtures was also compared. An analysis of if the HWT rut depth underpredicted or overpredicted field rut depth, or they were equivalent was summarized. A field rut depth predictive model that consisted of HWT rut depth was developed. Results indicated that the HWT rut depth magnitudes were closer to field rut depth if polymer modification was adopted. The rutting observed in the field was minor compared to what was observed with the laboratory HWT test results for the majority of evaluated pavement sections. Ranking analysis showed that applying HWT results at the end of the test did not provide a strong comparison in contrast to the field rut depth ranking among mixtures. The field rut depth predictive model was developed based on the random forest algorithm, which included four input parameters, namely, HWT rut depth, pavement age, number of high-temperature hours, and annual average daily truck traffic (AADTT). The model was able to accurately predict field rut depth based on the relatively high coefficient of determination (R2=0.79) and low standard error of the esitimate (SEE=0.58). The sensitivity analysis indicated that pavement age has the most significant effect on rut depth, followed by HWT rut depth and AADTT.
Weiguang Zhang; Xiao Chen; Shihui Shen; Louay. N. Mohammad; Bingyan Cui; Shenghua Wu; Ali Raza Khan. Investigation of Field Rut Depth of Asphalt Pavements Using Hamburg Wheel Tracking Test. Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B: Pavements 2021, 147, 04020091 .
AMA StyleWeiguang Zhang, Xiao Chen, Shihui Shen, Louay. N. Mohammad, Bingyan Cui, Shenghua Wu, Ali Raza Khan. Investigation of Field Rut Depth of Asphalt Pavements Using Hamburg Wheel Tracking Test. Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B: Pavements. 2021; 147 (1):04020091.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWeiguang Zhang; Xiao Chen; Shihui Shen; Louay. N. Mohammad; Bingyan Cui; Shenghua Wu; Ali Raza Khan. 2021. "Investigation of Field Rut Depth of Asphalt Pavements Using Hamburg Wheel Tracking Test." Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B: Pavements 147, no. 1: 04020091.
Current practice of recycled waste plastics includes 7 major types: polyethylene terephthalate (PETE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and others such as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polycarbonate (PC), and polyurethane (PU). This paper provides a comprehensive and in-depth literature review on the feasibility and the state-of-art repurposing waste plastics into cleaner asphalt pavement materials. Optimum dosage of waste plastics should be identified based on appropriate engineering performance parameters such as viscosity of asphalt, and rutting, fatigue cracking, thermal cracking, and moisture resistance of asphalt mixtures. If the appropriate amount of plastic is not determined, adverse impacts on the performance of the pavement could occur. Plastic wastes are incorporated into asphalt mixes by the dry (aggregate substitute) or wet (binder modifier, extender, or substitute) methods. In general, the incorporation of plastic wastes into asphalt mixes showed improvements in performance parameters such as stiffness, and rutting and fatigue resistance. However, HDPE, PVC, LDPE, PP, and PS yielded conflicting performance measures. Overall, the capability of recycling waste plastics into asphalt mixes would minimize landfilling, reduce dependence on nonrenewable resources, and diversify asphalt pavement building options. Additional research is needed to fully understand the effects of various plastics on the performance of the pavement, and potential environmental and economic impacts this process could implicate. Another area where further study is needed are methods to improve the compatibilization between plastic and asphalt.
Shenghua Wu; Luke Montalvo. Repurposing waste plastics into cleaner asphalt pavement materials: A critical literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 280, 124355 .
AMA StyleShenghua Wu, Luke Montalvo. Repurposing waste plastics into cleaner asphalt pavement materials: A critical literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 280 ():124355.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShenghua Wu; Luke Montalvo. 2020. "Repurposing waste plastics into cleaner asphalt pavement materials: A critical literature review." Journal of Cleaner Production 280, no. : 124355.
The adoption of warm mix asphalt (WMA) technologies is well accepted due to its promising environmental benefits, however, their long-term field performance is not well understood. This study focused on the long-term rutting resistance of WMA and their companion hot mix asphalt (HMA) based on 83 field samples collected from 28 field projects across the United States covering four climate zones, and quantified environmental impacts for various WMA technologies as compared to HMA. Field cores were evaluated by dynamic modulus, creep compliance, and Hamburg wheel-tracking device tests. Asphalt binders extracted from field cores were evaluated by continuous performance grading (PG), multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR), and monotonic shear tests. The results showed that WMA binders exhibited similar rutting resistance compared with the HMA binders after long-term field aging. Existence of polymer in the asphalt binder was displayed through the plot of non-recoverable creep compliance and percent recovery. The long-term field aged polymer modified asphalt binders for WMA and HMA are comparable. The results also showed that the CO2 reduction by using WMA ranges from 89.09% to 42.79% depending on WMA type. On average, the CO2 emission can be reduced to 66.89% by using WMA technologies. Overall, environmental impact analysis and long-term field performance results have validated the confident use of WMA technologies.
Shenghua Wu; Omar Tahri; Shihui Shen; Weiguang Zhang; Balasingam Muhunthan. Environmental impact evaluation and long-term rutting resistance performance of warm mix asphalt technologies. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 278, 123938 .
AMA StyleShenghua Wu, Omar Tahri, Shihui Shen, Weiguang Zhang, Balasingam Muhunthan. Environmental impact evaluation and long-term rutting resistance performance of warm mix asphalt technologies. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 278 ():123938.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShenghua Wu; Omar Tahri; Shihui Shen; Weiguang Zhang; Balasingam Muhunthan. 2020. "Environmental impact evaluation and long-term rutting resistance performance of warm mix asphalt technologies." Journal of Cleaner Production 278, no. : 123938.
Shenghua Wu; Shenghua Zha; Sue Mattson. Integrating Team-Based Learning Modules to Improve Civil Engineering Students’ Technical Writing Skills. Journal of Civil Engineering Education 2020, 146, 04020005 .
AMA StyleShenghua Wu, Shenghua Zha, Sue Mattson. Integrating Team-Based Learning Modules to Improve Civil Engineering Students’ Technical Writing Skills. Journal of Civil Engineering Education. 2020; 146 (3):04020005.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShenghua Wu; Shenghua Zha; Sue Mattson. 2020. "Integrating Team-Based Learning Modules to Improve Civil Engineering Students’ Technical Writing Skills." Journal of Civil Engineering Education 146, no. 3: 04020005.
Waste tire rubber (WTR) and amorphous poly alpha olefin (APAO) compound modified asphalt had good high temperature and anti-aging properties, which were needed for porous asphalt (PA) mixtures. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the feasibility of WTR/APAO (WTR+4%APAO and WTR+6%APAO) compound modified asphalt for PA mixture and compare it with 70 # base asphalt, WTR modified asphalt and Tafpack Super (TPS) modified asphalt for PA mixture. First, the Cantabro test and draindown test were carried out to determine optimum asphalt contents (OAC) for all asphalt mixtures. Then, a series of performances tests were conducted on the asphalt mixtures at their OAC, including Marshall test, rutting test, low temperature three-point bending test, immersion Marshall test, Cantabro test before and after aging, pendulum friction test, to assess the high and low temperature performance, water resistance, aging resistance and skid resistance, respectively. The test results showed that as compared to WTR PA mixture, WTR/APAO PA mixture had smaller Cantabro abrasion loss, draindown and OACs, better high temperature performance, water, aging and skid resistances, and worse low temperature performance. WTR+6%APAO PA mixture had the best high temperature performance and water resistance of all PA mixtures. The aging resistances of WTR+6%APAO PA mixture was second only to that of TPS PA mixture. The skid resistance of WTR+6%APAO PA mixture was second only to that of 70# PA mixture. It was feasible to using WTR/APAO modified asphalt as the binder of PA mixture in non cold area according to Chinese standard JTG F40-2004 and WTR+6%APAO PA mixture performed better than WTR+4%APAO PA mixture. Future research was recommended on the influence of compaction condition and asphalt content on the WTR/APAO PA mixture properties such as fatigue resistance and permeability.
Kezhen Yan; Hao Sun; Lingyun You; Shenghua Wu. Characteristics of waste tire rubber (WTR) and amorphous poly alpha olefin (APAO) compound modified porous asphalt mixtures. Construction and Building Materials 2020, 253, 119071 .
AMA StyleKezhen Yan, Hao Sun, Lingyun You, Shenghua Wu. Characteristics of waste tire rubber (WTR) and amorphous poly alpha olefin (APAO) compound modified porous asphalt mixtures. Construction and Building Materials. 2020; 253 ():119071.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKezhen Yan; Hao Sun; Lingyun You; Shenghua Wu. 2020. "Characteristics of waste tire rubber (WTR) and amorphous poly alpha olefin (APAO) compound modified porous asphalt mixtures." Construction and Building Materials 253, no. : 119071.
The open-graded friction course (OGFC) with a high air void has been used due to its provided benefits; however, the clogging issue becomes a challenge for in-service pavement with an OGFC overlay. This study relied on an airport expressway that has been in service for 9 years and evaluated the long-term permeability performance of the OGFC layer. A cleaning vehicle equipped with a high-pressure water and vacuum system was used to clean the OGFC pavement, and the effect of cleaning on the permeability restoration of OGFC pavement was evaluated for different traffic lanes and locations. One-way ANOVA statistical analysis was further conducted. The test results showed that the emergency lane on the bridge exhibited the worst permeability and the most severe clogging, whereas the traffic lane with higher vehicle speed showed better permeability than that with lower vehicle speed. No significant difference in permeability was found between the nonwheel path and wheel path. A cleaning vehicle with a capacity for flushing and vacuuming can effectively clear out the clogged materials in an OGFC overlay and thus improves permeability. However, the permeability restoration after cleaning is different at different locations. Overall, the permeability restoration at the nonwheel path is higher than that at the wheel path. Three or four rounds of cleaning at the emergency traffic lane where the most severe clogging occurs are suggested.
Li Liu; Gang Yao; Juan Zhang; Shenghua Wu. Evaluation of Effectiveness of Cleaning on In Situ Permeability Restoration of Open-Graded Friction Course. Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B: Pavements 2020, 146, 04020003 .
AMA StyleLi Liu, Gang Yao, Juan Zhang, Shenghua Wu. Evaluation of Effectiveness of Cleaning on In Situ Permeability Restoration of Open-Graded Friction Course. Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B: Pavements. 2020; 146 (1):04020003.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi Liu; Gang Yao; Juan Zhang; Shenghua Wu. 2020. "Evaluation of Effectiveness of Cleaning on In Situ Permeability Restoration of Open-Graded Friction Course." Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B: Pavements 146, no. 1: 04020003.
This study aims at investigating the composite modification effect of castor beans-based bio-asphalt and European rock asphalt on the properties of asphalt binders and optimizing the blending ratio of composite modified asphalt for specific properties by D-optimal mixture design (DMD). Penetration, softening point, ductility, rotary viscosity and dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) tests results revealed the addition of rock asphalt could compensate the adverse effect of bio-asphalt on the high-temperature performance of asphalt, and bio-asphalt could promote the swelling of rock asphalt by increasing complex modulus (G*) and decreased phase angle (δ). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results indicated that there no true chemical reaction occurred between bio-asphalt, rock asphalt and base asphalt. Additive bio-asphalt could effectively reduce the cost of asphalt binders. The optimal blending ratio of alternative AH-70 and AH-50 asphalt is obtained aiming at the requirement of penetration, softening point, ductility and viscosity by DMD: for AH-70, the optimal replacement ratio is 2.9% bio-asphalt, 16.7% rock asphalt, and 80.4% base asphalt; the optimal replacement ratio of AH-50 is 7.9% bio-asphalt, 6.3% rock asphalt, and 85.8% base asphalt. The application of DMD made the analysis of experimental data more intuitive and helped in composition optimization of bio-asphalt and rock-asphalt composite modified asphalt which meets specific properties, which provides a reference for the selection of other composite modified asphalt.
Kezhen Yan; Man Zhang; Lingyun You; Shenghua Wu; Hongyan Ji. Performance and optimization of castor beans-based bio-asphalt and European rock-asphalt modified asphalt binder. Construction and Building Materials 2020, 240, 117951 .
AMA StyleKezhen Yan, Man Zhang, Lingyun You, Shenghua Wu, Hongyan Ji. Performance and optimization of castor beans-based bio-asphalt and European rock-asphalt modified asphalt binder. Construction and Building Materials. 2020; 240 ():117951.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKezhen Yan; Man Zhang; Lingyun You; Shenghua Wu; Hongyan Ji. 2020. "Performance and optimization of castor beans-based bio-asphalt and European rock-asphalt modified asphalt binder." Construction and Building Materials 240, no. : 117951.
Increased awareness of sustainability has called for increasing use of construction waste in civil infrastructures. However, the incorporation of construction waste should be well examined without compromising the performance. There are few studies focusing on applying construction waste in pervious concrete. This study was aimed at exploring the feasibility of reusing recycled aggregate from construction waste for open-graded cement stabilized macadam (OGCSM) and evaluating its performance. Various replacement ratios of recycled aggregate ranging from 0% to 100% were designed and studied in the OGCSM. The performance of OGCSM containing recycled aggregate are comprehensively evaluated. Specifically unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test, indirect tensile strength (ITS) test, compression resilience modulus test, dry shrinkage test, frost resistance test, and permeability test were conducted. As the results showed, the UCS, ITS and compression resilience modulus of OGCSM decreased with the increase of replacement ratios of recycled aggregate. Dry shrinkage performance also declined with the increase of recycled aggregate content while permeability performance increased with the increase of recycled aggregate content. The UCS after freeze-thaw cycles declined with the increase of recycled aggregate content and cycles. However, there was no significant correlation between residue strength rate and recycled aggregate content. When the replacement ratio was 30%, the residue strength rate was maximum. Although the performance of OGCSM declined with the increase of recycled aggregate content, it could be potentially used in the base of the highway when the performance of OGCSM containing appropriate amount of recycled aggregate met the requirement of base layer of pavements.
Kezhen Yan; Guokai Li; Lingyun You; Yubo Zhou; Shenghua Wu. Performance assessments of open-graded cement stabilized macadam containing recycled aggregate. Construction and Building Materials 2019, 233, 117326 .
AMA StyleKezhen Yan, Guokai Li, Lingyun You, Yubo Zhou, Shenghua Wu. Performance assessments of open-graded cement stabilized macadam containing recycled aggregate. Construction and Building Materials. 2019; 233 ():117326.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKezhen Yan; Guokai Li; Lingyun You; Yubo Zhou; Shenghua Wu. 2019. "Performance assessments of open-graded cement stabilized macadam containing recycled aggregate." Construction and Building Materials 233, no. : 117326.
Crack-and-seating is a Portland cement concrete (PCC) pavement rehabilitation technique that has been practically used to mitigate reflective cracking, however, the mechanism is not well understood. This study applied the coupling discrete-continuum modelling method to a field project, which is aimed to evaluating the effect of hammer-introduced crack on the stress at the tip of joint and at the tip of crack that control the reflective cracking of a rehabilitated PCC pavement with asphalt concrete (AC) layer. Particle Flow Code (PFC) was used for modelling asphalt overlay and the fractured PCC pavement while Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continuum (FLAC) was used for modelling base and subgrade soil. The numerical simulation and analysis has validated that crack-and-seating can effectively reduce the shear stress at the tip of joint. Reducing the distance from the location where the hammer-introduced crack is introduced to the joint can effectively reduce the shear stress, and such distance is recommended to be 0.1–0.2 m. When the hammer-introduced crack’s length is 0.225 m, that is, the tip of crack is 1/10 of the thickness of PCC slab distant from the PCC slab surface, reflective cracking that would ultimately occur in the AC overlay can be effectively mitigated.
Li Liu; Shenghua Wu; Wenkai Xie; Gang Yao. Numerical analysis of rehabilitated concrete pavement using crack-and-seating technique. International Journal of Pavement Engineering 2019, 22, 1250 -1262.
AMA StyleLi Liu, Shenghua Wu, Wenkai Xie, Gang Yao. Numerical analysis of rehabilitated concrete pavement using crack-and-seating technique. International Journal of Pavement Engineering. 2019; 22 (10):1250-1262.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi Liu; Shenghua Wu; Wenkai Xie; Gang Yao. 2019. "Numerical analysis of rehabilitated concrete pavement using crack-and-seating technique." International Journal of Pavement Engineering 22, no. 10: 1250-1262.
Thermal cracking is one of the major distresses in flexible pavements, especially in the northern part of the U.S. and Canada. With the increasing use of recycled materials like reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and recycled asphalt shingle (RAS), asphalt pavements have become more susceptible to thermal distresses. Therefore, such asphalt concrete (AC) mixtures should be carefully investigated to ensure that performance is not compromised in the pursuit of an economical solution. The Pavement ME Design uses the empirically developed model for the prediction of creep compliance as an input for Level 3 analysis, which uses the mix and binder properties. However, this prediction model cannot be applied for every climatic and mix design conditions; therefore, different researchers came up with modified models for different states within the U.S. The impact of recycled materials was not captured in the MEPDG as well as in the modified models. This research proposes a new model that captures the effect of recycled materials. It was observed that softer binder and higher asphalt content results in more compliant, while recycled materials tend to decrease the compliance. Hence, softer binder and recycled materials tend to counterbalance each other’s impact. From model analysis, it was found that the existing MEPDG model significantly overestimates creep compliance compared with actual measured values. The proposed model can capture the effect of asphalt binder replacement (ABR) and has been validated with randomly selected data and found to exhibit good correlation with lab testing data.
Fazal R. Safi; Kamal Hossain; Shenghua Wu; Imad L. Al-Qadi; Hasan Ozer. A model to predict creep compliance of asphalt mixtures containing recycled materials. Construction and Building Materials 2018, 184, 374 -381.
AMA StyleFazal R. Safi, Kamal Hossain, Shenghua Wu, Imad L. Al-Qadi, Hasan Ozer. A model to predict creep compliance of asphalt mixtures containing recycled materials. Construction and Building Materials. 2018; 184 ():374-381.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFazal R. Safi; Kamal Hossain; Shenghua Wu; Imad L. Al-Qadi; Hasan Ozer. 2018. "A model to predict creep compliance of asphalt mixtures containing recycled materials." Construction and Building Materials 184, no. : 374-381.
The laboratory aging tests for binders were developed based on Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) tests in the 1990s (i.e., performance grading); the applicability of performance grade (PG) to recently developed tests, such as multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR), is not clear. In addition, the ability of laboratory aging to represent field pavement aging, especially when polymer-modified asphalt (PMA) and warm-mix asphalt (WMA) binders are used, has been a concern to paving practice. This paper investigates quantitatively the level of laboratory aging compared to the field aging for both the control hot-mix asphalt (HMA) binders and WMA and PMA binders. The study focuses on a number of binder parameters, as well as evaluating whether the current laboratory aging conditions (loose-mix oven aging) will provide correlation to field short-term aging. HMA and WMA binders from four field projects that covered different climatic zones, pavement structures, and materials were selected. Binder properties including high-temperature PG, MSCR nonrecoverable creep compliance, low-temperature binder PG, and fracture energy were used for analysis. The results show that the laboratory rolling thin-film oven (RTFO) aging method is not sufficient to simulate field short-term aging conditions for most cases except for the low-temperature PG test. The aging of asphalt binder is parameter sensitive; depending on the parameters used, the comparison results between laboratory aging and field aging could be different. The effect of aging on PMA binder, especially when mixed with Sasobit additive, differs from non-polymer-modified binders. Limited results from non-polymer-modified binder mixes suggested that loose-mix oven aging at 85°C for 2, 5, and 7 days appears to provide a reasonable simulation of field pavement aging right after compaction (0 years), 1.8 years, and 3 years.
Weiguang Zhang; Amirmohammad Bahadori; Shihui Shen; Shenghua Wu; Balasingam Muhunthan; Louay Mohammad. Comparison of Laboratory and Field Asphalt Aging for Polymer-Modified and Warm-Mix Asphalt Binders. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 2018, 30, 04018150 .
AMA StyleWeiguang Zhang, Amirmohammad Bahadori, Shihui Shen, Shenghua Wu, Balasingam Muhunthan, Louay Mohammad. Comparison of Laboratory and Field Asphalt Aging for Polymer-Modified and Warm-Mix Asphalt Binders. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 2018; 30 (7):04018150.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWeiguang Zhang; Amirmohammad Bahadori; Shihui Shen; Shenghua Wu; Balasingam Muhunthan; Louay Mohammad. 2018. "Comparison of Laboratory and Field Asphalt Aging for Polymer-Modified and Warm-Mix Asphalt Binders." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 30, no. 7: 04018150.
Climate, pavement structure, traffic and material properties were identified and incorporated into a new mechanistic-empirical model to predict top-down cracking in an asphalt pavement overlay. The shear strain at the edge of the tyre was determined as a critical pavement structural response for initiating top-down cracking. The horizontal failure strain, dynamic modulus and shear strain at the edge of the tyre were incorporated in the model for characterising the fatigue life of asphalt pavements. The model was calibrated and verified using the data collected nationwide and is recommended to supplement the current models in the mechanistic-empirical pavement design guide (MEPDG). To mitigate top-down cracking in the asphalt pavement overlay, it is recommended to design an asphalt mix with relatively a higher horizontal failure strain value to reduce the shear strain response along the edges of the tyre.
Shenghua Wu; Balasingam Muhunthan. A mechanistic-empirical model for predicting top-down fatigue cracking in an asphalt pavement overlay. Road Materials and Pavement Design 2018, 20, 1322 -1353.
AMA StyleShenghua Wu, Balasingam Muhunthan. A mechanistic-empirical model for predicting top-down fatigue cracking in an asphalt pavement overlay. Road Materials and Pavement Design. 2018; 20 (6):1322-1353.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShenghua Wu; Balasingam Muhunthan. 2018. "A mechanistic-empirical model for predicting top-down fatigue cracking in an asphalt pavement overlay." Road Materials and Pavement Design 20, no. 6: 1322-1353.
This study evaluated the feasibility of using waste engine oil (WEO) to partially replace virgin asphalt binder. Two base asphalt binders (PG 64-28 and PG 76-22) were blended with three different WEO percentages of 0, 5, and 10%, respectively. First, the effects of WEO on two base asphalt binders were evaluated by the mass loss during rolling thin film oven (RTFO) and by performance grading (PG) test. Second, based on the developed WEO-PG formula, two binders were designed to have equivalent low temperature PG. Subsequently, the rheological properties of these two low-PG-equivalent binders were evaluated by PG, multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR), frequency sweep, and monotonic fracture tests. Results of the study showed that use of higher WEO content resulted in a decreased PG for base asphalt binder, but the amount of decrease was dependent on the base asphalt type. With the presence of WEO, the binders having equivalent low-temperature PG did not necessarily exhibit similar stiffness or fracture property. WEO had a softening effect, and an improved elasticity and recovery property on the base asphalt.
Shenghua Wu; Balasingam Muhunthan. Evaluation of the Effects of Waste Engine Oil on the Rheological Properties of Asphalt Binders. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 2018, 30, 06017020 .
AMA StyleShenghua Wu, Balasingam Muhunthan. Evaluation of the Effects of Waste Engine Oil on the Rheological Properties of Asphalt Binders. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 2018; 30 (3):06017020.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShenghua Wu; Balasingam Muhunthan. 2018. "Evaluation of the Effects of Waste Engine Oil on the Rheological Properties of Asphalt Binders." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 30, no. 3: 06017020.
This study evaluated the ductility properties of sixty-nine different types of asphalt extracted from the field projects using dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) monotonic and oscillation test. These extracted asphalts were subjected to field aging. The ductility of asphalt mixture was also characterized by indirect tensile test. It was found that test temperature had effect on property measurement. Failure strain measured at 5°C from monotonic test correlated well with DSR function measured from oscillation test. Both higher failure strain and lower DSR function indicated a better ductility of asphalt, and were also indicative of ductility of asphalt mixture. Failure strain would be potentially used to separate polymer-modified asphalt from non-polymer-modified asphalt.
Shenghua Wu. Characterization of ductility of field-aged petroleum asphalt. Petroleum Science and Technology 2018, 36, 696 -703.
AMA StyleShenghua Wu. Characterization of ductility of field-aged petroleum asphalt. Petroleum Science and Technology. 2018; 36 (9-10):696-703.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShenghua Wu. 2018. "Characterization of ductility of field-aged petroleum asphalt." Petroleum Science and Technology 36, no. 9-10: 696-703.
Shenghua Wu; Weiguang Zhang; Shihui Shen; Balasingam Muhunthan. Case Study: Evaluation of the Effect of Extraction Temperature on WMA Binder Containing Sasobit Additive. Journal of Testing and Evaluation 2018, 46, 1 .
AMA StyleShenghua Wu, Weiguang Zhang, Shihui Shen, Balasingam Muhunthan. Case Study: Evaluation of the Effect of Extraction Temperature on WMA Binder Containing Sasobit Additive. Journal of Testing and Evaluation. 2018; 46 (5):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShenghua Wu; Weiguang Zhang; Shihui Shen; Balasingam Muhunthan. 2018. "Case Study: Evaluation of the Effect of Extraction Temperature on WMA Binder Containing Sasobit Additive." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 46, no. 5: 1.
Shenghua Wu; Weiguang Zhang; Shihui Shen; Xiaojun Li; Balasingam Muhunthan; Louay N. Mohammad. Field-aged asphalt binder performance evaluation for Evotherm warm mix asphalt: Comparisons with hot mix asphalt. Construction and Building Materials 2017, 156, 574 -583.
AMA StyleShenghua Wu, Weiguang Zhang, Shihui Shen, Xiaojun Li, Balasingam Muhunthan, Louay N. Mohammad. Field-aged asphalt binder performance evaluation for Evotherm warm mix asphalt: Comparisons with hot mix asphalt. Construction and Building Materials. 2017; 156 ():574-583.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShenghua Wu; Weiguang Zhang; Shihui Shen; Xiaojun Li; Balasingam Muhunthan; Louay N. Mohammad. 2017. "Field-aged asphalt binder performance evaluation for Evotherm warm mix asphalt: Comparisons with hot mix asphalt." Construction and Building Materials 156, no. : 574-583.
Illinois has many years of experience using various reclaimed materials in highway construction; and in recent years, recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) have been adopted for use in hot-mix asphalt (HMA), along with much higher amounts of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). These reclaimed asphalt materials usually contain aged asphalt binders, which may increase the mix brittleness and hence, a challenge for maintaining a flexible pavement and ensuring good performance. To counter these hard asphalt binders, softer asphalts are incorporated into the HMA. The goal is for the final mix to provide acceptable mix properties for the life of the pavement. To determine the impact of recycled materials on pavement performance, this study monitored nine field projects in terms of the testing, construction, and performance of surface mixes that have a variety of asphalt binder replacement levels from RAP and RAS which used different virgin asphalt binder grades. Simple performance tests (Hamburg wheel tracking test and the Illinois flexibility index test [I-FIT]) were used to evaluate the mix designs. Flexibility index (FI) from the I-FIT showed good correlation with field crack development, especially after first year performance of the mix. Early-age field performance showed that placing the HMA overlay directly over existing bare concrete pavement or milling off all the HMA and placing new overlay on concrete pavement results in higher extents of cracking in early age than the sections that left an HMA layer in place. Regardless of which mix type is designed and what material sources are used, the performance of mix should be evaluated to ensure it has sufficient flexibility to resist cracking before the mix is used in road construction. This allows owners and contractors to use low-cost reclaimed and recycled materials to the extent possible without negatively impacting pavement performance.
Imad L. Al-Qadi; Shenghua Wu; David L. Lippert; Hasan Ozer; Maxwell K. Barry; Fazal R. Safi. Impact of high recycled mixed on HMA overlay crack development rate. Road Materials and Pavement Design 2017, 18, 311 -327.
AMA StyleImad L. Al-Qadi, Shenghua Wu, David L. Lippert, Hasan Ozer, Maxwell K. Barry, Fazal R. Safi. Impact of high recycled mixed on HMA overlay crack development rate. Road Materials and Pavement Design. 2017; 18 (sup4):311-327.
Chicago/Turabian StyleImad L. Al-Qadi; Shenghua Wu; David L. Lippert; Hasan Ozer; Maxwell K. Barry; Fazal R. Safi. 2017. "Impact of high recycled mixed on HMA overlay crack development rate." Road Materials and Pavement Design 18, no. sup4: 311-327.
The Hamburg wheel tracking (HWT) test has been found to be a promising test to evaluate the field rutting performance of asphalt pavements and has been implemented as a material screening test during the mix design process by several state departments of transportation. However, the rutting performance of an asphalt pavement depends not only on the material properties, but also on many other factors such as pavement structure and traffic. To date, there are few performance models that have integrated the Hamburg rutting parameters for pavement rutting prediction. In addition, mechanistic-empirical–based prediction models have been found to have some difficulties in reasonably predicting field rut depth, especially when field variables and confounding factors have to be considered. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to evaluate the relationship between the HWT test results and the field rut depth, then develop a predictive model for field rut depth based on the HWT test results. Field projects consisting of 51 hot mix asphalt (HMA) and warm mix asphalt (WMA) pavements were included in the analysis. These projects were located in different climatic zones with varying traffic levels, pavement structures, and material properties. Through direct correlation, it was found that the field rut depth in general decreased with the increase of the rutting resistance index (RRI). However, HWT test results alone do not have a strong relationship with the field rut depth, and many other factors, such as climate and pavement structure, have to be considered. Further, statistical-based methods in conjunction with engineering interpretation were applied to identify critical influencing factors and develop a prediction model for field rut depth. The developed rutting predictive model indicated that (a) mixture property (rutting resistance index, a parameter developed based on the HWT test), pavement age (month), average annual daily truck traffic (AADTT), and pavement structure (total HMA thickness and overlay thickness) are critical influencing factors for field rut depth; (b) RRI, along with pavement age and traffic data, has the most significant effect on rut depth among the identified five key predictor variables; (c) no significant differences are observed between prediction results of HMA and WMA mixtures, and thus the prediction model can be applied for both; and (d) using the developed predictive model, the effect of the HWT RRI can be considered comprehensively with other factors including climate, traffic, and pavement structure to determine the suitability of a designed asphalt mixture for pavement construction.
A.M.Asce Weiguang Zhang; A.M.Asce Shihui Shen; M.Asce Shenghua Wu; M.Asce Louay N. Mohammad. Prediction Model for Field Rut Depth of Asphalt Pavement Based on Hamburg Wheel Tracking Test Properties. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 2017, 29, 04017098 .
AMA StyleA.M.Asce Weiguang Zhang, A.M.Asce Shihui Shen, M.Asce Shenghua Wu, M.Asce Louay N. Mohammad. Prediction Model for Field Rut Depth of Asphalt Pavement Based on Hamburg Wheel Tracking Test Properties. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 2017; 29 (9):04017098.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA.M.Asce Weiguang Zhang; A.M.Asce Shihui Shen; M.Asce Shenghua Wu; M.Asce Louay N. Mohammad. 2017. "Prediction Model for Field Rut Depth of Asphalt Pavement Based on Hamburg Wheel Tracking Test Properties." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 29, no. 9: 04017098.