This paper establishes a finite element model that includes the interface roughness characteristics to evaluate the stress concentration in the atmospheric plasma sprayed (APS) thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) with an uneven temperature field. We further scrutinize the effects of crack initiation at the interface between the thermally grown oxide (TGO) and the bond coat (BC) and in the ceramic top-coat (TC) on stress redistribution by introducing the debonding model for crack analysis. Results indicate that the interfacial residual stress σ₂₂ achieves the critical value at the end of the cooling stage. As the temperature drop intensifies, the σ₂₂ declines at the interface while it escalates within the TC. However, the interfacial crack propagation results in the redistribution of stress in the TBCs, and the σ₂₂ changes from tensile stress to compressive stress in the peak of the TC. The propagation rate of the interfacial crack accelerates with a smaller temperature difference and a thicker initial TGO. When the TGO/BC interfacial morphology is uniform, the crack growth rate is the most rapid. The stress redistribution leads to an off-peak tensile stress concentration area in the TC and increased maximum tensile stress near the horizontal micro-crack tip. The concentration area of σ₁₁ occurs in the TC above the peak of the interface, indicating that the vertical crack in the TC is likely to initiate above the peak.

The research on 811 ternary cathode materials is mainly based on synthesis and modification. However, the preparation process of these materials is accompanied by complex chemical reactions, and the reaction process and corresponding kinetic analysis have not been widely explored. Under different oxygen concentrations, this study analyzed the chemical reaction mechanism of the raw material's (namely, Ni_0.8Co_0. 1Mn_0. 1(OH)₂ and LiOH·H₂O mixture, which is referred to as the raw material hereinafter) calcination process by non-isothermal thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and in situ X-ray diffraction. Based on the obtained data, multiple heating rate methods were used to calculate the reaction mechanism functions and kinetic parameters at each stage as well as the corresponding activation energy and pre-exponential factor. Results showed that four chemical reactions occurred successively during the calcination process of the raw materials with each corresponding to a different kinetic function, pre-exponential factor, and activation energy. Comparing the calcination characteristics under different oxygen concentrations showed that the activation energy was the smallest when the oxygen concentration was 60%.

A one-dimensional mathematical model is adopted to analyse influences of operational parameters on process performance during flue gas recirculation sintering (FGRS). Simulation results show that FGRS can enhance combustion characteristics and improve distribution of heat. Subsequently, the sensitivity coefficient is used to study contribution of operational parameters to quality and productivity of sintered ore. Sensitivity analysis shows the order of sensitivity of productivity is O₂ content > gas supply > temperature, while that of quality is O₂ content > temperature > gas supply. The optimal regulation strategy is that O₂ content should be controlled first before temperature and that gas supply should be closely controlled. The optimum O₂ content range is 19–20 vol.-% and the optimum temperature is around 200°C. Gas supply of FGRS should increase by 4.17%. Finally, an industrial test was carried out, which indicated that the optimal regulation strategy is reasonable.

A horizontal centrifugal casting experiment was designed to determine the change in the solidification structure of Al-Cu alloy casting and the underlying variation in temperature, then obtained interface heat transfer coefficient by inverse calculation. The continuous simulation of metal melt filling from the gate to copper mold cavity is realized. The influence of centrifugal speed, pouring temperature, and mold preheating temperature on the solidified structure was analyzed. Simulation results showed that increasing the centrifugal speed mainly enhance the solidification rate of the molten metal and then refined the solidified structure of the Al-Cu alloy. Increasing the pouring temperature and mold preheating temperatures coarsen the grain size of the casting, but the range of change is small.